Desert box turtle

desert box turtle
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Subphylum:	Vertebrata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Testudines
Family:	Emydidae
Genus:	Terrapene
Species:	Terrapene ornata
Subspecies:	Terrapene ornata luteola
Trinomial name
Terrapene ornata luteola H.M. Smith & Ramsey, 1952
Synonyms[1]
Terrapene ornata luteola H.M. Smith & Ramsey, 1952

The desert box turtle (Terrapene ornata luteola) is a subspecies of box turtle which is endemic to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.

Geographic range

It ranges from the Trans-Pecos region of Texas, New Mexico, and southeastern Arizona in the United States, south into Sonora and Chihuahua in Mexico.

Habitat

It lives in arid, open prairie areas.

Diet

It is an omnivore, eating native vegetation, insects, and sometimes carrion.^[2]

Description

All box turtles have a distinctive hinged lowered shell (the box) that allows them to completely enclose themselves. The desert box turtle lacks the raised carapace keel of the Eastern Box Turtle, and its colors are muted for camouflage in the desert. The colors of the mature turtles are lighter and more muted than the colors of the young. Most, but not all, male turtles have red irises. Other characteristics of males include concave plastrons, thicker tails with the cloaca nearer the tip, and longer rear legs with larger, curved inside claws which are used to grip the female shell during mating.

Hibernation

Desert Box Turtles hibernate in the winter, emerging in April to begin searching for a mate.

Reproduction

Nesting takes place from May to July. Clutch size ranges from two to eight eggs, and incubation lasts about seventy days.^[2] They can live 25 years or more.

Males are normally sexually mature by 8–9 years of age, but in captivity have been known to breed as young as age 2. Females normally require 10–11 years to reach sexual maturity. Their breeding season lasts between March and May, and nesting sites will be chosen from June to July. Males will be sexually active from the time they emerge from hibernation until September or October. Males often fight aggressively with other males over females when looking for a mate.

References

1. ↑ Fritz, Uwe; Peter Havaš (2007). "Checklist of Chelonians of the World". Vertebrate Zoology 57 (2): 201. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-12-17. Retrieved 29 May 2012. 
2. 1 2 Desert Box Turtle. Terrapene ornata luteola. Pima County Species Fact Sheet.

External links

Wikispecies has information related to: Desert box turtle

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Terrapene ornata.

• ITIS Standard Report Page
• Information from the Arizona Sonoran Desert Museum
• Closeup photo of four-year-old male Desert Box Turtle

Family Emydidae (pond turtles) Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Reptilia Order: Testudines Suborder: Cryptodira Superfamily: Testudinoidea Family: Emydidae Genus Species of the subfamily Deirochelyinae Chrysemys Painted turtle Deirochelys Chicken turtle Graptemys Alabama map turtle Barbour's map turtle Black-knobbed map turtle Cagle's map turtle Escambia map turtle False map turtle Northern map turtle Ouachita map turtle Pascagoula map turtle Pearl River map turtle Ringed map turtle Texas map turtle Yellow-blotched map turtle Malaclemys Diamondback terrapin Pseudemys Alabama red-bellied cooter Northern red-bellied cooter Florida red-bellied cooter Peninsula cooter Rio Grande cooter River cooter Texas river cooter Trachemys Big bend slider Baja California slider Central Antillean slider Colombian slider Cuatro Cienegas slider Cuban slider D'Orbigny's slider Hispaniolan slider Jamaican slider Maranhão slider Meso-American slider Nicaraguan slider Ornate slider Pond slider Yaqui slider   Species of the subfamily Emydinae Clemmys Spotted turtle Emys Blanding's turtle European pond turtle Sicilian pond turtle Western pond turtle Glyptemys Bog turtle Wood turtle Terrapene Coahuilan box turtle Common box turtle Ornate box turtle Spotted box turtle Phylogenetic arrangement based on turtles of the world 2011 update: annotated checklist. Subspecies and the extinct (Gyremys sectabilis) are not included.