Earl of Lancaster
The title of Earl of Lancaster was created in the Peerage of England in 1267, merging in the crown in 1399. See also Duke of Lancaster.
Earls of Lancaster (1267)
| Portrait | Name | Earl From | Earl Until | Relationship with Predecessor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Edmund Crouchback 1st Earl of Lancaster | 30 June 1267 | 5 June 1296 | |
 | Thomas of Lancaster 2nd Earl of Lancaster | 8 September 1298 | 22 March 1322 | Son of Edmund Crouchback |
| Henry of Lancaster 3rd Earl of Lancaster | 26 October 1326 | 22 September 1345 | Brother of Thomas of Lancaster, son of Edmund Crouchback | |
%2C_f.8_-_BL_Stowe_MS_594_(cropped).jpg) | Henry of Grosmont 4th Earl, 1st Duke of Lancaster[a] | 22 September 1345 | 23 March 1361 | Son of Henry of Lancaster |
 | John of Gaunt 5th Earl, 1st Duke of Lancaster[a] | 14 August 1361 | 3 February 1399 | Son-in-law of Henry of Grosmont |
.jpg) | Henry Bolingbroke 6th Earl, 2nd Duke of Lancaster | 3 February 1399 | 30 September 1399 | Son of John of Gaunt |
Family Tree
Family Tree: Earls and Dukes of Lancaster
| King Henry III (1207–r.1216–1272) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| EARL OF LANCASTER, 1267 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| King Edward I (1239–r.1272–1307) | Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster (1245–1296) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| King Edward II (1284–r.1307–1327) | Thomas of Lancaster, 2nd Earl of Lancaster (1278–1322) | Henry of Lancaster, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (1281–1345) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| DUKE OF LANCASTER, 1351 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| King Edward III (1312–r.1327–1377) | Henry of Grosmont, 4th Earl, 1st Duke of Lancaster (c.1310–1361) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| DUKE OF LANCASTER, 1362 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| John of Gaunt, 5th Earl, 1st Duke of Lancaster (1340–1399) | Blanche of Lancaster (1345–1368) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Henry Bolingbroke, 6th Earl, 2nd Duke of Lancaster King Henry IV (1367–r.1399–1413) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| DUKE OF LANCASTER, 1399 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Henry of Monmouth, 1st Duke of Lancaster King Henry V (1386–r.1413–1422) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| King Henry VI (1421–1471, r.1422–61, 1470–71) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
See also
Notes
a. ^ Both Henry of Grosmont and John of Gaunt are listed as the 1st Duke of Lancaster. This is because the Dukedom could only be passed down to a son; when Henry of Grosmont died on 23 March 1361, the Earldom passed to his son-in-law John of Gaunt but the Dukedom expired. A new Dukedom with the identical name was created for John of Gaunt on 13 November 1362 by his Father, Edward III.
Sources
- Castor, Helen (2000). The King, the Crown, and the Duchy of Lancaster: Public Authority and Private Power, 1399-1461. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 8–21. ISBN 0-19-820622-4.
- Fowler, Kenneth Alan (1969). The King's Lieutenant: Henry of Grosmont, First Duke of Lancaster, 1310-1361. London. ISBN 0-236-30812-2.
- Given-Wilson, C. (June 1994). "Richard II, Edward II, and the Lancastrian Inheritance". The English Historical Review 109 (432): 553–571. doi:10.1093/ehr/CIX.432.553.
- Goodman, Anthony (1992). John of Gaunt: The Exercise of Princely Power in Fourteenth-Century Europe. Burnt Mill, Harlow, Essex: Longman. ISBN 0-582-09813-0.
- Lloyd, Simon; Harrison, B. (2004). "Edmund, first earl of Lancaster and first earl of Leicester (1245–1296)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/8504.
- McKisack, May (1959). The Fourteenth Century: 1307–1399. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-821712-9.
- Maddicott, J. R. (1970). Thomas of Lancaster, 1307–1322: A study in the reign of Edward II. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-821837-0.
- Mortimer, Ian (2007). The Fears of King Henry IV: The Life of England's Self-Made King. London: Jonathan Cape. ISBN 978-0-224-07300-4.
- Powicke, F. M. (1947). King Henry III and the Lord Edward: The Community of the Realm in the Thirteenth Century. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-821837-0.
- Powicke, F. M. (1953). The Thirteenth Century: 1216-1307. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-285249-3.
- Powicke, F. M.; Fryde, E.B. (1961). Handbook of British Chronology (2nd ed.). London: Royal Historical Society. pp. 434–5.
- Prestwich, Michael (2007). Plantagenet England 1225–1360. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-922687-0.
- Somerville, Robert (1953). History of the Duchy of Lancaster. vol. 1. London: Chancellor and Council of the Duchy of Lancaster.
- Walker, Simon (1990). The Lancastrian Affinity 1361-1399. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-820174-5.
- Waugh, Scott L.; Harrison, B. (2004). "‘Henry of Lancaster, third earl of Lancaster and third earl of Leicester (c.1280–1345)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/12959.
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