CityCenter

CityCenter Las Vegas

Four of the seven buildings of CityCenter as viewed from the Aria. From left to right The Harmon Hotel and Spa, the Crystals, Veer Towers and the Mandarin Oriental.
Location	Las Vegas Strip
Address	3780 Las Vegas Boulevard South, Las Vegas, Nevada 89109
Coordinates	36°06′28″N 115°10′33″W / 36.107725°N 115.17574°W / 36.107725; -115.17574Coordinates: 36°06′28″N 115°10′33″W / 36.107725°N 115.17574°W / 36.107725; -115.17574
Opening Date	December 16, 2009[1]
Developer	MGM Resorts International and Dubai World
Architect	Ehrenkrantz Eckstut & Kuhn(Conceptual Master Plan)[2] Gensler (Executive Architect) Foster + Partner (Harmon Hotel) Helmut Jahn (Veer Towers) Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates (Mandarin Oriental) Pelli Clark Pelli (Aria Hotel) Rockwell Group (Entertainment District) RV Architecture (Vdara Condo and Hotel) Studio Daniel Libeskind (Entertainment District)
Operator	MGM Resorts International
Owner	MGM Resorts International and Dubai World
Website	www.citycenter.com

CityCenter (also known as CityCenter Las Vegas) is a 16,797,000-square-foot (1,560,500 m²) mixed-use, urban complex on 76 acres (31 ha) located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. The project was started by MGM Resorts International; Dubai World became a joint partner during the project's construction phase. It is the largest privately funded construction project in the history of the United States.^[3] The project is connected by a people mover system to adjacent MGM properties Monte Carlo Las Vegas and Bellagio Las Vegas.^[4] As of 2015, the "CityCenter" branding has been largely retired, with the focus instead on the Aria brand of the development's centerpiece property in names such as the "Aria Express" (formerly "CityCenter Tram") and "Aria Art Collection" (formerly "CityCenter Art Collection").

General design

The project straddles Harmon Avenue and is bordered by (listed clockwise, starting on the east side): Las Vegas Boulevard, the Monte Carlo Resort, I-15, the Bellagio, and The Cosmopolitan Resort & Casino. The site was formerly occupied by the Boardwalk Hotel and Casino, the Bellagio employee parking lot, and several standalone commercial structures.

The conceptual master plan for Project City Center, announced on November 9, 2004, was designed by Ehrenkrantz, Eckstut & Kuhn Architects, laying out the project with approximately 2,400 condominium and condo-hotel units and approximately 4,800 hotel rooms, distributed within several high-rise towers around The Crystals, an ultra high-end retail mall. It is designed to have all commodities for daily life, featuring a 4,000-room hotel and casino (Aria), two 400-room boutique hotels (The Residences at Mandarin Oriental, with 227 residential condo units, and the Harmon Hotel and Spa), a purely residential offering (Veer Towers), a condo-hotel (Vdara Condo-hotel) and a 500,000 sq ft (46,000 m²) retail and entertainment district which was intended to house the first grocery store directly on the Strip (though as of July 2011, there is no grocery on the property). The multi-use project makes extensive use of green technologies, such as using reclaimed water and an on-site power plant. The Mandarin Oriental, Aria, and Vdara all received LEED certification in November 2009.

With a total cost of approximately $9.2 billion,^[5] CityCenter is the largest privately financed development in the United States.^[6] The original cost estimate was $4 billion, but it was pushed up by rising construction costs and design changes. CityCenter opened with approximately 12,000 employees across the different projects. Vdara, Aria, Mandarin Oriental, and The Crystals opened in December 2009. The Veer Towers opened in July 2010.

CityCenter features five water and ice features. These were designed by WET Design the company responsible for the Bellagio fountain and the Mirage volcano. Three of these features are located at Aria Resort & Casino, Lumina, Focus, and Latisse. The remaining two are located in The Crystals, Halo and Glacia.

Construction

The Perini Building Company was lead contractor on the project, with Tishman Construction Corporation serving as the executive construction manager. Gensler was the executive architect overseeing the project. The project was built in three blocks. Block A consists of the CityCenter Casino & Resort and surrounding facilities (HKS, Inc. was architect of record); Block B (Leo A. Daly - AOR) holds the Vdara; and Block C (Adamson Associates - AOR) the Mandarin, Veer, Crystals and Harmon structures.^[7]

The last remaining permanent building on the project site, the Boardwalk Casino's mid-rise hotel tower, was imploded May 9, 2006. After most of the design process was complete, construction began without an official groundbreaking ceremony in June 2006. Most renderings of the project were released in September 2006 and some delayed until February 2007. The first concrete was poured on June 26, 2006. Prior to this all of the work was site preparation, including utilities and other infrastructure. A number of construction discrepancies have been found in the project.^[8] Construction of various parts of the site were covered by the TV show Build It Bigger in the episode titled CityCenter, Las Vegas.

Accidents

Six deaths have occurred since construction began. On February 6, 2007, a 3,000 lb (1,400 kg) steel wall used as a concrete mold fell from a crane, hitting another wall which struck four workers, killing two. On August 10, 2007, a worker died when the counterweight for a construction elevator came down on him as he oiled the machine. On October 5, 2007, a worker fell approximately 50 ft (15 m) while working on the main resort tower.^[9] On April 26, 2008, a worker fell approximately 20 ft (6 m) in the south tower of the Aria Hotel & Casino.^[10] On May 31, 2008, a worker was crushed and killed when caught between the counter-weight system and the track of a crane.^[11]

Other safety practices by workers have caused concern, with some drinking before work in violation of company rules.^[12]

Walk off

At midnight on June 3, 2008, construction workers shut down construction (which had been continuous 24-hours-a-day) by walking off the job to protest safety conditions at the project. The Southern Nevada Building and Construction Trades Council demanded that the general contractor take three steps before they would begin working again: agree to pay for additional safety training for workers, allow national union researchers to examine root causes of safety problems on the site, and allow union leaders full access to the work site.^[13]

On the afternoon of June 4, 2008, Perini Building Co. agreed to all of the Southern Nevada Building and Construction Trades Council's demands and workers resumed work several weeks later at midnight.

Construction gallery

Design models

• 

  Early design model of CityCenter, September 2005

• 

  Various sections of Citycenter, September 2005

Construction

Partnership dispute

In early 2009, Dubai World sued its joint venture partner MGM Resorts International for breach of contract and thus decided to not make its payment of US$200 million in financing, required to keep the project on track.^{[14][15][16][17][18][19][20]} By April 17, 2009, MGM Resorts International and Dubai World had agreed to a set of terms that would ensure the completion of CityCenter.^[21][22]

Major developments

Name	Image	Height	Floors	Hotel Rooms	Condos	LEED certified	Notes
Aria		600 feet (180 m)	61	4,004	0	Gold	The Aria Resort & Casino is CityCenter's central feature. It features a 150,000 sq ft (14,000 m2) casino.
Crystals		30 feet (10 m)	3[23]	0	0	Gold	Crystals is CityCenter's 500,000 sq ft (46,000 m2)[24] retail and entertainment district.
Harmon Hotel		442 feet (138 m)	27	400	0		The Harmon Hotel was going to be a non-gaming boutique hotel originally set to be 49 stories, but it was cut to 25 stories after construction defects were discovered. On November 13, 2010 the Las Vegas Review-Journal reported[25] that MGM Resorts International plans to demolish the Harmon Hotel due to its previously revealed defects. Dismantling of the hotel began in June 2014.
Mandarin Oriental		539 feet (164 m)	56	392	225	Gold	Operated by Mandarin Oriental Hotel Group.
Vdara		578 feet (176 m)	57	1,495	0	Gold	Vdara is a hotel-condo tower. It was the first of the CityCenter buildings to be topped out in May 2008.
Veer Towers		480 feet (150 m)	37	0	674	Gold	The Veer Towers are twin 37-story condominium towers with the towers leaning in opposite directions, 4.6 degrees from the center.

Auxiliary structures

Parking Garage and Fire Station #32

Photo of the Clark County Fire Station #32

The project also includes a 6,900 car parking garage and several support structures including Clark County Fire Station #32. The Architect of Record was Winston Henderson Associates. Tishman Construction was the Construction Manager. Tooles Contracting Group was the General Contractor.^[26] The station opened on December 10, 2009.^[27]

Central Energy Plant

Siemens designed and built the $100 million 9 MW (12,000 hp) central energy plant to help power, cool, and provide hot water for CityCenter.

Aria Express

Photo of one of the two trams that run between the Monte Carlo and Bellagio hotels in CityCenter

Aria Express
Legend Bellagio[28] Aria Monte Carlo

The Aria Express (formerly and also known as the CityCenter Tram) is a tram that connects Crystals with the Monte Carlo to the south and the Bellagio to the north. It uses the Cable Liner technology from DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car (DCC), and has two independent rope-hauled parallel tracks and a four-car passenger unit operating on each track. The tram began operations on December 1, 2009, replacing an existing tram which linked Bellagio to Monte Carlo. The 2,100-foot (640 m) long elevated track can handle 3,266 passengers per hour in each direction. A fully loaded tram can hold 132 passengers.^[29]

Fine art collection

CityCenter has amassed one of the larger public art collections in the United States, which is valued at over $40 million USD.^[30] Additionally the Mandarin Oriental has galleries open to the public which feature rotating collections from various artists.

Mega Project Assurance

CityCenter is credited with utilizing advanced Mega Project Assurance techniques developed by J.M. Cunningham which resulted in cost savings of over $100 million and enabled CityCenter's completion in 2009 while many other Las Vegas projects were stopped, or abandoned during the Financial Crisis. See: Project assurance

References

Coordinating fire protection aspects for cities under one roof

The larger and more complex facilities become, the more difficult it is to coordinate all required fire protection aspects and create a structure that provides a holistic approach to fire protection. This article gives an overview of one such approach and uses as an example a development in which 26 acres were transformed into 18 million sq ft of occupiable space for a cost of more than $7 billion.

External links

• Official CityCenter website
• CityCenter agenda sheet

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Project CityCenter (Las Vegas).

Las Vegas Strip South end Welcome to Fabulous Las Vegas sign West side casinos Aria Bellagio Caesars Palace Circus Circus Cosmopolitan Resorts World (proposed) Excalibur Luxor Mandalay Bay Mirage Monte Carlo New York-New York Slots-A-Fun Treasure Island East side casinos Bally's Casino Royale Cromwell Encore Flamingo Fontainebleau (on hold) Harrah's The Linq MGM Grand O'Sheas Palazzo Paris Planet Hollywood SLS Las Vegas Tropicana Venetian Wynn Former casinos Boardwalk Castaways Desert Inn Dunes El Rancho El Rancho Vegas Hacienda Klondike Marina New Frontier Riviera Sahara Sands Silver City Silver Slipper Stardust Thunderbird Westward Ho Shopping The Crystals Fashion Show Mall The Forum Shops Grand Canal Shoppes Miracle Mile Shops Showcase Mall Attractions Adventuredome High Roller The Roller Coaster Shark Reef at Mandalay Bay Skyvue Transportation Aria Express The Deuce Las Vegas Monorail Mandalay Bay Tram RTC Transit McCarran Airport Strip Gaming Area