Cheilanthes
| Cheilanthes | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Cheilanthes parryi in a rock crevice in southern Nevada | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Division: | Pteridophyta |
| Class: | Polypodiopsida |
| Order: | Polypodiales |
| Family: | Pteridaceae |
| Genus: | Cheilanthes Sw.[1] |
| Type species | |
| Cheilanthes micropteris Sw. | |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Allosorus Bernh. | |
Cheilanthes (lip ferns)[2] is a genus of about 180 species of rock-dwelling ferns with a cosmopolitan distribution in warm, dry, rocky regions, often growing in small crevices high up on cliffs. Most are small, sturdy and evergreen. The leaves, often densely covered in trichomes, spring directly from the rootstocks. Many of them are desert ferns, curling up during dry times and reviving with the coming of moisture. At the ends of veins sporangia, or spore-bearing structures, are protected by leaf margins, which curl over them.
This genus is now known to be highly paraphyletic, comprising at least four generically separate groups. The type species, C. micropteris, is most closely allied to the genera Aleuritopteris and Sinopteris (Schuettpelz et al.). In 2012, seventeen species were moved to the new genus Gaga, which also includes two new species.
The genus name is derived from the Greek words χεῖλος (cheilos), meaning "lip," and ἄνθος (anthos), meaning "flower."[3]
Selected species
- Cheilanthes acrostica (Balb.) Tod.
- Cheilanthes adiantoides T.C.Chambers & P.A.Farrant
- Cheilanthes aemula Maxon – Rival lip fern
- Cheilanthes alabamensis (Buckley) Kunze – Alabama lip fern
- Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia H.M.Quirk & T.C.Chambers
- Cheilanthes bonariensis (Willd.) Proctor – Golden lip fern
- Cheilanthes brownii (Kuhn) Domin
- Cheilanthes catanensis (Cosent.) H.P.Fuchs
- Cheilanthes caudata R.Br.
- Cheilanthes cavernicola D.L.Jones 1988 (Australia)[4]
- Cheilanthes clevelandii D.C.Eaton – Cleveland's lip fern
- Cheilanthes contigua Baker
- Cheilanthes cooperae D.C.Eaton – Cooper's lip fern
- Cheilanthes covillei Maxon – Coville's lip fern
- Cheilanthes distans (R.Br.) Mett. – Bristly cloak fern
- Cheilanthes eatonii Baker – Eaton's lip fern
- Cheilanthes feei T.Moore – Slender lip fern
- Cheilanthes fendleri Hook. – Fendler's lip fern
- Cheilanthes fragillima F.Muell.
- Cheilanthes glauca (Cav.) Mett.
- Cheilanthes gracillima D.C.Eaton – Lace lip fern
- Cheilanthes guanchica Bolle
- Cheilanthes hispanica Mett.
- Cheilanthes horridula Maxon – Rough lip fern
- Cheilanthes humilis (G.Forst.) P.S.Green
- Cheilanthes intertexta (Maxon) Maxon – Coastal lip fern
- Cheilanthes intramarginalis (Kaulf. ex Link) Hook.
- Cheilanthes lanosa (Michx.) D.C.Eaton
- Cheilanthes lasiophylla Pic.Serm.
- Cheilanthes lendigera (Cav.) Sw. – Nit-bearing lip fern
- Cheilanthes leucopoda Link – Whitefoot lip fern
- Cheilanthes lindheimeri Hook. – Lindheimer lip fern
- Cheilanthes maderensis Lowe
- Cheilanthes microphylla (Sw.) Sw. – Southern lip fern
- Cheilanthes micropteris Sw.
- Cheilanthes newberryi (D.C.Eaton) Domin – Newberry's lip fern
- Cheilanthes nitida (R.Br.) P.S.Green
- Cheilanthes nudiuscula (R.Br.) T.Moore
- Cheilanthes parryi (D.C.Eaton) Domin – Parry's lip fern
- Cheilanthes paucijuga Baker
- Cheilanthes peninsularis
- Cheilanthes peninsularis var. insularis
- Cheilanthes persica (Bory) Mett. ex Kuhn
- Cheilanthes pinnatifida D.L.Jones
- Cheilanthes praetermissa D.L.Jones
- Cheilanthes prenticei Luerss.
- Cheilanthes pringlei Davenport – Pringle's lip fern
- Cheilanthes pseudovellea (H.M.Quirk & T.C.Chambers) D.L.Jones
- Cheilanthes pteroides Sw.
- Cheilanthes pulchella Bory ex Willd.
- Cheilanthes pumilio (R.Br.) F.Muell.
- Cheilanthes sciadioides Domin
- Cheilanthes sieberi Kunze – Poison rock fern
- Cheilanthes tenuifolia (Burm.f.) Sw.
- Cheilanthes tinaei Tod.
- Cheilanthes tomentosa Link – Woolly lip fern
- Cheilanthes vellea (Aiton) F.Muell.
- Cheilanthes villosa Davenport ex Maxon – Villous lip fern
- Cheilanthes viscida Davenport – Viscid lip fern
- Cheilanthes wootonii Maxon – Beaded lip fern
- Cheilanthes wrightii Hook. – Wright's lip fern
- Cheilanthes yavapensis T.Reeves ex Windham – Graceful lip fern[2]
Formerly placed here
- Astrolepis cochisensis (Goodd.) D.M.Benham & Windham (as C. cochisensis (Goodd.) Mickel and C. sinuata var. cochisensis (Goodd.) Munz)
- Gaga arizonica (Maxon) F.W. Li & Windham (as C. arizonica (Maxon) Mickel) – Arizona lip fern[5]
- Gaga hirsuta (Link) F.W. Li & Windham (as C. hirsuta Link)[5]
- Gaga kaulfussii (Kunze) F.W. Li & Windham (as C. kaulfussii Kunze) – Kaulfuss' lip fern[5]
- Notholaena candida (M.Martens & Galeotti) Hook. (as C. candida M.Martens & Galeotti)
- Pteris lydgatei (Baker) Christ (as C. lydgatei Baker)[6]
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cheilanthes. |
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Wikispecies has information related to: Cheilanthes |
- 1 2 "Genus: Cheilanthes Sw.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-10-05. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
- 1 2 "Cheilanthes". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2011-10-23.
- ↑ Moran, Robbin Craig (2004). A Natural History of Ferns. Timber Press. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-88192-667-5.
- ↑ C. cavernicola International Plant Names Index (IPNI) 13 Jan 2012
- 1 2 3 Gaga Pryer, F.W. Li & Windham. Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 28 Jul 2014
- ↑ "GRIN Species Records of Cheilanthes". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
- "Cheilanthes Sw.". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
- Flora Europaea: Cheilanthes
- Flora of North America: Cheilanthes
- Cheilanthes glauca pictures from Chilebosque.
- "lip fern." Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 30 Nov 2007.
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