Delta8-fatty-acid desaturase

Delta8-fatty-acid desaturase (EC 1.14.19.4, Delta8-sphingolipid desaturase, EFD1, BoDES8, SLD, Delta8 fatty acid desaturase, Delta8-desaturase) is an enzyme with system name phytosphinganine,hydrogen donor:oxygen Delta8-oxidoreductase.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

phytosphinganine + reduced acceptor + O₂

\rightleftharpoons

Delta8-phytosphingenine + acceptor + 2 H₂O

This enzyme, which has been found mainly in plants, introduces a double bond at Delta8 of C18 and C20 fatty acids.

References

↑ Wallis, J.G. and Browse, J. (1999). "The Δ⁸-desaturase of Euglena gracilis: an alternate pathway for synthesis of 20-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 365: 307–316. doi:10.1006/abbi.1999.1167. PMID 10328826.
↑ Sperling, P., Libisch, B., Zähringer, U., Napier, J.A. and Heinz, E. (2001). "Functional identification of a Δ⁸-sphingolipid desaturase from Borago officinalis". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 388: 293–298. doi:10.1006/abbi.2001.2308. PMID 11368168.
↑ Takakuwa, N., Kinoshita, M., Oda, Y. and Ohnishi, M. (2002). "Isolation and characterization of the genes encoding Δ⁸-sphingolipid desaturase from Saccharomyces kluyveri and Kluyveromyces lactis'". Curr. Microbiol. 45: 459–461. doi:10.1007/s00284-002-3860-0. PMID 12402089.
↑ Beckmann, C., Rattke, J., Oldham, N.J., Sperling, P., Heinz, E. and Boland, W. (2002). "Characterization of a Δ⁸-sphingolipid desaturase from higher plants: a stereochemical and mechanistic study on the origin of E,Z isomers". Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 41: 2298–2300. doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20020703)41:13<2298::AID-ANIE2298>3.0.CO;2-G. PMID 12203571.

External links

Delta8-fatty-acid desaturase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Oxidoreductases: dioxygenases, including steroid hydroxylases (EC 1.14)

1.14.11: 2-oxoglutarate	Prolyl hydroxylase Lysyl hydroxylase

1.14.13: NADH or NADPH	Flavin-containing monooxygenase FMO1 FMO2 FMO3 FMO4 FMO5 Nitric oxide synthase NOS1 NOS2 NOS3 Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase Methane monooxygenase 3A4 Lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase 24-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase

1.14.14: reduced flavin or flavoprotein	19A1 2D6 2E1

1.14.15: reduced iron-sulfur protein	11B1 11B2 11A1

1.14.16: reduced pteridine (BH4 dependent)	Phenylalanine hydroxylase Tyrosine hydroxylase Tryptophan hydroxylase

1.14.17: reduced ascorbate	Dopamine beta-hydroxylase

1.14.18-19: other	Tyrosinase Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1

1.14.99 - miscellaneous	Cyclooxygenase Heme oxygenase (HMOX1) Squalene monooxygenase 17A1 21A2

Proteins: enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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