List of vegetables
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This is a list of plants that have a culinary role as vegetables. "Vegetable" can be used in several senses, including culinary, botanical and legal. This list includes botanical fruits such as pumpkins, and does not include herbs, spices, cereals and most culinary fruits and culinary nuts. Edible fungi are not included in this list.
Legal vegetables are defined for regulatory, tax and other purposes. An example would include the tomato, which is a botanical berry, but a culinary vegetable according to United States law. (The United States also considers tomato sauce on pizza a vegetable for serving size purposes in school lunches in the US.[1])
Some culinary vegetables such as laver are not even members of the plant kingdom.
Leafy and salad vegetables
Main article: List of leaf vegetables
Garden Cress
Iceberg lettuce field in northern Santa Barbara County.
Spinach in flower
Miner's lettuce
| Species name | |
| Amaranth | Amaranthus cruentus |
| Arugula | Eruca sativa |
| Beet greens | Beta vulgaris vulgaris |
| Bok choy (白菜) | Brassica rapa (chinensis) |
| Borage greens | Borago officinalis |
| Broccolini (leaves / stalks) | Brassica oleracea |
| Brussels sprout | Brassica oleracea (gemmifera) |
| Cabbage | Brassica oleracea (capitata) |
| Catsear | Hypochaeris radicata |
| Celery | Apium graveolens |
| Celtuce | Lactuca sativa (asparagina) |
| Chaya | Cnidoscolus aconitifolius aconitifolius |
| Chickweed | Stellaria |
| Chicory | Cichorium intybus |
| Chinese mallow | Malva verticillata |
| Chrysanthemum (leaves) | Chrysanthemum coronarium |
| Collard greens | Brassica oleracea |
| Common purslane | Portulaca oleracea |
| Corn salad | Valerianella locusta |
| Cress | Lepidium sativum |
| Dandelion | Taraxacum officinale |
| Dill | Anethum graveolens |
| Endive | Cichorium endivia |
| Fat hen | Chenopodium album |
| Fiddlehead | Pteridium aquilinum Athyrium esculentum |
| Fluted pumpkin | Telfairia occidentalis |
| Garden rocket | Eruca sativa |
| Golden samphire | Inula crithmoides |
| Good King Henry | Chenopodium bonus-henricus |
| Grape (leaves) | Vitis |
| Greater plantain | Plantago major |
| Kai-lan (芥蘭 Gai lan) | Brassica rapa (alboglabra) |
| Kale | Brassica oleracea (acephala) |
| Komatsuna | Brassica rapa (pervidis / komatsuna) |
| Kuka | Adansonia |
| Lagos bologi | Talinum fruticosum |
| Lamb's lettuce | Valerianella locusta |
| Lamb's quarters | Chenopodium album |
| Land cress | Barbarea verna |
| Lettuce | Lactuca sativa |
| Lizard's tail | Houttuynia cordata |
| Malabar spinach | Basella alba |
| Melokhia | Corchorus olitorius Corchorus capsularis |
| Miner's lettuce (Winter purslane) | Claytonia perfoliata |
| Mizuna greens | Brassica rapa (nipposinica) |
| Mustard | Sinapis alba |
| Napa cabbage (召菜 Siu choi) | Brassica rapa (pekinensis) |
| New Zealand Spinach | Tetragonia tetragonioides |
| Orache | Atriplex hortensis |
| Pak choy (白菜 Bok choy) | Brassica rapa (chinensis) |
| Paracress | Acmella oleracea |
| Pea sprouts / leaves | Pisum sativum |
| Poke | Phytolacca americana |
| Radicchio | Cichorium intybus |
| Rapini (broccoli rabe) | Brassica rapa rapa |
| Samphire | Crithmum maritimum |
| Sculpit / Stridolo | Silene inflata |
| Sea beet | Beta vulgaris maritima |
| Sea kale | Crambe maritima |
| Sierra Leone bologi | Crassocephalum |
| Soko | Celosia argentea |
| Sorrel | Rumex acetosa |
| Sour cabbage | Brassica oleracea |
| Spinach | Spinacia oleracea |
| Summer purslane | Portulaca oleracea |
| Swiss chard | Beta vulgaris cicla (flavescens) |
| Tatsoi | Brassica rapa (rosularis) |
| Turnip greens | Brassica rapa (rapifera) |
| Watercress | Nasturtium officinale |
| Water spinach | Ipomoea aquatica |
| Wheatgrass | Triticum aestivum |
| Yarrow | Achillea millefolium |
| Yao choy (油菜 Yu choy) | Brassica napus |
Fruits
See also: List of gourds and squashes
| Species name | |
| Avocado | Persea americana |
| Bell pepper | Capsicum annuum |
| Bitter melon Bitter gourd | Momordica charantia |
| Chayote | Sechium edule |
| Cucumber | Cucumis sativus |
| Ivy gourd | Coccinia grandis |
| Eggplant / Aubergine / Brinjal | Solanum melongena |
| Luffa | Luffa cylindrica |
| Olive fruit | Olea europaea |
| Pumpkin | Cucurbita |
| Squash | Cucurbita |
| Sweet pepper | Capsicum annuum (grossum) |
| Tinda | Praecitrullus fistulosus |
| Tomatillo | Physalis philadelphica |
| Tomato | Solanum lycopersicum |
| Vanilla | Vanilla |
| West Indian gherkin | Cucumis anguria |
| Winter melon | Benincasa hispida |
| Zucchini / Courgette / Marrow | Cucurbita pepo |
Flowers and flower buds
Main article: Edible flowers
Globe artichokes being cooked
| Species name | |
| Artichoke | Cynara cardunculus / scolymus |
| Broccoli | Brassica oleracea |
| Broccolini flowers | Brassica oleracea |
| Caper | Capparis spinosa |
| Cauliflower | Brassica oleracea |
| Daylily[2] | Hemerocallis fulva |
| Courgette flowers | Cucurbita |
| Squash blossoms | Cucurbita |
Podded vegetables
See also: Types of beans
"Common bean", "kidney bean", "haricot bean", "pinto bean", "navy bean", and "green bean" are all varieties of the species Phaseolus vulgaris.
Varieties of soybeans are used for many purposes.
| Species name | |
| American groundnut | Apios americana |
| Azuki bean | Vigna angularis |
| Black-eyed pea | Vigna unguiculata unguiculata |
| Chickpea | Cicer arietinum |
| Common bean | Phaseolus vulgaris |
| Drumstick | Moringa oleifera |
| Dolichos bean | Lablab purpureus |
| Fava bean | Vicia faba |
| Garbanzo | Cicer arietinum |
| Green bean (French bean) | Phaseolus vulgaris |
| Guar | Cyamopsis tetragonoloba |
| Horse gram | Macrotyloma uniflorum |
| Indian pea | Lathyrus sativus |
| Lentil | Lens culinaris |
| Lima bean | Phaseolus lunatus |
| Moth bean | Vigna acontifolia |
| Mung bean | Vigna radiata |
| Okra | Abelmoschus esculentus |
| Pea | Pisum sativum |
| Peanut | Arachis hypogaea |
| Pigeon pea | Cajanus cajan |
| Ricebean | Vigna umbellata |
| Runner bean | Phaseolus coccineus |
| Snap pea (sugarsnap, mangetout) | Pisum sativum (macrocarpon) |
| Snow pea (mangetout) | Pisum sativum (saccharatum) |
| Soybean | Glycine max |
| Tarwi (Tarhui / Chocho) | Lupinus mutabilis |
| Tepary bean | Phaseolus acutifolius |
| Urad bean | Vigna mungo |
| Velvet bean | Mucuna pruriens |
| Winged bean | Psophocarpus tetragonolobus |
| Yardlong bean | Vigna unguiculata (sesquipedalis) |
Bulb and stem vegetables
Garlic bulbs and individual cloves, one peeled.
| Species name | |
| Asparagus | Asparagus officinalis |
| Cardoon | Cynara cardunculus |
| Celeriac | Apium graveolens (rapaceum) |
| Celery | Apium graveolens |
| Chives | Allium schoenoprasum |
| Elephant garlic | Allium ampeloprasum (ampeloprasum) |
| Florence fennel | Foeniculum vulgare (dulce) |
| Garlic | Allium sativum |
| Garlic chives | Allium tuberosum |
| Kohlrabi | Brassica oleracea (gongylodes) |
| Kurrat | Allium ampeloprasum (kurrat) |
| Lemongrass | Cymbopogon citratus |
| Leek | Allium porrum |
| Lotus root | Nelumbo nucifera |
| Nopal | Opuntia ficus-indica |
| Onion | Allium cepa |
| Pearl onion | Allium ampeloprasum (sectivum) |
| Potato onion | Allium cepa (aggregatum) |
| Prussian asparagus | Ornithogalum pyrenaicum |
| Spring onion / Scallion | Allium wakegi |
| Shallot | Allium cepa (aggregatum) |
| Tree onion[3] | Allium × proliferum |
| Welsh onion | Allium fistulosum |
| Wild leek | Allium tricoccum |
Root and tuberous vegetables
Main article: List of root vegetables
Carrots come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colors.
The potato is one of the world's staple foods.
| Species name | |
| Ahipa | Pachyrhizus ahipa |
| Arracacha | Arracacia xanthorrhiza |
| Bamboo shoot | Bambusa vulgaris Phyllostachys edulis |
| Beetroot | Beta vulgaris vulgaris |
| Burdock | Arctium lappa |
| Broadleaf arrowhead | Sagittaria latifolia |
| Camas | Camassia |
| Canna | Canna |
| Carrot | Daucus carota |
| Cassava | Manihot esculenta |
| Chinese artichoke | Stachys affinis |
| Daikon | Raphanus sativus (longipinnatus) |
| Earthnut pea | Lathyrus tuberosus |
| Elephant foot yam | Amorphophallus paeoniifolius |
| Ensete | Ensete ventricosum |
| Galangal | Alpinia galanga |
| Ginger | Zingiber officinale |
| Hamburg parsley | Petroselinum crispum tuberosum |
| Horseradish | Armoracia rusticana |
| Jerusalem artichoke | Helianthus tuberosus |
| Jícama | Pachyrhizus erosus |
| Mashua | Tropaeolum tuberosum |
| Parsnip | Pastinaca sativa |
| Pignut | Conopodium majus |
| Potato | Solanum tuberosum |
| Prairie turnip | Psoralea esculenta |
| Radish | Raphanus sativus |
| Rutabaga | Brassica napus (napobrassica) |
| Salsify | Tragopogon porrifolius |
| Scorzonera | Scorzonera hispanica |
| Skirret | Sium sisarum |
| Swede | Brassica napus (napobrassica) |
| Sweet potato (Kumara) | Ipomoea batatas |
| Taro | Colocasia esculenta |
| Ti | Cordyline fruticosa |
| Tigernut | Cyperus esculentus |
| Turmeric | Curcuma longa |
| Turnip | Brassica rapa (rapifera) |
| Ulluco | Ullucus tuberosus |
| Wasabi | Wasabia japonica |
| Water caltrop | Trapa natans Trapa bicornis |
| Water chestnut | Eleocharis dulcis |
| Yacón | Smallanthus sonchifolius |
| Yam | Dioscorea [4] |
Sea vegetables
| Species name | |
| Aonori | Monostroma Enteromorpha |
| Arame | Eisenia bicyclis |
| Carola | Callophyllis variegata |
| Dabberlocks (Badderlocks) | Alaria esculenta |
| Dulse (Dillisk) | Palmaria palmata |
| Hijiki | Hizikia fusiformis |
| Kombu | Laminaria japonica |
| Laver / Gim | Porphyra |
| Mozuku | Cladosiphon okamuranus |
| Nori | Porphyra |
| Ogonori | Gracilaria |
| Sea grape | Caulerpa |
| Sea lettuce | Ulva lactuca |
| Wakame | Undaria pinnatifida |
See also
- Herbs
- Vegetable juice
- List of culinary fruits
- List of leaf vegetables
- List of vegetable dishes
- List of foods
References
- ↑ "Tomato sauce on pizza is a vegetable, says Congress; GOP says healthier school lunches are too expensive". Daily News (New York). November 16, 2011. Retrieved 2011-11-21.
- ↑ Used dried or fresh in Chinese cuisine; see Meredith, Leda. "How to Sustainably Harvest and Eat Delicious Daylilies". Mother Earth News. Mother Earth News. Retrieved 8 July 2014.
- ↑ Also known as the Egyptian Walking Onion due to its ability spread easily to other parts of gardens.
- ↑ "Everyday Mysteries: Yam". Library of Congress, United States of America. 2011.
External links
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