Anti-Brahminism

Anti-Brahminism, (sometimes Anti-Brahmanism), is the ideology that protests against the prejudice and discrimination directed towards lower caste individuals by the brahmanical system.

Historical

According to a British survey in 1912, though Brahmins represented only 3.2 percent of the male population of Tamil Nadu, they held 83.3 percent of the sub-judgeships (immediately under British personnel), 55 percent of the deputy collectorships and 72.6 percent of the district administrative posts. Sixty seven percent of those receiving baccauleaurate degrees from The Madras University were Brahmins. Of those receiving Law degrees Brahmins outnumbered all non-Brahmin Hindus 3.5 to 1 and Brahmins receiving teaching licentiates outnumbered non-Brahmin Hindus by more than 6.5 to 1. These realities created resentment among non-Brahmin Hindus of all stripes. Anti-Brahmin sentiment became organized in the formation of the Justice Party in late 1916. This party, composed of upper-class non-Brahmins was committed to enhancing the opportunities for non-Brahmins.[1]

With the dawn of the 20th century, and the rapid penetration of western education and western ideas, there was a rise in consciousness amongst the lower castes who felt that rights which were legitimately theirs were being denied to them. This led the non-Brahmins to agitate and form the Justice Party in 1916, by Priyar E.V.Ramaswami which later became the Dravidar Kazhagam. The Justice Party banked on vehement anti-Hindu and anti-Brahmin propaganda to ease Brahmins out of their privileged positions. Gradually, the non-Brahmin replaced the Brahmin in every sphere and destroyed the monopoly over education and the administrative services which the Brahmin had previously held.[2]

However, with the destruction of Brahmin monopoly over the services and introduction of adequate representation for other communities, anti-Brahmin feelings did not subside. On the contrary, they were fully exploited by politicians, who often indulged in anti-Brahmin rhetoric primarily in order to get non-Brahmin votes.[3][4] With the passage of time, they reached such a pitch that even individuals who had previously been a part of the Dravidian Movement began to cry foul. Deprived of opportunities, Tamil Brahmins began to migrate en masse to other states in India and foreign countries in search of livelihood.[5]

Dalit leader and founder of political party Pudiya Tamizhagam, Dr.Krishnasamy admits that the Anti-Brahmin Movement had not succeeded up to the expectations and that there continues to be as much discrimination of Dalits as had been before.

So many movements have failed. In Tamil Nadu there was a movement in the name of anti-Brahmanism under the leadership of Periyar. It attracted Dalits, but after 30 years of power, the Dalits understand that they are as badly-off - or worse-off - as they were under the Brahmans. Under Dravidian rule, they have been attacked and killed, their due share in government service is not given, they are not allowed to rise.[6]

In Indian states

Karnataka

All government schemes for socially and economically backward classes require a caste certificate in Karnataka. Even when poor, Brahmins can not get a caste certificate from the Tahsildar or the Taluk administrator. For example the Vidyasiri programme includes support for poor students from most sections including upper castes like Lingayats while Brahmins are excluded even if poor.[7]

Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu is home to one of the oldest anti-Brahmin movements in India. Tamil Brahmins (Iyers and Iyengars) are often held responsible by some sections of the Tamil politicians and media for alleged direct or indirect oppression of lower-caste people. The self-respect movement, a Dravidian Nationalist movement, was started by Periyar based incidents of Brahmin oppression towards lower castes. The legacy of the anti-Brahmanism of the self-respect movement was taken over by the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). Growing anti-Brahmanism in Chennai provided a rationale for polarization of the lower castes in the DMK movement.[8]

Maharashtra

Some elements of

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Ritualizing on the Boundaries; by Fred W. Clothey;
  2. ↑ Warrier, Shobha (30 May 2006). "'Education is the means of social mobility'". Rediff News. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
  3. ↑ "Drive out anti-Tamil evil forces: DMK". Chennai Online News. 16 February 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
  4. ↑ V. Sundaram, I. A. S., Retd. (2007). "Aryan vs Dravidian—Lord Rama vs E V Ramaswamy ???". India Varta. Archived from the original on 12 May 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
  5. ↑ Vishwanath, Rohit (23 June 2007). "BRIEF CASE: Tambram's Grouse". The Times of India. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
  6. ↑ Gail Omvedt. "The Dravidian movement". ambedkar.org. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
  7. ↑ Anjaneya, Minister for Backward Classes, Govt of Karnataka
  8. ↑ Singh, Yogendra, Modernization of Indian Tradition: (A Systemic Study of Social Change), Oriental Press 1974 page 167

References

External links

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