Helen Caldicott

Helen Mary Caldicott (born 7 August 1938) is an Australian physician, author, and anti-nuclear advocate who has founded several associations dedicated to opposing the use of nuclear power, depleted uranium munitions, nuclear weapons, nuclear weapons proliferation, war and military action in general. She hosts a weekly radio program, If You Love This Planet. In 2009 she was designated a Women's History Month Honoree by the National Women's History Project.^[1]

Life

Born in Melbourne, Australia, Caldicott attended the Fintona Girls' School. As a young woman, she read Neville Shute's novel about nuclear holocaust set in Australia, On the Beach: "It scared the hell out of me."^[2]

Caldicott went on to study medicine and received her medical degree in 1961 from the University of Adelaide Medical School. In the 1970s, Caldicott rose to prominence as a public figure in Australia and subsequently New Zealand and North America, speaking on the health hazards of radiation from her professional perspective as a pediatrician.

Her early achievements included convincing Australia to sue France over its atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons in the Pacific in 1971 and 1972, which brought the practice to an end. She also informed Australian labor unions about the medical and military dangers of uranium mining.^[3]

In 1977 she joined the staff of the Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston, and taught pediatrics at the Harvard Medical School from 1977 to 1978.

In 1980, following the Three Mile Island nuclear accident, she left her medical career in order to concentrate on calling the world's attention to what she refers to as the "insanity" of the nuclear arms race and the growing reliance on nuclear power.

Citing confidential memos, Caldicott says that the Hershey Foods Corporation was concerned about radiation levels in milk used in their products because of the proximity of Three Mile Island to its Pennsylvania factory. According to Caldicott, citing a 30 March 1979 study by the Pennsylvania State University, College of Engineering, radiation contaminants that fell on the Pennsylvania grass found their way into the milk of the local dairy cows.^[4] Caldicott noted this was contrary to the findings in the government official report^[5] released shortly after the Three Mile Island disaster. Caldicott disputes this report in her book, Nuclear Power is Not the Answer.

Also in 1980, she founded the Women's Action for Nuclear Disarmament (WAND) in the United States, which was later renamed Women's Action for New Directions. It is a group dedicated to reducing or redirecting government spending away from nuclear energy use towards what the group perceives as unmet social issues.

In 1982, Caldicott led a public education campaign in New Zealand with Dr. William Caldicott (husband and radiologist,^[2]) which resulted in the country establishing a nuclear-free policy.^[3] She received the Humanist of the Year award from the American Humanist Association the same year.

During her time in the United States from 1977 to 1986, Caldicott was the founding president from 1978 to 1983 of Physicians for Social Responsibility (founded originally in 1961 and dormant from 1970 to 1978), and she helped to recruit 23,000 doctors committed to educating the public and their colleagues on the dangers of nuclear energy. She also worked abroad to establish similar national groups that focused on education about the medical dangers of nuclear energy, nuclear weapons and nuclear war. The umbrella organisation International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War) was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1985. In 1992, Caldicott received the 1992 Peace Abbey Courage of Conscience Award at the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library in Boston for her dynamic leadership in the worldwide disarmament movement.

In 1995 Caldicott returned to the US where she lectured for the New School of Social Research on the Media, Global Politics, and the Environment. She also hosted a weekly radio show on WBAI (Pacifica) and became the Founding President of the STAR (Standing for Truth About Radiation) Foundation.

Her sixth book, The New Nuclear Danger: George W. Bush’s Military Industrial Complex, was published in 2001. While touring with that book, she founded the Nuclear Policy Research Institute, headquartered in Washington, DC. NPRI facilitated an ongoing public education campaign in the mainstream media about the dangers of nuclear energy, including weapons and power programs and policies. It was led by both Caldicott and Executive Director Julie R. Enszer. NPRI attempted to create a consensus to end all uses of nuclear energy by means of public education campaigns, establishing a presence in the mainstream media, and sponsoring high-profile symposia. NPRI has now morphed into Beyond Nuclear.

In May 2003, Caldicott gave a lecture entitled "The New Nuclear Threat" at the University of San Diego's Joan B. Kroc Institute for Peace & Justice Distinguished Lecture Series.

In 2008 Caldicott founded the Helen Caldicott Foundation for a Nuclear Free Future. The foundation hosts a weekly radio show called If You Love This Planet which originated on Houston station KPFT, and now airs on dozens of U.S., Australian and Canadian stations, and on its podcast feed website www.ifyoulovethisplanet.org. The foundation also operates a website called NuclearFreePlanet.org with information and data on nuclear power, Fukushima and nuclear weapons.^[6]

A fully revised and updated edition of her 1992 book If You Love This Planet was published by W.W. Norton in September 2009.

In April 2011, Caldicott was involved in a public argument in UK newspaper The Guardian with British journalist George Monbiot.^[7][8][9] Monbiot expressed great concern at what he saw as a failure by Caldicott to provide adequate justification for many of her arguments. Regarding Caldicott's book "Nuclear Power is Not The Answer" he wrote, "The scarcity of references to scientific papers and the abundance of unsourced claims it contains amaze me."

Dr. Caldicott spoke to a standing room only crowd at the Faulkner Gallery in Santa Barbara on Friday 23 March 2012 on "The Medical Implications of Fukushima, Nuclear Power and Nuclear Proliferation".

In 2014, Physicians for Social Responsibility hosted a lecture on "Fukushima's Ongoing Impact" by Dr. Caldicott in Seattle, Washington.^[10]

She has been awarded 21 honorary doctoral degrees and was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize by Nobel Laureate Linus Pauling.^[11][12] She was awarded the Lannan Foundation Prize for Cultural Freedom in 2003, and in 2006, the Peace Organisation of Australia presented her with the inaugural Australian Peace Prize "for her longstanding commitment to raising awareness about the medical and environmental hazards of the nuclear age". The Smithsonian Institution has named Caldicott as one of the most influential women of the 20th century.^[13] She is a member of the scientific committee of the Fundacion IDEAS, a progressive think tank in Spain. She serves on the Advisory Council of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation.^[14]

Caldicott currently splits her time between the United States and Australia and continues to lecture widely to promote her views on nuclear energy use, including weapons and power.

Bibliography

Documentary films

In the early 1980s, Caldicott was the subject of two documentaries: the Oscar-nominated 1981 feature-length film Eight Minutes to Midnight: A Portrait of Dr. Helen Caldicott and the 1982 Oscar-winning National Film Board of Canada short documentary, If You Love This Planet.^[16]

A 2004 documentary film, Helen's War: Portrait of a Dissident,^[17] provides a look into Dr. Caldicott's life through the eyes of her niece, filmmaker Anna Broinowski.

Caldicott is featured along with foreign affairs experts, space security activists and military officials in interviews in Denis Delestrac's 2010 feature documentary Pax Americana and the Weaponization of Space.

The 2013 documentary Pandora's Promise also features footage of Dr. Caldicott interspersed with counter-points to her assertions regarding the health impacts of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster.

Caldicott has appeared in at least 14 documentary films, and on several TV programs.^[18]

Australian politics

Caldicott contested unsuccessfully the New South Wales seat of Richmond in the House of Representatives at the 1990 federal election, a seat held by conservatives since the inaugural 1901 election, and by the National Party since it first contested elections at the 1922 election. Caldicott polled very well for a federal independent candidate, receiving 23.3 percent of the primary vote. On the sixth count, Caldicott had 27.4 percent of the vote, with Nationals incumbent (and then leader of the Nationals) Charles Blunt at 43.2 percent and Labor candidate Neville Newell at 29.4 percent. Caldicott was eliminated, and more than three-fourths of her preferences flowed Newell. This enabled Labor to take the seat for the first time in its history, on 50.5 percent of the two party preferred vote, a swing of 7.1 percent.^[19] This saw only one of three times a major party leader was defeated in his own seat at an election, the others being Stanley Bruce at the 1929 election and John Howard at the 2007 election.

Caldicott also tried to enter the Australian Senate in 1991 and attempted to win Democrat support to replace New South Wales Senator Paul McLean, who had recently resigned. However, the party selected Karin Sowada to take the position.

See also

• Anti-nuclear movement in Australia
• Anti-nuclear movement in the United States
• List of peace activists
• Nuclear weapons and the United States
• Nuclear-free zone
• Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone
• Treaty of Rarotonga
• Akhtar Naraghi
• Michio Kaku

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Helen Caldicott.

• www.helencaldicott.com - Dr. Caldicott's official website
• www.ifyoulovethisplanet.org - Dr. Caldicott's weekly radio program, "If You Love This Planet"
• Watch a video clip of Helen Caldicott at Big Picture TV
• Video of Speech on Depleted Uranium from Freespeech.org
• Anti Nuclear Oxford debate by former New Zealand PM David Lange
• Heyoka Magazine Interview
• KGNU Denver interview with Claudia Cragg in July 2007 about Japan's Nuclear Industry and Earthquakes
• Appearances on C-SPAN by Dr. Caldicott
• Nuclear power no answer to climate change

Anti-nuclear movement in Australia Organisations and groups The Australia Institute Australian Conservation Foundation Australian Greens Australian Labor Party Campaign Against Nuclear Energy Conservation Council of South Australia Friends of the Earth Australia Greenpeace Australia Pacific Kupa Piti Kungka Tjuta Medical Association for Prevention of War Mineral Policy Institute Nuclear Disarmament Party Peace Organisation of Australia The Wilderness Society People Dorothy Auchterlonie Green David Bradbury (film maker) Bob Brown Eileen Kampakuta Brown Kevin Buzzacott Helen Caldicott Moss Cass Ian Cohen Michael Denborough Mark Diesendorf Jim Falk Peter Garrett Jim Green (activist) Margaret Holmes Jacqui Katona Sandra Kanck Ian Lowe Scott Ludlam Yvonne Margarula Dee Margetts Jillian Marsh Brian Martin (professor) Jean Melzer Kerry Nettle Tilman Ruff Nancy Shelley Jo Vallentine Patrick White Stuart White Eileen Wani Wingfield Books Britain, Australia and the Bomb Greenhouse Solutions with Sustainable Energy Maralinga: Australia's Nuclear Waste Cover-up Reaction Time: Climate Change and the Nuclear Option See also Australian Uranium Association Clean Energy Future Group List of inquiries into uranium mining in Australia Lists of nuclear disasters and radioactive incidents Nuclear power in Australia Nuclear weapons tests in Australia Olympic Dam, South Australia Ranger Uranium Environmental Inquiry Renewable energy commercialization Renewable energy in Australia Say Yes demonstrations Uranium mining in Australia Uranium mining in Kakadu National Park

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