Elseworlds

Elseworlds was the publication imprint for American comic books produced by DC Comics, in which stories take place outside the DC Universe canon. The Gotham by Gaslight graphic novel, featuring Batman, is considered to be the first official Elseworlds story.^[1] The "Elseworlds" name was trademarked in 1989, the same year as the first Elseworlds publication.

History

Imaginary Stories

From 1942 to the mid-1980s, particularly during the 1960s — the Silver Age of Comic Books era — DC Comics began to make a distinction between the continuity of its fictional universe and stories with plots that did not fit that continuity. These out-of-continuity stories eventually came to be called Imaginary Stories.

The title page of the first reprint version of "Superman, Cartoon Hero!" stated that the story was "Our first imaginary story", and continued to said: "In 1942, a series of Superman shorts started showing throughout the U.S.! So, with tongue firmly in cheek, the DC team turned out this story of what might have happened if Lois Lane had decided to see... Superman, Cartoon Hero!". The original printing was worded differently and gave no impression that the story was any more or less than a "real" Superman story.

"Superman, Cartoon Hero!" opens with Lois determined to learn Superman's secret identity and going to the theater to see the Max Fleisher Superman short "Mad Scientist" in hopes of seeing the animated Man of Steel reveal his true self. In addition to other things, when the opening credits roll and state that the cartoons are based on DC Comics, Lois Lane states that she has never heard of DC Comics. Clark Kent then wonders if the people there are clairvoyant. In the final panel, Clark Kent exchanges a knowing wink with the image of himself as Superman on the movie screen.

Craig Shutt, author of the Comics Buyer's Guide column Ask Mr. Silver Age, states that true imaginary stories differed from stories that were dreams and hoaxes. Dreams and hoaxes were "gyps" on account of "not having happened" whilst true imaginary stories were canonical at least unto themselves. Also, since they were "just" imaginary and thus had no bearing on the characters’ regular stories, imaginary stories could show things like people dying and the victory of evil. In the optimistic and hopeful Silver Age of Comics, such stories usually wouldn't be told; this was hinted with writers telling readers how such an Imaginary Story often reassured the readers that it didn't really happen.

Most of these imaginary stories featured alternate histories of characters, such as "The Amazing Story of Superman-Red and Superman Blue!". There, readers saw possible pasts that could have happened, but did not happen. One such story has Superman being raised by apes in imitation of Tarzan, an idea that would be recycled into a later Elseworlds tale where Tarzan and Superman were switched at birth. Possible present times were shown, such as one story where Jonathan and Martha Kent, touched by pity, adopt a recently orphaned Bruce Wayne and raise him along with their own son, Clark. Thus, the present shows Superman and Batman as brothers, with Clark protecting Gotham and working for the Gotham Gazette instead of living in Metropolis, and Batman inviting his foster parents, the Kents, to live with him in Wayne Manor. In keeping with the fact that imaginary stories allowed for much grimmer stories that usual, the story ended with Lex Luthor killing the Kents and Batman trying to murder him in revenge.

Possible futures that "could very well happen" were explored, such as Clark Kent revealing to Lois Lane his secret identity and marrying her. Futures that "perhaps never will" happen were also examined such as the permanent death of Superman. Imaginary Stories appeared often enough that sometimes comics, such as Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane #15 (February 1960) — the cover of which appears to depict Superman marrying Lois Lane — had to assure readers that their contents were not "imaginary".

A few Imaginary Stories appeared in other DC publications. Batman editor Jack Schiff supervised stories in which the Dark Knight starts a family or loses his identity, though these are revealed at the end of the story to be stories written by Alfred. Schiff's stories are notable for the first appearance of the original Bruce Wayne Junior. Writer/editor Robert Kanigher supervised Wonder Woman's own series of Imaginary Stories called Impossible Tales which featured the same principle. There, Wonder Woman appeared along with her younger selves, Wonder Girl and Wonder Tot. However, the majority of Imaginary Stories were published in various Superman comics under the guidance of Superman editor Mort Weisinger, the "King of Imaginary Stories". This was in part because, according to Shutt, Weisinger aimed for younger readers instead of older ones. Later editors such as Julius Schwartz rarely used the Imaginary Stories concept.

Alan Moore's "Whatever Happened to the Man of Tomorrow?" two-part story in Superman #423 and Action Comics #583 in 1986 was the last pre-Crisis story to use the Imaginary Stories label.

Elseworlds imprint

The first Elseworlds title was Batman: Gotham by Gaslight (1989), written by Brian Augustyn and drawn by Mike Mignola, which featured a Victorian Age version of the superhero Batman hunting Jack the Ripper, who had come to Gotham City. The title was not originally published as an Elseworlds comic, but its success led to the creation of the Elseworlds imprint and this title was retroactively declared the first Elseworlds story.^[1] The first book to feature the Elseworlds logo was Batman: Holy Terror in 1991. In 1994, the Elseworlds imprint was used as the theme for the annual edition comic books of that summer.

DC sporadically published various Elseworlds titles from 1989 to 2003. In August 2003, editor Mike Carlin mentioned that DC had scaled back the production of Elseworlds books in order to "put the luster back on them."^[2] Several titles that were announced as Elseworlds books prior to this, such as Superman & Batman: Generations 4 and The Teen Titans Swingin' Elseworlds Special, were cancelled. The planned Teen Titans tale was eventually released in January 2008 as the Teen Titans Lost Annual.^[3]

In September 2009, Dan DiDio revealed the return of the Elseworlds imprint as a series of Prestige Format books, with the approach of taking the basic concepts and origins of DC characters and twisting them in various ways.^[4] The only Elseworlds story released under the initiative was the three-issue mini-series Superman: The Last Family of Krypton, published from August to October 2010, which told the story of baby Kal-El reaching Earth with his mother and father and how the world handles the emergence of a super-powered family.^[5]

Relationship to DC continuity

Although the Elseworlds imprint was created to feature stories separate from DC continuity, concepts from various Elseworlds stories have been incorporated into DC continuity at various times.

The Kingdom mini-series in 1999 brought the Kingdom Come mini-series into DC continuity as part of a series of alternate timelines known as "Hypertime", which included some of the alternate worlds depicted in various Elseworlds titles. However, an editorial edict in 2005 removed the concept of Hypertime from DC continuity.

A new Multiverse was introduced at the conclusion of the 52 weekly series and includes alternate worlds that were seen in various Elseworlds titles.

See also

• List of Elseworlds publications
• Canon (fiction)
• Hypertime
• Multiverse (DC Comics)
• What If...?, a similar concept at Marvel Comics
• Intercompany crossovers

References

External links

• Timeline
• Index of Characters and Publications
• Fanpage
• Alternity
• Elseworlds at the Comic Book DB