Cassoulet

Cassoulet

Cassoulet served in Carcassonne
in cassole sized for single serving
Type Stew or casserole
Place of origin France
Main ingredients Meat (typically pork sausages, goose, duck, sometimes mutton), pork skin, white haricot beans
Cookbook: Cassoulet  Media: Cassoulet

Cassoulet (French pronunciation: ​[ka.su.lɛ], from Occitan caçolet [kasuˈlet]) is a rich, slow-cooked casserole originating in the south of France, containing meat (typically pork sausages, goose, duck and sometimes mutton), pork skin (couennes) and white beans (haricots blancs).

The dish is named after its traditional cooking vessel, the cassole, a deep, round, earthenware pot with slanting sides.[1]

The region once known as the province of Languedoc is the traditional homeland of cassoulet, especially the towns of Toulouse, Carcassonne, and Castelnaudary, the town which claims to be where the dish originated.[2] All are made with white beans (haricots blancs or lingots),[lower-alpha 1] duck or goose confit, sausages, and additional meat. In the cassoulet of Toulouse, the meats are pork and mutton, the latter frequently a cold roast shoulder. The Carcassonne version is similar but doubles the portion of mutton and sometimes replaces the duck with partridge.[3] The cassoulet of Castelnaudary uses a duck confit instead of mutton.

In France, cassoulets of varying price and quality are also sold in cans and jars in supermarkets, grocery stores and charcuteries. The cheapest ones contain only beans, tomato sauce, sausages, and bacon. More expensive versions are likely to be cooked with goose fat and to include Toulouse sausages, lamb, goose, or duck confit.

Haute cuisine versions require mixing pre-cooked roasted meats with beans that have been simmered separately with aromatic vegetables, but this runs counter to cassoulet's peasant origins. In the process of preparing the dish it is traditional to deglaze the pot from the previous cassoulet in order to give a base for the next one. This has led to stories, such as the one given by Elizabeth David, citing Anatole France, of a single original cassoulet being extended for years or even decades.[4]

In American restaurants, the term "cassoulet" is often applied to any hearty bean-based casserole, with innovations such as salmon cassoulet.[5] January 9 is National Cassoulet Day in the United States.[6][7][8]

Many culinary traditions have similar techniques for slow cooking beans in a covered vessel, which greatly reduces the buildup of gases in the intestine. Examples include feijoada, fabada asturiana, pasulj, tavče gravče, and baked beans. The Hungarian-Jewish sólet and Eastern European cholent are similar bean dishes, and are also frequently cooked in combination with smoked poultry, especially goose leg, but a documented relationship has not so far been identified.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ White beans replaced the medieval broad bean, Vicia fava

References

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  1. ↑ David, Elizabeth (1999). French Provincial Cooking (7th printing ed.). New York: Penguin Books. pp. 59 and 61. ISBN 0141181532.
  2. ↑ Dryansky, G.Y.; Dryansky, Joanne (2012). "The Southwest Trinity". Coquilles, Calva, & Crème: Exploring France's Culinary Heritage (1st Pegasus Books ed.). New York: Pegasus Books. ISBN 978-1-60598-329-5.
  3. ↑ Grigson, Jane (2001). Charcuterie and French Pork Cookery. London: Grub Street. pp. 163–164. ISBN 9781902304885.
  4. ↑ David, Elizabeth (1980) [1951]. French Country Cooking (2nd rev. ed. 1965. Reprinted in Elizabeth David Classics ed.). London: Jill Norman. p. 93. ISBN 0906908035.
  5. ↑ Zeldes, Leah A. (Jan 13, 2009). "Eat this! Cassoulet, a hearty winter casserole from Southwestern France". Dining Chicago. Chicago's Restaurant & Entertainment Guide, Inc. Retrieved Jan 13, 2009.
  6. ↑ Pace, Gina (January 8, 2014). "Eats Beat: New York dining empires continue to expand". NY Daily News. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
  7. ↑ "2nd Annual National Cassoulet Day in NYC". The Epoch Times. 18 July 2015. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
  8. ↑ "We're Halfway There + Food Lover's Cleanse Day 8 Menu". Bon Appétit. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
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