Highways in Croatia
Highways in Croatia are the main transport network in Croatia. The Croatian classification includes several classes of highways:[1]
- The main motorways are named A (autocesta) accompanied by one or two digits. By and large they are toll highways with a ticket system.
- Expressways (brza cesta) are limited-access roads with grade-separated intersections and by and large an increased speed limit without tolling. They are similar to motorways, but aren't always dual carriageway, they have no emergency lanes, and their speed limit is always lower. They either have standalone designations or are parts of major state routes (D), see below.
- Roads dedicated for motor vehicles (cesta namijenjena isključivo za promet motornih vozila), which is a category for highways which are limited-access roads, usually similar to multiple-lane motorways/expressways, but which may have slow intersections. It has no specific naming convention, only a dedicated traffic sign, and it mainly includes major state routes (D) or portions thereof, see below. An example is the Jadranska Avenue in Zagreb, designated as Ž1040 county road.[2]
Other than these, the national road classification includes the following categories which may also be referred to as highways in a general sense, with decreasing order of priority (and applicability of the term highway):[2]
- State roads, which are marked by letter D (državna cesta) and a single, double or triple digit number.
- County roads always are marked by letter Ž (županijska cesta) and a four digit number.
- The lowest classification comprises local roads, marked by letter L (lokalna cesta) and a five digit number.
Road operators differ according to the classification system: The designated motorways are operated by four different concessionaires. The state roads are maintained almost exclusively by Hrvatske ceste, while the county and local roads are managed by various county authorities. The road maintenance agencies are governed by various laws issued by the Parliament as well as bylaws issued by the Ministry of Transport.[1][3]
Motorways
The primary high-speed motorways are called autoceste (Croatian pronunciation: [ˈaʊtotsesta]; singular: autocesta), and they are defined as roads with at least three lanes in each direction (including hard shoulder) and a speed limit of not less than 80 kilometres per hour (50 mph). They are marked with a special road sign, similar to the road sign depicting a motorway/autoroute/autobahn in other parts of Europe.[4] In Croatia this sign has green background. The national speed limit on an autocesta, effective in case no other speed limits are present, is 130 kilometres per hour (81 mph), with a legal tolerance of 10% on speeds over 100 km/h (as of 2009). The term autocesta is sometimes translated by Croatians simply as highway, which can be confusing because a highway can be any main road, and the terms motorway (British English) and freeway (American English) would be more precise. As of 2014, the Croatian motorway network is 1,288.5 kilometres (800.6 mi) long.[5]
Motorways in Croatia are defined by the Ministry of Sea, Transport and Infrastructure.[3][6][7] The same applies to names of the motorway interchanges and rest areas.[8] Likewise, the same legislation defines the origin of motorway chainages - at the northern or the western terminus of the motorway - and the motorway markings themselves. The markings are defined as consisting of letter "A" and the motorway number assigned by the legislation, except if a specific motorway is executed in construction stages and considered an expressway, in which case the applicable motorway number is preceded by letter "B" instead.
Generally, the motorways in Croatia are developed and maintained by the state-owned company Hrvatske autoceste (Croatian Motorways Ltd). There are several exceptions to this, namely Zagreb (Lučko) - Bosiljevo 2 section of the A1 motorway, the A6 and the A7 motorways which are managed by Autocesta Rijeka - Zagreb (Rijeka - Zagreb Motorway), the A2 motorway, managed by Autocesta Zagreb - Macelj (Zagreb - Macelj Motorway) and the A8 and the A9 motorways which are managed by BINA Istra.
History
A major reason for the motorway construction "mania" of the 2000s (decade) is a previous political halt of the major Croatian highway project, today's A1, in the 1970s and 1980s under former Yugoslavia. When Croatia declared independence in 1991, the only true motorways in the country were Zagreb–Karlovac (the northernmost part of today's A1) and Zagreb-Slavonski Brod (the central part of today's A3), the latter being part of the highway "Bratstvo i jedinstvo". The dream to connect the two largest Croatian cities Zagreb and Split with a motorway (autocesta) went back to the times of the Croatian Spring. However, the construction of this project had been blocked by the ruling Communist Party.
In 2005, the Zagreb-Split route was constructed. In addition, the A1 was extended towards Dubrovnik (currently at Ploče), and the A3 was extended so it connects Zagreb to Croatian borders with both Serbia (near Lipovac) and Slovenia (near Bregana). There is also a motorway from Zagreb to Rijeka, the A6, as well as the A4 motorway from Zagreb to the northeast (Hungarian border) as well as the A2 motorway from Zagreb to the northwest (Slovenian border). The A9 between Pula and the Slovenian border is also largely completed.
The construction of additional motorways has noticeably slowed in the 2010s, but it continues. As of 2014, the A8–Kanfanar-Rijeka, the remaining part of the Istrian Y–is being upgraded from semi-highway status. The other motorways are in various early stages of development, coming up to a total of 13 motorway routes. The A1 is considered unfinished as it is planned to be extended from Ploče to Dubrovnik, but the status is unclear because of the Neum enclave of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The initial A1 setup was made under the first HDZ government which contracted Bechtel Corporation; this was later replaced by the effort of the SDP-led government effort led by Radimir Čačić; and then continued by the HDZ government under Ivo Sanader. The Zagreb-Split motorway construction enjoyed a constant support from Croatian public and its on-schedule completion was marked with joy and pride throughout the country.
As development has accelerated, so did environmental concerns, and concerns relating to the use and abuse of eminent domain by institutions involved in them. Especially criticized was the A11 Zagreb-Sisak, suspected of being politically motivated and inefficiently built.
List of completed motorways
| Motorway | County | Length | Description | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 A1 |
Zagreb, Karlovac, Lika-Senj, Zadar, Šibenik-Knin, Split-Dalmatia, Dubrovnik-Neretva and the City of Zagreb | 480.7 kilometres (298.7 mi) | The A1 starts in Lučko interchange, a part of Zagreb bypass where the A3 motorway junction is found. The motorway proceeds south from Zagreb to Karlovac and further on to Bosiljevo 2 interchange where the A6 motorway branches off towards Rijeka. The route continues south to Gospić, Zadar, Šibenik, Split. The southernmost sector of the motorway proceeds from Split to Ploče and Metković.[maps 1] | Additional sections planned. |
 A2 |
Zagreb, Krapina-Zagorje and the City of Zagreb | 59.4 kilometres (36.9 mi) | The A2 starts on the border of Slovenia near Macelj. The motorway passes west of Krapina and proceeds south towards Zagreb. The southernmost section of the motorway forms a part of Zagreb bypass and it terminates in Jankomir interchange with the A3 motorway.[maps 2] | 3.75 km (2.33 mi) as a semi-motorway. |
 A3 |
Zagreb, Sisak-Moslavina, Brod-Posavina, Vukovar-Syrmia and the City of Zagreb | 306.5 kilometres (190.5 mi) | The A3 starts on the border of Slovenia near Bregana. The motorway passes north of Samobor and proceeds west towards Zagreb, passing to the south of the city and forming a part of Zagreb bypass, where the route contains junctions with the A2, A1 and A4 motorways. It continues east to Kutina, Slavonski Brod, Sredanci interchange with the A5 motorway and further east to Županja and terminating on the border of Serbia near Lipovac[maps 3] | Entire route completed. |
 A4 |
Međimurje, Varaždin and Zagreb and the City of Zagreb | 96.3 kilometres (59.8 mi) | The A4 starts on the border of Hungary near Goričan. The motorway passes near Čakovec and Varaždin south towards Zagreb and the southernmost part of the route is a part of Zagreb bypass, where the motorway terminates in Ivanja Reka interchange, where the traffic defaults to the westbound A3 motorway.[maps 4] | Entire route completed. |
 A5 |
Osijek-Baranja and Brod-Posavina | 53.2 km (36.2 mi) | The A5 starts near Osijek and proceeds south bypassing Đakovo to Zoljani interchange near the A3 motorway.[maps 5] | Additional sections planned. |
 A6 |
Primorje-Gorski Kotar | 78.6 kilometres (48.8 mi) | The A6 starts in Bosiljevo 2 interchange, branching off from the A1 motorway and proceeds west bypassing Delnice to Rijeka and Orehovica interchange with the A7 motorway.[maps 6] | Entire route completed. |
 A7 |
Primorje-Gorski Kotar | 44.7 km (25.5 mi) | The A7 starts at the border of Slovenia and heads south to Rijeka, passes the city as Rijeka bypass. The Rijeka bypass section comprises an interchange with the A6 motorway and proceeds east terminating near Šmrika where the traffic defaults to the D8 state road.[maps 7] | Additional sections planned. |
 A8 |
Istria and Primorje-Gorski Kotar | 64.0 km (39.8 mi) | The A8 spans between Kanfanar and Matulji, i.e. the A9 and A7 motorways. As of November 2011, the Kanfanar–Rogovići section is brought to the motorway standards, and the rest is a limited access two-lane route.[maps 8] | 45.9 km (28.5 mi) as a semi-motorway |
 A9 |
Istria | 76.79 km (47.72 mi) | The A9 starts near Umag and the Slovenian border, meets the A8 expressway at Kanfanar interchange, and proceeds south to Pula, forming the western arm of Istrian Y.[maps 9] | 2 km (1.24 mi) as a semi-motorway. |
 A10 |
Dubrovnik-Neretva | 3.9 km (2.4 mi) | The A10 starts at Metković interchange and runs to border crossing–Metković.[maps 10] | Entire route completed. |
 A11 |
Zagreb | 29.2 km (18.25 mi) | The A11 starts at Velika Gorica interchange and runs south to Lekenik interchange. It was connected to A3 in November 2015. It is finished to Lekenik.[maps 11] | Additional sections planned |
| 11 motorways | Span all the counties (Dubrovnik-Neretva county is not yet decently connected) | 1,293.3 kilometres (803.6 mi) |
Motorway sections under construction
| Motorway | County | Length | Section | Description | Scheduled completion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A5 |
Osijek-Baranja | 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) | Drava Bridge | This is the longest bridge on the motorway A5 | Later than April 2017 |
Planned motorway sections
| Motorway | County | Length | Section | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 |
Dubrovnik-Neretva | 39.7 km (24.7 mi) | Metković–Doli | Some funds were given to plan the motorway |
| 29.6 km (18.4 mi) | Doli–Osojnik (Dubrovnik) | Funding was planned for development of detailed designs for this section.[9][10] | ||
| A5 |
Osijek-Baranja | 29.5 km (18.3 mi) | Duboševica border crossing–Osijek | The sections are included applicable legislation, however no funding has been approved towards any design development or construction works in the 2009–2012 national road construction plans.[7][9] |
| Brod-Posavina | 0.6 km (0.4 mi) | Sava Bridge | This is a border bridge between Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| A7 |
Primorje-Gorski Kotar | 24.0 km (14.9 mi) | Križišće–Povile (Novi Vinodolski) | The sections are included applicable legislation, and funding was approved for development of designs for the section.[9][11] |
| Primorje-Gorski Kotar and Lika-Senj | 32.0 km (19.9 mi) | Povile–Žuta Lokva | The sections are included applicable legislation, however no funding has been approved towards any design development or construction works in the 2009–2012 national road construction plans.[7][9][11] | |
| A8 |
Istria | 45.9 km (28.5 mi) | Rogovići–Matulji | An upgrade of the existing two lane expressway is planned along the A8 route except for the easternmost section of the expressway where an entirely new route to the A7 motorway.[12] The works were tentatively planned for 2011–2014.[13] As of June 2010, the section is scheduled for completion of the motorway upgrade by the end of 2014 or at the beginning of 2015.[14] |
| A11 |
Zagreb, Sisak-Moslavina | 22.2 km (13.8 mi) | Lekenik–Sisak | Planning documents specify development of design documents for the A11 motorway section and outline funds approved for the task. The planning documents pertain to 2009–2012 period.[7][9] |
| Sisak-Moslavina | 6.2 km (3.9 mi) | Sisak–Mošćenica | Planning documents specify the A11 motorway section but no funds are approved for the section as of September 2010.[7][9] |
Expressways
There is a wide variety of types of expressways in Croatia, in terms of number of lanes, accessibility and types of intersections comprised. They range from four lane expressways with grade-separated intersections and limited access - distinguished from the motorways by lack of emergency lanes only - to four or six lane urban expressways with numerous at-grade intersections and traffic lights or two lane limited access roads with grade separated intersections. The expressways include both incomplete motorways, built in stages,[8] and some state roads (with either limited access, more than two traffic lanes, grade-separated intersections or any combination thereof). There are even some instances of county roads which may be regarded expressways such as Jadranska Avenue (Ž1040).
As a rule, the expressways are not tolled, however major bridges and tunnels on the expressways that are or were part of the Istrian Y are tolled.
List of completed expressways
| Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description) |
|---|---|
 D1 |
sections through Karlovac[15] (four lane expressway, with at-grade intersections) |
| D1 |
Dugopolje interchange (A1) - Split[16] (three/four lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
 D2 |
Osijek southern bypass[16] (two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
 D8 |
sections through and near Split[17] (four lane expressway, with at-grade intersections) |
D10 B12 |
Sveta Helena interchange (A4) - Vrbovec (four lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) The road is currently physically marked D10, however pursuant to applicable legislation and an agreement between Hrvatske autoceste and Hrvatske ceste made in 2009, the expressway management is transferred to the former, the road is designated as A12 (the legislation stipulates that it shall be marked B12 until it is upgraded to motorway standards). |
 D33 |
Šibenik (Tromilja) interchange (A1) - Šibenik[18] (two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
 D220 |
Bisko interchange (A1) - Čaporice (two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
 D424 |
Zadar 2 interchange (A1) - Zadar[19] (four lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
 D425 |
Karamatići - Ploče[20] (four/two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
 D532 |
Zagvozd (Biokovo toll station) - Baška voda (two lanes inside and north of the Sveti Ilija Tunnel and four lanes with grade separated intersections on the southern side) |
 D533 |
Gornja Ploča interchange (A1) - Udbina[21] (two lane expressway, with grade separated intersections) |
State roads
State roads are defined by legislation[2] as important routes for road traffic between various parts of the country. Classification of a road as a state road does not describe actual conditions of the road itself.
State roads in Croatia are assigned one, two or three digit numbers which generally comply with the following pattern (although there are some exceptions to the rules):
- Single digit numbers (1-9) are assigned to trunk roads, normally of considerable length, spanning between borders of various neighboring countries. An obvious exception to this is the D9 state road however it spans from Bosnia and Herzegovina border and the Adriatic Sea, along the southernmost portion of Pan-European Corridor Vc.
- Double digit numbers (10-70) are assigned to arterial roads on the mainland.
- 100s are assigned to island roads
- 200s are assigned to border crossing access roads.
- 300s are assigned to junction roads, connecting towns or cities (but not other state roads) to motorways or other major roads. Notable exceptions to this are D307 and D310 state roads, although the D307 originally did not connect to the D29, but only to the A2 motorway.
- 400s are assigned to mainland port and airport access roads.
- 500s are assigned to connecting roads, connecting two different state roads. Notable exceptions to this rule are the D503 which connects to a port and the D516 which connects to a border crossing checkpoint.
At the moment the state roads in Croatia have a combined length of 6,867.7 kilometres (4,267.4 mi).
D1 - D9
| Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description)[2] | Length |
|---|---|---|
| D1 |
Macelj border checkpoint (Slovenia) - Krapina - Zagreb - Karlovac - Gračac - Knin - Brnaze - Split (D8) | 421.2 km |
| D2 |
Dubrava Križovljanska border checkpoint (Slovenia) - Varaždin - Koprivnica - Virovitica - Našice - Osijek - Vukovar - Ilok border checkpoint (Serbia) | 347.9 km |
 D3 |
Goričan border checkpoint (Hungary) - Čakovec - Varaždin - Zagreb - Karlovac - Rijeka (D8) | 218.4 km |
 D5 |
Terezino Polje border checkpoint (Hungary) - Virovitica - Veliki Zdenci - Daruvar - Okučani - Stara Gradiška border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) | 123.1 km |
 D6 |
Jurovski Brod border checkpoint (Slovenia) - Ribnik - Karlovac - Brezova Glava - Vojnić - Glina - Dvor - Bosnian border | 134.5 km |
 D7 |
Duboševica border checkpoint (Hungary) - Beli Manastir - Osijek - Đakovo - Slavonski Šamac border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) | 115.2 km |
| D8 |
Pasjak border checkpoint (Slovenia)- Šapjane - Rijeka - Zadar - Split - Klek border checkpoint - (Bosnia and Herzegovina) - Zaton Doli border checkpoint - Dubrovnik - Karasovići border checkpoint (Montenegro) | 643.8 km |
 D9 |
Metković border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) - Opuzen - (D8) | 10.9 km |
D10 - D75
| Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description)[2] | Length |
|---|---|---|
| D10 | Sveta Helena interchange (A4) - Dubrava - Gradec - Križevci - Koprivnica - Gola border checkpoint | 86,4 km |
| D12 | Vrbovec 2 interchange (D10) - Bjelovar - Virovitica - Terezino Polje | 86,5 km |
 D20 |
Čakovec (D3) – Prelog – Donja Dubrava – Đelekovec – Koprivnica (D2) | 50.4 km |
 D22 |
D3 - Novi Marof – Križevci – Sveti Ivan Žabno | 42.7 km |
 D23 |
Duga Resa (D3) – Josipdol – Žuta Lokva – Senj (D8) | 103,9 km |
 D24 |
Zabok (D1) – Zlatar Bistrica – Donja Konjšćina – Budinšćina – Novi Marof – Varaždinske Toplice – Poljanec (D2) | 72.4 km |
 D25 |
Korenica (D1) – Bunić – Lički Osik – Gospić – Karlobag (D8) | 83.6 km |
 D26 |
Dubrava (D10) - Čazma - Garešnica - Dežanovac - Daruvar (D5) | 88.5 km |
 D27 |
Gračac (D1) - Obrovac - Benkovac - Stankovci - D8 | 96,9 km |
 D28 |
Gradec (D10) - Bjelovar - Veliki Zdenci (D5) | 70,7 km |
 D29 |
Novi Golubovec (D35) - Zlatar Bistrica - Marija Bistrica - Soblinec (D3) | 49.8 km |
 D30 |
Buzin interchange (A3) - Velika Gorica - Petrinja - Hrvatska Kostajnica border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) | 83.1 km |
 D31 |
Velika Gorica (D30) - Gornji Viduševac - D6 | 56.1 km |
 D32 |
Prezid border checkpoint (Slovenia) - Delnice (D3) | 49.7 km |
| D33 |
Strmica border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) - Knin - Drniš - Vidici (D8) | 73.3 km |
 D34 |
Slatina (D2) - Donji Miholjac - Josipovac (D2) | 79.0 km |
 D35 |
Varaždin (D2) - Lepoglava - Sveti Križ Začretje (D1) | 46.0 km |
 D36 |
Karlovac (D1) - Pokupsko - Sisak - Popovača interchange (A3) | 107.8 km |
 D37 |
Sisak (D36) - Petrinja - Glina (D6) | 34.4 km |
 D38 |
Pakrac (D5) - Požega - Pleternica - Đakovo (D7) | 120.7 km |
 D39 |
Bosnian Border - Aržano - Cista Provo - Šestanovac roundabout - Dubci (D8) | 37.3 km |
 D40 |
Sveti Kuzam interchange (A7) - D8 - Port of Bakar (West) | 3.1 km |
 D41 |
Gola border checkpoint - Koprivnica - Križevci - Vrbovec 1 (D10) | 82.9 km |
 D42 |
Vrbovsko (D3) - Ogulin - Josipdol - Plaški - Grabovac (D1) | 90,3 km |
 D43 |
Đurđevac (D2) - Bjelovar - Čazma - Ivanić Grad interchange (A3) | 78.1 km |
 D44 |
Nova Vas interchange (A9) - Ponte Porton - Buzet - Lupoglav interchange (A8) | 50.5 km |
 D45 |
Veliki Zdenci - (D5) - Garešnica - Kutina interchange A3 | 43.6 km |
 D46 |
Đakovo D7 -Vinkovci - Tovarnik border checkpoint (Serbia) | 73,0 km |
 D47 |
Lipik (D5) - Novska - Hrvatska Dubica - Hrvatska Kostajnica - Dvor (D6) | 94.5 km |
 D48 |
Baderna interchange (A9) - Pazin - Rogovići interchange (A8) | 20.8 km |
 D49 |
Pleternica - Lužani interchange (A3) | 19.2 km |
 D50 |
Žuta Lokva (D23) - Otočac - Gospić - Gračac (D40) | 104.2 km |
 D51 |
Gradište (D53) - Požega - Nova Gradiška interchange (A3) | 50.3 km |
 D52 |
Špilnik (D50) - Korenica (D1) | 41.1 km |
 D53 |
Donji Miholjac border checkpoint (Hungary) - Našice - Slavonski Brod border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) | 91.6 km |
 D54 |
Maslenica (D8) - Zaton Obrovački D27 | 13.5 km |
 D55 |
Borovo (D2) - Vinkovci - Županja border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) | 48.6 km |
 D56 |
Drniš (D50) - Muć - Klis-Grlo (D1) | 53.1 km |
 D57 |
Vukovar (D2) - Orolik - Nijemci - Lipovac interchange A3 | 36.1 km |
 D58 |
Šibenik (port) - Boraja - Trogir (D8) | 43.0 km |
 D59 |
Knin (D8) - Kistanje - Bribirske Mostine - Putičanje - Kapela (D8) | 53.9 km |
 D60 |
Brnaze (D1) - Trilj - Cista Provo - Imotski - Vinjani Donji border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) | 66.1 km |
 D62 |
Šestanovac (D39) - Zagvozd - Vrgorac - Kula Norinska - Metković (D9) | 89.5 km |
 D64 |
Pazin (D48) - Potpićan - Vozilići (D66) | 26.9 km |
 D66 |
Pula (D400) - Labin - Opatija - Matulji (D8) | 90.1 km |
 D69 |
Slatina (D2) - Čeralije - Voćin - Novo Zvečevo - Kamenska (D38) | 53.4 km |
 D70 |
Omiš (D8) - Naklice - Gata - Blato na Cetini interchange (A1) | 21.6 km |
| D72 | Slavonski Brod: D53 - Svačićeva - I. G. Kovačića - N. Zrinskog (D423) | 2.7 km |
| D74 | Đurmanec (D207) - Krapina - Bednja - Lepoglava (D35) | 22.0 km |
| D75 | D200 - Savudrija - Umag - Novigrad - Poreč - Vrsar - Vrh Lima - Bale - Pula (D400) | 101.7 km |
D100 - D128
| Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description)[2] | Length |
|---|---|---|
 D100 |
Porozina (ferry port) - Cres - Mali Lošinj (Ž5159) | 80.5 km |
 D101 |
D100 - Merag (ferry port) | 10.9 km |
 D102 |
Šmrika (D8) - Krk - Baška | 48.3 km |
 D103 |
D102 - Rijeka Airport | 1.7 km |
 D104 |
D102- Valbiska (ferry port) | 10.1 km |
 D105 |
Lopar (ferry port) - Rab - Mišnjak (ferry port) | 22.7 km |
 D106 |
Žigljen (ferry port) - Novalja - Pag - Ražanac - Posedarje (D8) | 73.8 km |
 D109 |
Veli Rat - Savar - Sali | 41.9 km |
 D110 |
Muline (ferry port) - Ugljan - Tkon (ferry port) | 41.6 km |
 D111 |
Maslinica - Grohote - Stomorska | 17.8 km |
 D112 |
Rogač (ferry port) - D111 | 1.9 km |
 D113 |
Supetar - Nerežišće - Sumartin (ferry port) | 39.4 km |
 D114 |
Milna - Sutivan - Supetar (D113) | 18.8 km |
 D115 |
Gornji Humac (D113) - Bol | 11.4 km |
 D116 |
Hvar - Milna - Starigrad (ferry port) - Sućuraj | 77.8 km |
 D117 |
Komiža - Podhum - Vis | 19.9 km |
 D118 |
Vela Luka - Kapja - Dubovo - Korčula | 43.5 km |
 D119 |
Ubli - Lastovo | 9.5 km |
 D120 |
Pomena - Polače - Sobra - Saplunara | 42.9 km |
 D121 |
Murter - Tisno - D8 | 14.0 km |
 D123 |
Sobra (ferry port) - D120 | 1.1 km |
 D124 |
Brbinj (ferry port) - Brbinj - D109 | 1.7 km |
 D125 |
Zaglav (ferry port) - D109 | 1.1 km |
 D126 |
Trogir (D315) - Arbanija - Slatine | 8.3 km |
 D128 |
Uvala Mikavica - Žirje (ferry port) | 3.8 km |
D200 - D229
| Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description)[2] | Length |
|---|---|---|
 D200 |
Plovanija border checkpoint (Slovenia) - Buje - Buje interchange (A9) | 11.8 km |
 D201 |
Požane border checkpoint (Slovenia) - Buzet (D44) | 7.1 km |
 D203 |
Brod na Kupi border checkpoint (Slovenia) - Delnice (D3) | 11.2 km |
 D204 |
Pribanjci border checkpoint (Slovenia) - Bosanci (D3) - Bosiljevo 1 interchange (A1) | 6.3 km |
 D205 |
Razvor border checkpoint (Slovenia) - Kumrovec - Klanjec - Gubaševo (D1) | 24.6 km |
 D206 |
Hum na Sutli border checkpoint (Slovenia) - Pregrada - Krapina (D1) | 28.7 km |
 D207 |
Hum na Sutli (D206) - Lupinjak - Đurmanec (D1) | 14.5 km |
 D208 |
Trnovec border checkpoint (Slovenia) - Nedelišće (D3) | 6.9 km |
 D209 |
Mursko Središće border checkpoint (Slovenia) - Šenkovec - Čakovec (D3) | 17.3 km |
 D210 |
Gola (D41) - Ždala - Molve - Virje (D2) | 24.3 km |
 D211 |
Baranjsko Petrovo Selo border checkpoint (Hungary) - Baranjsko Petrovo Selo (D517) | 2.0 km |
 D212 |
D7 - Kneževi Vinogradi - Batina border checkpoint (Serbia) | 22.1 km |
 D213 |
D2 - Erdut border checkpoint (Serbia) | 26.7 km |
 D214 |
Županja (D55) - Gunja - Bosnian border | 28.8 km |
 D216 |
Vojnić (D6) - Kolarić - Maljevac border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) | 25.0 km |
 D217 |
Ličko Petrovo Selo (D1) - Ličko Petrovo Selo border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) | 3.0 km |
 D218 |
Užljebić border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) - Dobroselo - Mazin - D1 | 57.2 km |
 D219 |
Gornji Muć (D56) - Sinj - Obrovac Sinjski - Bili Brig border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) | 31.7 km |
| D220 |
Bisko interchange (A1) - Čaporice (D60) - Trilj - Kamensko border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) | 28.9 km |
 D222 |
Mali Prolog border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) - D62 | 0.6 km |
 D223 |
Gornji Brgat border checkpoint (Bosnia and Herzegovina) - Dubac (D8) | 4.6 km |
 D224 |
Mošćenica (D37) - Blinjski Kut - Sunja - Panjani (D230) | 34.2 km |
 D225 |
Harmica border checkpoint (Slovenia) - Brdovec - Zaprešić interchange (A2) | 14.8 km |
 D227 |
Slovenian border - Banfi - Štrigova - Prekopa - Lopatinec - Šenkovec (D209) | 19.4 km |
| D228 | Jurovski Brod (D6) - Kamanje - Ozalj - Karlovac (D1) | 30.2 km |
| D229 | D206 - Mali Tabor - Luka Poljanska - Miljana - Kumrovec (D205) | 25.6 km |
D300 - D315
| Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description)[2] | Length |
|---|---|---|
 D300 |
Umag (D75) - Buje interchange (A9) | 8.4 km |
 D301 |
Novigrad (D75) - Bužinija - Nova Vas interchange (A9) | 5.8 km |
 D302 |
Poreč (D75) - Baderna interchange (A9) | 10.0 km |
 D303 |
Rovinj (D75) - Kanfanar interchange (A9) | 13.5 km |
 D305 |
D32 - Čabar (Ž5031) | 4.9 km |
 D306 |
Vir - Nin - Zadar (Bili Brig) (D8) | 27.5 km |
 D307 |
Gubaševo (D1) - Oroslavje - Donja Stubica - Marija Bistrica (D29) | 23.8 km |
 D310 |
Jastrebarsko (D1) - Jastrebarsko interchange (A1) | 3.7 km |
 D312 |
D47 - Novska | 1.8 km |
 D313 |
Nova Gradiška - Rešetari (D51) | 1.9 km |
 D314 |
D2 - Orahovica | 2.9 km |
 D315 |
Trogir (D126) - Pantana (D409) | 2.7 km |
D400 - D427
| Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description)[2] | Length |
|---|---|---|
 D400 |
Pula (D75) - Pula ferry port | 1.6 km |
 D401 |
D66 - Pula Airport | 1.6 km |
 D402 |
D66 - Brestova ferry port | 3.2 km |
 D403 |
Škurinje interchange (A7) - Port of Rijeka (west) | 2.4 km |
 D404 |
Rijeka (D8) - Port of Brajdica - Draga interchange (A7) | 4.0 km |
 D405 |
Stinica ferry port - D8 | 3.8 km |
 D406 |
D8 - Prizna ferry port | 2.9 km |
 D407 |
Zadar ferry port - Zadar (D8) | 3.8 km |
 D408 |
Zagreb Airport (Pleso) - D30 | 1.0 km |
 D409 |
Plano (D8) - Split Airport (Resnik) | 3.3 km |
 D410 |
Split ferry port - Visoka (D8) | 4.0 km |
 D411 |
Makarska west (D8) - Makarska ferry port - (D411) | 1.5 km |
 D412 |
Drvenik (D8) - Drvenik ferry dock | 0.3 km |
 D413 |
Ploče (D8) - Port of Ploče | 1.9 km |
 D414 |
Orebić ferry port - Ston - Zaton Doli (D8) | 64.7 km |
 D415 |
Trpanj ferry port - Donja Banda (D414) | 7.2 km |
 D416 |
Prapratno (D414) - Prapratno ferry port | 0.9 km |
 D417 |
Osijek river port - D2 | 2.3 km |
 D418 |
D2 - Osijek Airport (Klisa) | 2.5 km |
 D420 |
Sustjepan (D8) - Port of Gruž | 2.8 km |
 D421 |
Most Raša (D66) - Port of Bršica | 3.6 km |
 D422 |
Babindub (D424) - Zadar Airport | 3.9 km |
 D423 |
Slavonski Brod: D514 - Port of Slavonski Brod | 6.1 km |
| D424 |
Zadar (Port of Gaženica) - Zadar 2 interchange (A1) | 17.6 km |
| D425 |
Mali Prolog (D62) - Karamatići - Čeveljuša interchange (D8) | 17.6 km |
| D427 | Marčelji interchange (A7) - Viškovo - Rujevica interchange (A7) | 10.3 km |
D500 - D535
| Number | Control cities (or other appropriate route description)[2] | Length |
|---|---|---|
 D500 |
Vranja interchange (A8) - Šušnjevica - Kršan (D64) | 23.7 km |
 D501 |
Gornje Jelenje (D53) - Oštrovica interchange (A6) - Meja - Križišće - Šmrika (D8) | 20.3 km |
 D502 |
Donji Zemunik (D424) - Smilčić - Karin (D27) | 17.3 km |
 D503 |
Zapužane (D27) - Biograd na Moru ferry port | 16.2 km |
 D507 |
Valentinovo (D206) - Krapinske Toplice - Gubaševo (D205) | 15.6 km |
 D510 |
Umag interchange (A9) - Kaštel border checkpoint (Slovenia) | 3.0 km |
 D512 |
Makarska (D8) - Ravča (D62) | 30.6 km |
 D514 |
Slavonski Brod (D53) - Slavonski Brod istok (east) interchange (A3) | 2.7 km |
 D515 |
Našice (D53) - Đakovo (D7) | 32.7 km |
 D516 |
Karasovići (D8) - Konfin border checkpoint (Montenegro) | 14.4 km |
 D517 |
Beli Manastir (D7) - Belišće (D34) | 27.4 km |
 D518 |
Osijek (D2) - Jarmina (D46) | 32.9 km |
 D519 |
Dalj (D213) - Borovo (D2) | 16.2 km |
 D520 |
Babina Greda interchange (A3) - Slavonski Šamac (D7) | 7.6 km |
 D522 |
Udbina (D1) - Lovinac - Gornja Ploča interchange (A1) | 13.2 km |
 D523 |
Šmrika (D8) - Križišće (D501) | 3.0 km |
 D525 |
Pleternica (D49) - Slavonski Brod zapad (west) interchange (A3) - Slavonski Brod (D53) | 25.6 km |
 D526 |
Varaždinske Toplice interchange (A4) - Varaždinske Toplice (D24) | 1.2 km |
 D528 |
Varaždin (D2) - Varaždin interchange (A4) | 2.4 km |
 D530 |
Ludbreg interchange (A4) - Zamlaka (D2) | 1.6 km |
 D531 |
Vrpolje interchange (A1) - Vrpolje (D58) | 1.7 km |
| D532 |
Baška Voda (D8) - Zagvozd (D62) | 10.5 km |
 D534 |
Budak (D25) - Gospić interchange (A1) | 2.4 km |
| D535 | Drvenik (D8) - Ravča (D62) | 12.1 km |
Toll
A toll is charged on most Croatian motorways, the only notable exception being the Zagreb bypass. Payment in kuna, all major credit cards and euros are accepted at all toll gates.
There are two toll collection systems in Croatia: the open and the closed system. Open system is used on some bridges and tunnels and short stretches of tolled highway. In this system, there is only one toll plaza and drivers immediately pay the toll upon arriving.
In the closed system, every driver passes through two toll plazas. As the driver enters the system, they are given a receipt on the first toll plaza. This receipt states the point of entry. The receipt is presented upon leaving the highway through the second toll plaza. It is needed to calculate the toll. If the driver loses the receipt, they are charged with the maximum possible toll. If the receipt is more than 24 hours old, the driver must present the toll attendant with a reasonable explanation.
Steps are taken to reduce evasion of toll by adding enclosed separate service areas in each direction and prohibiting U-turns. Additionally, every vehicle is being monitored by video cameras at the toll gates.
Shunpiking is a widely accepted practice for commuters driving what would otherwise be a short stretch of tolled highway. Because of the price of monthly and yearly smart cards, many commuters from outer exurbs use state routes.
There are also reduced rates for transport companies, which should prevent heavy traffic along regional roads. Hrvatske ceste, the Croatian state road authority, imposes additional fees for trucking companies that frequently use a route.
Non-cash toll payment
Not counting cash and credit cards, there are several ways to pay toll on Croatian motorways:[22]
- Smart card, a nonrefundable and unexpiring prepaid toll card showed to the toll attendant. As of 2013, a HAC smart card costs 30 kn. Additional toll may be prepaid at owner's will. The smart card enacts a 10% discount on toll when used. It is not recommended to use the smart card for paying less than 200 kn in toll. 200 kn equals to a round-trip in relation Zagreb - Zadar. Smart card must be purchased pre-paying at least 100 kn of toll. Additional money can be added to the toll account at any time. The HAC smart card has recently been refitted to allow use by flashing the card in front of a magnetic card reader.
- seasonal smart card offers a significantly higher discount rate of 23.5% usable during specified five months. Unused amount upon expiry of these five months will be used with the standard, 10% discount. As of August 2007, a class I vehicle seasonal smart card costs 1200 kn. The full amount is submitted to the toll account.[23]
- ENC (Elektronička naplata cestarine) is an electronic toll collection system. As of August 2007, the transponder costs 122 kn and a 10% discount on tolls is available. The user must pre-pay at least 90 kn of toll at purchase. Additional money can be added to the toll account at any time. ENC is usually recommended only for at least 10 longer journeys across Croatia. In the tourist season, ENC can drastically shorten wait times on large toll plazas with dedicated ENC lanes (especially toll plaza Lučko in Zagreb).[24] ENC has been criticized for incompatibility among motorway concessioners and often malfunctions.[25]
See also
- Transport in Croatia
- Hrvatske autoceste
- Autocesta Rijeka - Zagreb
- BINA Istra
- Autocesta Zagreb - Macelj
- Hrvatske ceste
Maps
- ↑ Overview map of the A1 (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
- ↑ Overview map of the A2 (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
- ↑ Overview map of the A3 (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
- ↑ Overview map of the A4 (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
- ↑ Overview map of the A5 (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
- ↑ Overview map of the A6 (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
- ↑ Overview map of the A7 (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
- ↑ Overview map of the A8 (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
- ↑ Overview map of the A9 (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
- ↑ Overview map of the A10 (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved July 7, 2013.
- ↑ Overview map of the A11 (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
References
- 1 2 Croatian Parliament (2004-12-18). "Zakon o javnim cestama (Public Roads Act)" (in Croatian). Narodne novine. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Ministry of Sea, Transport and Infrastructure (Croatia) (May 10, 2013). "Odluka o razvrstavanju javnih cesta" [Decision on categorization of public roads]. Narodne novine (in Croatian) (066/2013).
- 1 2 Ministry of Sea, Transport and Infrastructure (Croatia) (2003-05-06). "Regulation on markings of motorways, their chainage, interchanges and rest areas" (in Croatian). Narodne novine. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
- ↑ Croatian Parliament (2008-06-09). "Zakon o sigurnosti prometa na cestama" (in Croatian). Narodne novine 2008-67. čl. 2, t. 1, st. 3. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
- ↑ "Mreža autocesta". huka.hr (in Croatian). Croatian Association of Motorway Concessionaires (HUKA). 2014. Retrieved 2014-08-11.
- ↑ "Odluka o razvrstavanju javnih cesta u autoceste" [Decision on classification of public roads as motorways]. Narodne Novine (in Croatian). July 25, 2007. Retrieved October 18, 2010.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Odluka o izmjenama i dopunama odluke o razvrstavanju javnih cesta u autoceste" [Decision on amendments and additions to the Decision on classification of public roads as motorways]. Narodne Novine (in Croatian). January 30, 2009. Retrieved October 18, 2010.
- 1 2 "Regulation on motorway markings, chainage, interchange/exit/rest area numbers and names". Narodne novine (in Croatian). April 24, 2003.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Public roads construction and maintenance program 2009 - 2012" (PDF). HUKA (in Croatian). December 11, 2009. Retrieved September 6, 2010.
- ↑ Kate Šutalo (May 11, 2009). "Sanader opens Dubrovnik motorway works". Jutarnji list (in Croatian). Retrieved September 7, 2010.
- 1 2 "No funds for Križišće - Žuta Lokva motorway". Novi list (in Croatian). March 12, 2010.
- ↑ "Full profile motorway construction plan". BINA Istra. May 15, 2010. Retrieved September 20, 2010.
- ↑ "Second phase of Istrian Upsilon, p.5" (PDF). Građevinar. June 15, 2010.
- ↑ Silvana Fable (June 20, 2010). "Istra dobila prve kilometre autoceste. I cestarinu također" [Istria got the first kilometers of motorways. And toll charges too.] (in Croatian). Jutarnji list. Retrieved July 3, 2011.
- ↑ "The works must be finished by touristic season or suspended". Večernji list (in Croatian). April 9, 2010.
- 1 2 "Solin - Klis expressway closed from 5am to 1pm due to road works". Slobodna Dalmacija (in Croatian). June 5, 2010.
- ↑ "Trogir - Omiš expressway construction resumed". Nova TV (in Croatian). November 6, 2006.
- ↑ "Šibenik - Drniš - Knin - Bosnia and Herzegovina border expressway". Građevinar (in Croatian). March 28, 2008.
- ↑ "Kalmeta officially opens Zadar 2 - Gaženica four lane expressway". eZadar (in Croatian). November 6, 2007.
- ↑ "The motorway approaches Dubrovnik". Dubrovački List (in Croatian). December 27, 2008.
- ↑ "Dalmatina opens gates of Dalmatia". Slobodna Dalmacija (in Croatian). July 1, 2003.
- ↑ "Smart kartica" (in Croatian). Hrvatske autoceste. Retrieved 2013-08-21.
- ↑ "Seasonal subscription" (PowerPoint). Hrvatske autoceste. Retrieved 2010-09-02.
- ↑ "Electronic toll collection - ETC". Hrvatske autoceste. Retrieved 2010-09-02.
- ↑ Đečević, Jasmin (2008-07-25). "Elektronska naplata cestarine vozačima stvorila probleme". Večernji list (in Croatian). Retrieved 2008-07-29.
External links
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