Cerulean
Cerulean | |
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Color coordinates | |
Hex triplet | #007BA7 |
sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 123, 167) |
CMYKH (c, m, y, k) | (100, 26, 0, 35) |
HSV (h, s, v) | (196°, 100%, 65%) |
Source | Maerz and Paul[1] |
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred) |
Cerulean (RGB) | |
---|---|
Color coordinates | |
Hex triplet | #003FFF |
sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 63, 255) |
CMYKH (c, m, y, k) | (100, 75, 0, 0) |
HSV (h, s, v) | (225°, 100%, 100%) |
Source | [Unsourced] |
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred) |
Caerulean (RGB) | |
---|---|
Color coordinates | |
Hex triplet | #0000FF |
sRGBB (r, g, b) | (0, 00, 255) |
CMYKH (c, m, y, k) | (100, 100, 0, 0) |
HSV (h, s, v) | (240°, 100%, 100%) |
Source | [Unsourced] |
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred) |
Cerulean (/səˈruːliən/), also spelled caerulean, is a color term that may be applied to certain colors with the hue ranging roughly between blue and cyan, overlapping with both. It also largely overlaps with azure and sky blue, although cerulean is dimmer.
The first recorded use of cerulean as a color name in English was in 1590.[2] The word is derived from the Latin word caeruleus, "dark blue, blue or blue-green", which in turn probably derives from caerulum, diminutive of caelum, "heaven, sky".[3]
Use in artistic painting
In classical times, cerulean was used to describe blue pigments, particularly mixtures of copper and cobaltous oxides. These early attempts to create sky blue colors were often less than satisfactory due to greenish hues and lack of permanence. When the pigment cerulean blue (shown in the color box to the left) was invented, it largely superseded all these prior pigments. See also Tekhelet.
Cerulean blue
Cerulean Blue | |
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Color coordinates | |
Hex triplet | #2A52BE |
sRGBB (r, g, b) | (42, 82, 190) |
CMYKH (c, m, y, k) | (87, 74, 0, 0) |
HSV (h, s, v) | (224°, 78%, 75%) |
Source | [4] |
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred) |
At right is displayed the color cerulean blue.
The first recorded use of cerulean blue as a color name in English was in 1859.[5]
Pigments through the ages shows a "Painted swatch of cerulean blue" that is representative of the actual cobalt stannate pigment. This color swatch matches the color shown in the color box at right.[6] See also painted swatch and crystals of cerulean blue at ColourLex.[7]
Cerulean blue pigment
Discovered in 1805 by Andreas Höpfner, the pigment originally referred to as cerulean blue (or corruleum blue) was first marketed in 1860 as "coeruleum" by George Rowney of the United Kingdom. The primary chemical constituent of the pigment is cobalt(II) stannate.[8][9][10]
It is particularly valuable for artistic painting of skies because of the purity of the blue (specifically the lack of greenish hues), its permanence (no other blue pigments retained color as well), and its opaqueness.[11] Berthe Morisot painted the blue coat of the woman in her "A Summer's Day', 1879 in cerulean blue in conjunction with artificial ultramarine and cobalt blue.[12]
Today, cobalt chromate is sometimes marketed under the cerulean blue name but is darker and greener (Rex Art color index PB 36) than the cobalt stannate version (color index PB 35). The chromate makes excellent turquoise colors and is identified by Rex Art and some other manufacturers as "cobalt turquoise".[13][14]
Other variations of cerulean
Pale cerulean
Cerulean (Pantone) | |
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Color coordinates | |
Hex triplet | #98B4D4 |
sRGBB (r, g, b) | (152, 180, 212) |
HSV (h, s, v) | (212°, 28%, 83%) |
Source | Pantone TPX[15] |
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) |
Pantone, in a press release, declared the pale hue of cerulean at right, which they call cerulean, as the "color of the millennium".[16]
The source of this color is the "Pantone Textile Paper eXtended (TPX)" color list, color #15-4020 TPX—Cerulean.[17]
Bright cerulean
Cerulean (Crayola) | |
---|---|
Color coordinates | |
Hex triplet | #1DACD6 |
sRGBB (r, g, b) | (29, 172, 214) |
HSV (h, s, v) | (209°, 94%, 49%) |
Source | Crayola |
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) |
This bright tone of cerulean is the color called cerulean by Crayola crayons.
Cerulean frost
Cerulean Frost | |
---|---|
Color coordinates | |
Hex triplet | #6D9BC3 |
sRGBB (r, g, b) | (109, 155, 195) |
CMYKH (c, m, y, k) | (44, 21, 0, 24) |
HSV (h, s, v) | (208°, 44%, 77[18]%) |
Source | Crayola |
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte) H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred) |
At right is displayed the color cerulean frost.
Cerulean frost is one of the colors in the special set of metallic colored Crayola crayons called Silver Swirls, the colors of which were formulated by Crayola in 1990.
Cerulean in nature
- Cerulean cuckooshrike
- Cerulean kingfisher
- Cerulean paradise flycatcher
- Cerulean warbler
- Cerulean-capped manakin
Cerulean in human culture
- Color
- Cerulean was nominated by Pantone in 1999 as the "color of the millennium".[19] (See the color pale cerulean above)
- Automotive
-Used as a paint colour by the McLaren Automotive "MSO" division. Tim Burton, AKA "Shmee150" has a McLaren 675LT in MSO Cerulean Blue.
- Computer software
- Cerulean Studios is a software house based in Connecticut, United States.
- Film
- In The Devil Wears Prada, Miranda Priestly (Meryl Streep) makes a reference to a cerulean colored sweater, and other high fashion clothes items in Cerulean.
- Literature
- Cerulean Sins is the eleventh book in the Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter series by Laurell K. Hamilton.
- Caerulean is the species of alien Rovander Kitt belongs to in The Search for WondLa series by Tony DiTerlizzi.
- Music
- Cerulean is the album title for the September 10, 1991 music release by the band The Ocean Blue.
- Cerulean is the first album by musician Baths
- Cerulean is the sixth track on the 1992 album Hoodoo Zephyr by composer John Adams.
- Cerulean is a song of the Simian Mobile Disco band, recorded on "Unpatterns" album.
- Cerulean is a track of Jon Hopkins, recorded on his album entitled "Opalescent".
- Cerulean is a track of Kannamix featuring Veela.[20]
- Science
- Cerulean cyan fluorescent protein is a mutant of green fluorescent protein.
- Television
- Repetition of the words "cerulean blue" is a method the "Pusher" villain uses at the beginning of the eponymous X-Files episode 17 season 3 in order to lull his victims to do what he wants.
- In the fourth season Rocky and Bullwinkle story arc Painting Theft, villain Boris Badenov adopts the guise of a fictitious art collector named "Cerulean Blue."
- In the fourth season of My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic, reformed villain Discord becomes sick with "the blue flu" and has adopted a blue skin color, which Rarity describes as "a shade of cerulean, to be precise."
- Video games
- Azul the Cerulean is the blue-haired 33-year-old final recruit of the Tsviets in Dirge of Cerberus: Final Fantasy VII.
- Cerulean City is one of the pivotal locations in the game and anime Pokémon and is home to the Water Pokémon Gym in Kanto.
- 1986 game Milesland's Finest had a faction named the Cerulean Army.
- The game Spirit Animals has armor entitled Cerulean Animal Armor.[21]
See also
References
- ↑ In the book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color (1930), the color Cerulean is displayed on Page 89 Color Plate 33 Color Sample E6.
- ↑ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 190; Color Sample of Cerulean: Page 89 Plate 33 Color Sample E6
- ↑ Cerulean, Online Etymology Dictionary
- ↑ The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called cerulean blue in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color cerulean blue is displayed on page 89, Plate 33, Color Sample L9.
- ↑ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 192; Color Sample of Cerulean Blue: Page 89 Plate 33 Color Sample L9
- ↑ "Cerulean blue". Pigments through the Ages. Retrieved 30 December 2011.
- ↑ Cerulean blue, ColourLex
- ↑ Cerulean blue (overview), Pigments of the Ages, Webexhibits.org
- ↑ History of Cerulean blue, Pigments of the Ages, Webexhibits.org
- ↑ Material Name: cerulean blue, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
- ↑ Pigments: Historical, Chemical, and Artistic Importance of Coloring Agents, JcSparks.com
- ↑ Bomford D, Kirby J, Leighton, J., Roy A. Art in the Making: Impressionism. National Gallery Publications, London, 1990, pp. 176-181
- ↑ Blue Artist's Pigments, PaintMaking.com
- ↑ blue watercolors, handprint.com (this is a cross-reference of colors grouped by color index)
- ↑ Type the word "Cerulean" into the indicated window on the Pantone Color Finder and the color will appear.
- ↑ "Pantone press release (1999)--Cerulean blue: the color of the New Millennium":
- ↑ Pantone TPX Pantone Color Finder--Type the word "Cerulean" into the indicated window on the Pantone Color Finder and the color will appear:
- ↑ web.forrett.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code #6D9BC3 (Cerulean Frost):
- ↑ Slate
- ↑ Soundcloud.com
- ↑ Spiritanimals.schoolastic.com
External links
- A page on Cerulean Blue
- Cerulean blue at ColourLex
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