Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen
| Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Subphylum: | Vertebrata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Viperidae |
| Subfamily: | Crotalinae |
| Genus: | Agkistrodon |
| Species: | A. contortrix |
| Subspecies: | A. c. mokasen |
| Trinomial name | |
| Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen Palisot de Beauvois, 1799 | |
| Synonyms | |
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Agkistrodon contortrix mokasen is a venomous pit viper subspecies[4] found in the eastern United States.
Description
The northern copperhead grows to an average length of 61-91 cm (24-36 in), with a maximum of 135 cm (53 in).[5]
The dorsal scales are weakly keeled. The anal plate is single. The subcaudals are single, at least anteriorly.[5]
The color pattern consists of an hourglass pattern that runs the length of the body. From above, a series of dark chestnut crossbands look narrow in the center and wider on the sides. Between the crossbands, small dark spots are often present. There are dark rounded spots at the sides of the belly. The head is a copper-red color. Juvenile specimens are lighter in color, have a yellow tail tip, and a narrow dark line that runs through the eye that divides the darker head from the lighter colored labial scales.[5]
Common names
Northern copperhead,[2] copperhead, resident copperhead, highland moccasin, beech-leaf snake, chunk head, copper (adder), copper-bell, copper belly, copperhead moccasin, copperhead viper, copper snake, copper viper, deaf adder, deaf snake, dumb rattlesnake, harlequin snake, hazel head, North American copperhead snake, northern copperhead, pilot, poplar leaf, rattlesnake pilot, rattlesnake's mate, red adder, red eye, red snake, red viper, thunder snake, upland moccasin, white oak snake,[3] adder.[5]
Geographic range
Found in the United States, from Virginia, east Texas, in southern Illinois, southern Indiana, extreme northeastern Mississippi, northern Alabama, northern Georgia northeast to Massachusetts (which considers them endangered), New York Hudson Valley Region, the Appalachian Mountain region and associated plateaus, also southwestern Pennsylvania.[2] No type locality was given, although [ ? ] was the area where Palisot de Beauvois made his observations.[1]
Behavior
These snakes are generally quiet, almost lethargic, preferring to lie motionless or to make a slow retreat when encountered. When sufficiently agitated, however, they can strike vigorously and may vibrate their tails rapidly.[5]
See also
- List of crotaline species and subspecies
- Crotalinae by common name
- Crotalinae by taxonomic synonyms
- Snakebite
References
- 1 2 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
- 1 2 3 Gloyd HK, Conant R. 1990. Snakes of the Agkistrodon Complex: A Monographic Review. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 614 pp. 52 plates. LCCN 89-50342. ISBN 0-916984-20-6.
- 1 2 Wright AH, Wright AA. 1957. Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada. Comstock Publishing Associates. (7th printing, 1985). 1105 pp. ISBN 0-8014-0463-0.
- ↑ "Agkistrodon". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 1 August 2007.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Conant R. 1975. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America. Second Edition. First published in 1958. Houghton Mifflin Company Boston. 429 pp. 48 plates. ISBN 0-395-19979-4. ISBN 0-395-19977-8 (pbk.).
Further reading
- Palisot de Beauvois, A.M.F.J. 1799. Memoir on Amphibia. Serpents. Trans. American Philos. Soc. 4 (42): 362-381.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Agkistrodon contortrix. |
- Agkistrodon contortrix at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 9 August 2007.
- A. c. mokasen image at Glades Herp. Accessed 9 August 2007.
