DNA-directed DNA polymerase

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DNA-directed DNA polymerase (EC 2.7.7.7, DNA polymerase I, DNA polymerase II, DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase alpha, DNA polymerase beta, DNA polymerase gamma, DNA nucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed), DNA nucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed), deoxyribonucleate nucleotidyltransferase, deoxynucleate polymerase, deoxyribonucleic acid duplicase, deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase, deoxyribonucleic duplicase, deoxyribonucleic polymerase, deoxyribonucleic polymerase I, DNA duplicase, DNA nucleotidyltransferase, DNA polymerase, DNA replicase, DNA-dependent DNA polymerase, duplicase, Klenow fragment, sequenase, Taq DNA polymerase, Taq Pol I, Tca DNA polymerase) is an enzyme with system name deoxynucleoside-triphosphate:DNA deoxynucleotidyltransferase (DNA-directed).^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA_n

\rightleftharpoons

diphosphate + DNA_n+1

Catalyses DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of a DNA strand by one nucleotide at a time.

References

↑ Bollum, F.J. (1960). "Calf thymus polymerase". J. Biol. Chem. 235: 2399–2403. PMID 13802334.
↑ Falaschi, A. and Kornberg, A. (1966). "Biochemical studies of bacterial sporulation. II. Deoxy-ribonucleic acid polymerase in spores of Bacillus subtilis". J. Biol. Chem. 241: 1478–1482. PMID 4957767.
↑ Lehman, I.R., Bessman, M.J., Simms, E.S. and Kornberg, A. (1958). "Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. I. Preparation of substrates and partial purification of an enzyme from Escherichia coli". J. Biol. Chem. 233: 163–170. PMID 13563462.
↑ Richardson, C.C., Schildkraut, C.L., Aposhian, H.V. and Kornberg, A. (1964). "Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. XIV. Further purification and properties of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase of Escherichia coli". J. Biol. Chem. 239: 222–232. PMID 14114848.
↑ Schachman, H.K., Adler, J., Radding, C.M., Lehman, I.R. and Kornberg, A. (1960). "Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. VII. Synthesis of a polymer of deoxyadenylate and deoxythymidylate". J. Biol. Chem. 235: 3242–3249. PMID 13747134.
↑ Zimmerman, B.K. (1966). "Purification and properties of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase from Micrococcus lysodeikticus". J. Biol. Chem. 241: 2035–2041. PMID 5946628.

External links

DNA-directed DNA polymerase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Transferases: phosphorus-containing groups (EC 2.7)

2.7.1-2.7.4:
phosphotransferase/kinase
(PO₄)

2.7.1: OH acceptor	Hexo- Gluco- Fructo- Hepatic Galacto- Phosphofructo- 1 Liver Muscle Platelet 2 Riboflavin Shikimate Thymidine ADP-thymidine NAD⁺ Glycerol Pantothenate Mevalonate Pyruvate Deoxycytidine PFP Diacylglycerol Phosphoinositide 3 Class I PI 3 Class II PI 3 Sphingosine Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase

2.7.2: COOH acceptor	Phosphoglycerate Aspartate kinase

2.7.3: N acceptor	Creatine

2.7.4: PO₄ acceptor	Phosphomevalonate Adenylate Nucleoside-diphosphate Uridylate Guanylate Thiamine-diphosphate

2.7.6: diphosphotransferase
(P₂O₇)

2.7.7: nucleotidyltransferase
(PO₄-nucleoside)

Polymerase

DNA polymerase	DNA-directed DNA polymerase I II III IV V RNA-directed DNA polymerase Reverse transcriptase Telomerase DNA nucleotidylexotransferase/Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase

RNA nucleotidyltransferase	RNA polymerase/DNA-directed RNA polymerase RNA polymerase I RNA polymerase II RNA polymerase III RNA polymerase IV Primase RNA-dependent RNA polymerase PNPase

Phosphorolytic
3' to 5' exoribonuclease

Nucleotidyltransferase

Guanylyltransferase

mRNA capping enzyme

Other

2.7.8: miscellaneous

Phosphatidyltransferases	CDP-diacylglycerol—glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase CDP-diacylglycerol—serine O-phosphatidyltransferase CDP-diacylglycerol—inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase CDP-diacylglycerol—choline O-phosphatidyltransferase

Glycosyl-1-phosphotransferase	N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase

2.7.10-2.7.13: protein kinase
(PO₄; protein acceptor)

2.7.10: protein-tyrosine	see tyrosine kinases

2.7.11: protein-serine/threonine	see serine/threonine-specific protein kinases

2.7.12: protein-dual-specificity	see serine/threonine-specific protein kinases

2.7.13: protein-histidine	Protein-histidine pros-kinase Protein-histidine tele-kinase Histidine kinase

Proteins: enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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