Facial Autologous Muscular Injection

Facial Autologous Muscular Injection, also known as fat autologous muscular injection or abbreviated as FAMI, is a minimally invasive, non-incisional facial rejuvenation procedure. FAMI is a fat transfer procedure used to address the loss of volume in the face due to aging, or to restore facial muscles and bone surfaces.[1] The procedure involves removing adult stem cells of fatty tissue from another area of the body, and refining it to be able to re-inject living fatty tissue into specific areas of the face without incisions. FAMI is an outpatient procedure and an alternative to fillers or face lifts.[2][3] The procedure does not require general anesthesia and risks of an allergic reaction are minimal due to the use of the patient's own tissue used as the facial injection.[4]

History

Fat transplantation procedures have been in use for decades to restore volume to the face, and as a result, various techniques have been developed over the years.[5] Facial autologous muscular injection (FAMI) was developed in 1996 by Roger E. Amar M.D., a French plastic surgeon.[5][6] Amar is the founder and director of the FAMI International Academy in Marbella, Spain.[7] FAMI was introduced to the United States in 2001.[5] The FAMI procedure differs from other fat transplantation procedures in that it takes the patient's facial vascular paths into account while using their own fatty tissue to address the loss of volume in the face without having to make incisions.

Indications

Facial autologous muscular injections are performed to rejuvenate the face of the patient and reduce the appearance of the natural effects of aging. The procedure can also be used to improve unsatisfactory results from other procedures such as a face-lift surgery. Indications include depressions or hollows across the face from aging, trauma or previous surgery as well as sagging jowls due to loss of volume in the upper face.

FAMI can be used in combination with surgery below the jawline to address the look of sagging necks and skeletonized faces, or faces that exhibit extreme skinny structures characterized by infraorbital hollowness usually due to weight loss.[2]

Procedure

Facial autologous muscular injections are procedures that target deep multiplane autologous fat. FAMI consists of an autograft of adult stem cells in order to rebuild muscles and bones.[8] The adult stem cells are taken from an area of fatty tissue in a separate area of the body, typically from the patient's hip, knee or abdomen. The collected fat and stem cells are concentrated and refined.[9] The stem cells are then re-injected into the muscles of the face. Specifically, the injections are made in close proximity or within the muscles responsible for facial expression.[1][5]

By reconstructing the structures of the face with one’s own adult stemcells, FAMI rejuvenates the patient’s face with restored volume to the facial muscles and bones.[8] FAMI procedures are not surgical, they are outpatient procedures that do not require the use of a scalpel or incisions, rather specially designed disposable cannulas that follow skull curvatures are used to transfer and place the fatty tissue around the face.[3][10]

The results of the procedure are long-lasting, or relatively permanent due to the use of natural tissue rather than fillers and also because the injections are made to facial expression muscles and improve graft retention. Because it is a non-incisional procedure, facial autologous muscular injections are scar-less and results appear natural.[11][12]

Complications

Complications from facial autologous muscular injections are very rare. The procedure is minimally invasive and does not require the use of general anesthesia, however, local anesthesia is used to block the patient from feeling pain or discomfort. FAMI procedures are not surgical, it is an outpatient procedure done outside of a hospital. From the 2011 Advanced Techniques in Liposuction and Fat Transfer report, it was noted that in 726 cases over 14 years there were no reports of complications such as cytosteatonecrosis, pseudocyst formation, infections or other issues.[10]

See also

Autotransplantation

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Roger E. Amar (1999). "Adipocyte microinfiltration in the face or tissue restructuration with fat tissue graft". Ann Chir Plast Esthet: 593–608.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Full-face FAMI combined with surgery below jawline". Modern Medicine. 1 April 2004. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "THE SILHOUETTE FACELIFT". Cosmetic Surgery Today. 2 April 2014. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  4. ↑ "Facial Fat Transfer – FAMI – Fat Autograft Muscle Injection". Innovations Medical. 2009. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Kimberly J. Butterwick (July 2010). "FAMI TECHNIQUE AND FAT TRANSFER FOR HAND REJUVENATION". Cambridge University Press. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  6. ↑ Amar, Roger; Fox, Donald (August 2011). "The facial autologous muscular injection (FAMI) procedure: an anatomically targeted deep multiplane autologous fat-grafting technique using principles of facial fat injection". Aesthetic Plast Surg 35: 502–10. doi:10.1007/s00266-010-9645-0. PMID 21298265.
  7. ↑ Jane Schwanke (1 January 2005). "FAMI technique adds fullness to cheeks". Dermatology Times. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Amar, R.E.; Fox, D.M.; Balin, A. (19 January 2010). "Cannulation and injection of the muscles of facial expression: a cadaver study". Dermatol Surg. doi:10.1111/j.1524-4725.2009.01438.x.
  9. ↑ "FAT TRANSFER". Art of Skin. 2014. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Blugerman, Guillermo; Amar, Roger; Schavelzon, Diego; Pelosi II, Marco A.; Soto, Javier A.; Chomyszyn, Anastasia; Podda, Maurizio; Markowsky, Andrea V.; D’Angelo, Jorge A; Moreno, Rodrigo (12 September 2011). "Advanced Lipotransfer Techniques". InTech. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  11. ↑ Jane Schwanke (1 September 2003). "Emerging technique restores volume". Dermatology Times. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  12. ↑ Amar, Roger; Fox, Donald (August 2011). "The Facial Autologous Muscular Injection (FAMI) Procedure: An Anatomically Targeted Deep Multiplane Autologous Fat-Grafting Technique Using Principles of Facial Fat Injection". Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 35 (4). p. 502. doi:10.1007/s00266-010-9645-0.
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