Erskine, Minnesota
| Erskine, Minnesota | |
|---|---|
| City | |
|
Downtown Erskine in 2007 | |
 Location of Erskine, Minnesota | |
| Coordinates: 47°40′0″N 96°0′36″W / 47.66667°N 96.01000°WCoordinates: 47°40′0″N 96°0′36″W / 47.66667°N 96.01000°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Minnesota |
| County | Polk |
| Area[1] | |
| • Total | 1.01 sq mi (2.62 km2) |
| • Land | 0.68 sq mi (1.76 km2) |
| • Water | 0.33 sq mi (0.85 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,191 ft (363 m) |
| Population (2010)[2] | |
| • Total | 503 |
| • Estimate (2013[3]) | 493 |
| • Density | 739.7/sq mi (285.6/km2) |
| Time zone | Central (CST) (UTC-6) |
| • Summer (DST) | CDT (UTC-5) |
| ZIP code | 56535 |
| Area code(s) | 218 |
| FIPS code | 27-19700 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0643405[4] |
Erskine is a city in Polk County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 503 at the 2010 census.[5] It is part of the Grand Forks ND-MN Metropolitan Statistical Area.
History
Erskine was laid out in 1889, and named for John Quincy Erskine, a Minnesota banker.[6] A post office has been in operation at Erskine since 1889.[7]
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.01 square miles (2.62 km2), of which 0.68 square miles (1.76 km2) is land and 0.33 square miles (0.85 km2) is water.[1]
Demographics
| Historical population | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1900 | 156 | — | |
| 1910 | 324 | 107.7% | |
| 1920 | 457 | 41.0% | |
| 1930 | 511 | 11.8% | |
| 1940 | 581 | 13.7% | |
| 1950 | 608 | 4.6% | |
| 1960 | 614 | 1.0% | |
| 1970 | 571 | −7.0% | |
| 1980 | 585 | 2.5% | |
| 1990 | 424 | −27.5% | |
| 2000 | 437 | 3.1% | |
| 2010 | 503 | 15.1% | |
| Est. 2014 | 490 | [8] | −2.6% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[9] 2013 Estimate[10] | |||
The population of Erskine was more than 800 in the 1920s. It hovered above 600 until the late 1960s, dipped to 571 (1970) and 585 (1980), and then plunged to 424 (1990), 428 (1995), and 437 (2000).
2010 census
As of the census[2] of 2010, there were 503 people, 234 households, and 131 families residing in the city. The population density was 739.7 inhabitants per square mile (285.6/km2). There were 273 housing units at an average density of 401.5 per square mile (155.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 94.8% White, 0.4% African American, 2.2% Native American, 0.2% Asian, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.0% of the population.
There were 234 households of which 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.6% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 44.0% were non-families. 41.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 24% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.15 and the average family size was 2.88.
The median age in the city was 38 years. 25.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.4% were from 25 to 44; 18.2% were from 45 to 64; and 23.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.9% male and 50.1% female.
2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 437 people, 203 households, and 111 families residing in the city. The population density was 590.0 people per square mile (228.0/km²). There were 250 housing units with an average density of 337.5 per square mile (130.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 91.99% White, 0.23% African American, 5.49% Native American, and 2.29% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.23% of the population. The ethnicity of Erskine residents was as follows *: · Norwegian - 48% · German - 13% · Swedish - 12% · Chippewa - 4% · American Indian tribes, specified - 4% · Irish - 4% · Russian - 3% · Danish - 3% · French (except Basque) - 2% · Scottish - 2% · American Indian tribes, not specified - 2% · Italian - 1% · English - 1% · Scandinavian - 1%
Out of the 203 households, 25.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.9% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.3% were non-families. 42.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 25.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.15 and the average family size was 2.95.
In the city the population was spread out with 25.6% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 20.4% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 26.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 84.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.6 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $26,771, and the median income for a family was $35,278. Males had a median income of $33,333 versus $19,375 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,122. About 17.3% of families and 18.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 37.8% of those under age 18 and 7.3% of those age 65 or over.
Culture
Downtown Erskine, c. 1910
Erskine's town festival is known as the Erskine Water Carnival, and is held in early June. The Erskine Fish, the concrete statue that is the world's largest Northern Pike and the town's principal tourist attraction, is located on a grassy lawn in a small park on the shore of Cameron Lake, just down the street from downtown Erskine. It is the hometown of actress and singer Jamie Foss, winner of 2004's Superstar USA. In addition, it is the center of a community of Russian Old Believers estimated at between 50 and 100 families. The Old Believers began moving to Erskine around 1998 in order to escape a farming crisis and suburban sprawl which threatened their community near Woodburn, Oregon.
Parks, recreation and public facilities
The Rydell National Wildlife Refuge is located along County Road 238 approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Erskine and 2½ miles south of U.S. Highway 2. The Oak Lake Golf Course is located just east of town at the intersection of Highway 2 and U.S. Highway 59. The best local resort and fishing areas are Maple Lake, a lake near Mentor, Minnesota, and Maple Bay, Minnesota, as well as Union Lake and Lake Sarah, located a few miles south of Erskine. Like many other lakes in other towns, Erskine's sewage was dumped into Cameron Lake until the Clean Water Act of 1970 forced the town to redirect its sewage to the new sewer plant near Badger Lake. Former residents and old-timers will recall that the shores of Cameron Lake were littered with dead fish in the old days. Today, the lake is much cleaner, and with the rising costs of lakeshore property in the area, there is an increase in development on the lakeshore.
Schools
Erskine is served by a consolidated multi-community K–12 school district known as "Win-E-Mac" (which represents McIntosh, Minnesota and Winger, Minnesota in addition to Erskine). A vocational and technical college is located in Thief River Falls. The nearest four-year colleges in the vicinity include a branch campus of the University of Minnesota in Crookston and Bemidji State University in Bemidji, in addition to the University of North Dakota in Grand Forks and North Dakota State University in Fargo.
Media
Telephone and internet service
The oldest telephone cooperative in the state, Garden Valley Telephone Company, is headquartered in Erskine and serves most of northwestern Minnesota. It was formed to provide telephone coverage to the region at a time when it was difficult to get telephone service to the area. Garden Valley Telephone Company now provides internet service, although other ISPs also serve the area. The Erskine telephone prefix is 687, formerly Murray 7, with the area code being 218.
Newspapers
Erskine is home to the Erskine Echo, a weekly newspaper which began publishing before 1900. Other available weekly newspapers include the McIntosh Times and The 13 Towns (published in Fosston for the 13 townships of eastern Polk County). Area daily newspapers include the Crookston Times (Crookston), Grand Forks Herald (Grand Forks, North Dakota), The Forum (Fargo, North Dakota), The Bemidji Pioneer (Bemidji), and the Star Tribune (Minneapolis), available via subscription or in vendor boxes.
Radio and television
Erskine has no radio or television stations, but nearby Fosston is home to three radio stations. Other radio and television stations from Bemidji, Crookston, Thief River Falls, Grand Forks, Fargo, and Winnipeg can be picked up in Erskine.
Transportation
Roads and highways
Erskine is located just west of the intersection of U.S. Highway 59 and four-lane U.S. Highway 2, and is situated approximately 60 miles (97 km) east of Interstate Highway 29 at Grand Forks, N.D., and 105 miles (169 km) north of Interstate Highway 94 at Fergus Falls, Minn.
Air transport
The nearest airports with commercial service are Bemidji (55 miles (89 km) east), Thief River Falls (35 miles (56 km) north) and Grand Forks (60 miles (97 km) west). An uninstrumented grass airfield known as the Erskine Airport was in operation from 1954 until the early 1970s, but no longer exists. Nearby Fosston (12 miles (19 km) east) and Crookston (20 miles (32 km) west) both have private aviation airfields.
Rail transport
Located at the historic junction of the Great Northern Railway and the Soo Line Railroad, Erskine formerly appeared prominently on many national railroad maps and atlases which omitted much larger cities and towns in the vicinity. Both lines are still in place today, with the Great Northern tracks now owned by the BNSF Railway and the Soo Line tracks owned by the Canadian Pacific Railway. Erskine's freight depot, while still standing, is closed for business, and rail passenger service was discontinued many years ago.
Bus services
Greyhound Bus Lines no longer serves Erskine, but Jefferson Lines has taken over the Fargo-Minneapolis route previously served by Greyhound. The Tri-Valley Heartland Express Bus provides scheduled weekly or bi-weekly service to Crookston, Bemidji, Thief River Falls and other destinations for seniors and others on an advance reservation basis.
Business and manufacturing
Historic businesses
Prior to 1980, Erskine's primary function was as a service community for the local agricultural community. In the early 1900s, the town boasted four grain elevators, an ice plant, a lumber mill and several blacksmith shops. Even as late as 1980, the town businesses included a grain elevator, a creamery, a lumber yard, a fuel delivery service, and several farm implement dealers, junkyards and repair shops. As family farming in the area declined, the agricultural services component has diminished as larger growers took their supply and services business to larger communities.
Erskine Manufacturing aka Erskine Attachments
Erskine continues as the home of Erskine Attachments, formerly known as Erskine Manufacturing Company, established in 1948. The company began as a manufacturer of heavy equipment snowblowers and grain hitch elevators before changing its name to Erskine Attachments when it began manufacturing a line of Skid Steer Attachments for the Ingersoll Rand Bobcat company. Now private, Erskine Attachments manufactures more than 40 skid steer attachments including brush mowers, snowblowers, blades, buckets, grapples, post drivers, stump grinders, tree shears, and others that fit all skid steers and some front end loaders that utilize the skid steer style quick attach mechanism. Erskine Attachments was used as a pilot for the Minnesota JOBZ incentive program to revitalize Minnesota's manufacturing opportunities and has been referenced for its continuance as a viable success story.
Other businesses
Other significant employers include Garden Valley Telephone Company and the Pioneer Memorial Care Center, a nursing home and retirement community. In 2008, Crookston-based Agassiz Energy, LLC, announced that it had postponed indefinitely its plans for a $58.5 million ethanol plant at the junction of the former Great Northern and Soo Line railroads, near the interchange of U.S. Routes 59 and 2. *
References
- 1 2 "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-11-13.
- 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-11-13.
- ↑ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2014-06-09.
- ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ↑ "2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File". American FactFinder. U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census. Retrieved 23 April 2011.
- ↑ Upham, Warren (1920). Minnesota Geographic Names: Their Origin and Historic Significance. Minnesota Historical Society. p. 423.
- ↑ "Polk County". Jim Forte Postal History. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
- ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ↑ United States Census Bureau. "Census of Population and Housing". Retrieved September 11, 2013.
- ↑ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2013". Retrieved June 9, 2014.
External links
- City of Erskine Official Website
- Rydell National Wildlife Refuge Official Site
- Click here and Page Down to "Elena's Place" for an Interview with an Erskine Old Believer
- A 1999 Article Explaining How and Why the Old Believers moved to Erskine
- For a photograph and description of the "World's Largest Fish"
- For another photograph of the "Erskine Pike"
- For information concerning Tri-Valley Corporation Heartland Express Bus( dead link ? )
- Garden Valley Telephone Company website
- For a recent photograph of the Erskine Great Northern Railway Depot, see
- Erskine Attachments Company website
- Win-E-Mac School District website
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