Campbelltown, New South Wales

This article is about the suburb. For the local government area, see City of Campbelltown (New South Wales). For the electoral district, see Electoral district of Campbelltown.
Campbelltown
Sydney, New South Wales

Queen Street in Campbelltown
Campbelltown

Location in New South Wales

Coordinates 34°3′54″S 150°48′51″E / 34.06500°S 150.81417°E / -34.06500; 150.81417Coordinates: 34°3′54″S 150°48′51″E / 34.06500°S 150.81417°E / -34.06500; 150.81417
Population 145,967 (2011 census)[1]
Established 1820
Postcode(s) 2560
Location 51 km (32 mi) south-west of Sydney CBD
LGA(s) Campbelltown
Region Metropolitan Sydney, Macarthur, New South Wales
State electorate(s) Campbelltown
Federal Division(s) Macarthur
Suburbs around Campbelltown:
Blair Athol Woodbine Woodbine
Mount Annan Campbelltown Ruse
Glen Alpine Ambarvale Bradbury

Campbelltown is a suburb and major centre in the metropolitan area of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is located in Greater Western Sydney 50 kilometres (31 mi) south-west of the Sydney central business district. Campbelltown is the administrative seat of the local government area of the City of Campbelltown. It is also acknowledged on the register of the Geographical Names Board of New South Wales as one of only four cities within the Sydney metropolitan area.[2]

Campbelltown gets its name from Elizabeth Campbell,[3] the wife of former Governor of New South Wales Lachlan Macquarie. Originally called Campbell-Town, the name was later simplified to the current Campbelltown.[4]

History

The area that later became Campbelltown was inhabited prior to European settlement by the Tharawal people. Not long after the arrival of the First Fleet in Sydney in 1788, a small herd of six cattle escaped and weren't seen again by the British settlers for seven years. They were spotted, however, by the Tharawal people. In a rock art site called Bull Cave near Campbelltown, they drew a number of cattle with pronounced horns. The Tharawal described the cattle to British explorers and in 1795 the British found a herd of around 60 cattle grazing in the area now known as Camden.[5][6]

The colonial administration was keen for the herd to establish itself so forbade killing of the cattle or settlement in the area. But John Macarthur, who wanted to establish sheep in the colony, took a liking to the prime grazing land. He convinced the British government to overrule the local administration and grant him 5,000 acres (20 km2) just south of the Nepean River in 1805. Four years later a number of other grants were made to farmers between Camden and Liverpool.[7]

The Tharawal initially worked with the local farmers but a drought in 1814 led to large numbers of neighbouring Gandangara people moving into the area in search of food. Tensions developed between the British and the Gandangara leading to skirmishes and a number of deaths on each side. Governor Macquarie felt a permanent settlement would lead to order in the area and so Campbell-Town was born in 1820.[8]

Town development

Development of the town was slow at first, particularly after the departure of Macquarie, and it wasn't until 1831 that residents took possession of town land. However, it was during this period that Campbelltown's most famous incident occurred. In 1826, local farmer Frederick Fisher disappeared. According to folklore, his ghost appeared sitting on a fence rail over a creek just south of the town and pointed to a site where his body was later found to be buried. In memory of the incident, the Fisher's Ghost festival is held each November in Campbelltown.[9]

Campbelltown's population increased steadily in the decades following. The southern rail line was extended to Campbelltown in 1858, leading to further development, and in 1882, Campbelltown Council was established allowing municipal works to occur in earnest. Campbelltown became the first country town in New South Wales to have piped water in 1888 and in the period between the World Wars, a local power station was built to supply electricity to residents.[10]

Campbelltown was designated in the early 1960s as a satellite city by the New South Wales Planning Authority, and a regional capital for the south west of Sydney. There was extensive building and population growth in the intervening time and the government set aside land surrounding the township for public and private housing and industry.[11]

Climate

Campbelltown has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification: Cfa).

Climate data for Campbelltown Swimming Centre
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 45.8
(114.4)		 43.0
(109.4)		 40.8
(105.4)		 33.9
(93)		 28.3
(82.9)		 25.6
(78.1)		 24.1
(75.4)		 29.0
(84.2)		 35.9
(96.6)		 36.8
(98.2)		 42.2
(108)		 41.0
(105.8)		 45.8
(114.4)
Average high °C (°F) 28.2
(82.8)		 28.4
(83.1)		 26.8
(80.2)		 24.1
(75.4)		 20.4
(68.7)		 17.6
(63.7)		 17.1
(62.8)		 18.7
(65.7)		 21.4
(70.5)		 23.5
(74.3)		 25.8
(78.4)		 27.9
(82.2)		 23.3
(73.9)
Average low °C (°F) 16.7
(62.1)		 16.9
(62.4)		 15.0
(59)		 11.2
(52.2)		 7.6
(45.7)		 5.2
(41.4)		 3.2
(37.8)		 4.5
(40.1)		 7.0
(44.6)		 10.4
(50.7)		 12.6
(54.7)		 15.1
(59.2)		 10.4
(50.7)
Record low °C (°F) 7.2
(45)		 6.1
(43)		 3.9
(39)		 0.0
(32)		 −0.6
(30.9)		 −2.0
(28.4)		 −5.6
(21.9)		 −2.5
(27.5)		 −0.6
(30.9)		 1.1
(34)		 2.9
(37.2)		 6.5
(43.7)		 −5.6
(21.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 90.6
(3.567)		 78.6
(3.094)		 100.7
(3.965)		 62.6
(2.465)		 60.2
(2.37)		 81.6
(3.213)		 33.7
(1.327)		 50.4
(1.984)		 40.7
(1.602)		 74.3
(2.925)		 84.3
(3.319)		 70.5
(2.776)		 829.1
(32.642)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) 10.8 10.4 10.5 7.4 7.9 8.6 6.2 7.8 7.9 10.5 9.6 9.0 106.6
Source: [12]

Commercial area

Location map of Campbelltown based on NASA satellite images

The old town centre, as laid down by Lachlan Macquarie, is still the main commercial area and includes the Queen Street shopping strip, Campbelltown Mall, Campbelltown railway station and bus interchange, the council chambers and a number of historic buildings. The main residential area is to the south and east of the town centre. On the northwestern side of the railway line is an industrial area.

To the southwest is a second commercial area based around Macarthur railway station which includes the University of Western Sydney and Macarthur Square, a large shopping mall. It features an outdoor entertainment and restaurant precinct known as "Kellicar Lane" which opened after the most recent expansion in November 2005. It features a food court that has large glass windows that look over Kellicar Lane, Campbelltown and the surrounding countryside.

Historic buildings

The following buildings in central Campbelltown are listed on the Register of the National Estate.[13]

Transport

Campbelltown Railway Station

Campbelltown lies on the main road and rail links from Sydney to the south-west. The M5 South Western Motorway links Campbelltown north to Liverpool, Sydney Airport and Sydney CBD and south to Goulburn and Canberra.

Campbelltown railway station and Macarthur railway station are on the Airport, Inner West & South Line of the Sydney Trains network. Campbelltown is also the southern terminus of the Cumberland Line and the northern terminus of most Southern Highlands Line intercity services.

Campbelltown is also well serviced by buses. Busways provides a number of services from Campbelltown Station to virtually all the surrounding suburbs of Campbelltown as well as to Camden. Interline provides a service from Campbelltown to Glenfield and Picton Buslines provides a service from Campbelltown to Picton via Camden.[14][15][16]

Health

Campbelltown Hospital

Campbelltown Hospital is part of the South Western Sydney Local Health District and is located on the southern edge of the suburb near Ambarvale. Campbelltown Private Hospital is located nearby and with the Centric building[17] constitute a close-knit, combined public-private-consulting rooms complex within a convenient radius at Park Central.

Campbelltown Hospital is a major metropolitan hospital. Its emergency department is one of the busiest in Sydney, equipped with 32 beds and will expand further with the redevelopment of the hospital.[18] The hospital has a wide range of surgical specialties including general surgery (and its subspecialties of Breast & Endocrine surgery and Colorectal Surgery), orthopaedic surgery, ENT surgery, ophthalmology (Eye surgery), etc. Breast cancers, thyroid and parathyroid diseases, as well as colonic and rectal cancers are particularly well served by the hospital, with its surgeons managing high volumes of these diseases at both Campbelltown Public and Private hospitals.[19] The Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centre is a dedicated facility providing radiotherapy, chemotherapy and multidisciplinary cancer care to the local residents[20]

Bed capacity is currently at 340 during peak times, with a planned addition of 90 beds with the current redevelopment (stage 1), bringing it up to 430 beds by the end of 2015. The new hospital block with an additional 90 beds is nearing completion with planning of the next major stage of redevelopment already underway (stage 2). It has a well-equipped intensive care (ICU) and high dependency unit (HDU) with the ability to support ventilated and critically ill patients. The hospital is well supported by a radiology department with services including ultrasounds, CT scans as well as a state-of-the-art MRI scanner[21]

Education

Queen Street, Campbelltown, 1893. Image courtesy Campbelltown City Library.

The Western Sydney University (old name University of Western Sydney) has a Campbelltown Campus, located on Narellan Road.

There are a number of local schools, including:

In the surrounding suburbs are a number of other schools associated with Campbelltown such as Broughton Anglican College, Mount Carmel High School (Varroville), Menangle Park, and St Gregory's College, Campbelltown which is located in its own suburb, Gregory Hills.

Housing

The residential area has a combination of public and privately owned housing. Public housing estates are scattered across the region and the neighbouring areas.

Population

Glenalvon (1840), Lithgow Street

According to the 2011 census of Population, there were 110,400 people in the suburb of Campbelltown, and 262,615 residents in the Campbelltown Local Government Area. In the suburb of Campbelltown, 67.6% of people were born in Australia. The most common other countries of birth were England 4.1%, New Zealand 2.6%, Philippines 2.2%, India 1.4% and South Africa 0.9%. 75.4% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Arabic 3.4%, Samoan 1.3%, Spanish 1.3%, Tagalog 1.2% and Hindi 1.0%. The most common responses for religion in Campbelltown were Catholic 29.8%, Anglican 21.8%, No Religion 14.2%, Islam 14.1% and Presbyterian and Reformed 2.9%.[1]

Notable residents

Richmond Villa (circa 1840), Lithgow Street

Culture

St Peter's Church (circa 1823), Cordeaux Street

The Arts

Campbelltown Arts Centre

The Campbelltown Arts Centre, situated just south of the main town centre features a 180-seat performance space, exhibition galleries and workspaces. Outside is a sculpture garden and a Japanese Gardens and Teahouse that was a gift from Campbelltown's sister city Koshigaya in Japan.[32]

Fisher's Ghost Festival

The Fisher's Ghost Festival is an annual festival held in recognition of Frederick Fisher, an emancipated convict who owned farming land in Campbelltown. Legend has it that Fisher appeared to local man John Farley as a ghost after being murdered by George Worrall, his friend and neighbour, over a land dispute. An annual parade through Campbelltown's main street, Queen Street, is held each November, and a carnival including fairground rides and other entertainment is held at Bradbury oval, a local sports ground. Over a period of two weeks many activities take place, including the Fisher's Ghost Fun Run, the Fisher's Ghost Art Award and the Street Party which was formerly known as the Mardi Gras.[33]

Media

Campbelltown is home to two local radio stations, 2MCR and C91.3FM. The two local newspapers are the Campbelltown-Macarthur Advertiser and the Macarthur Chronicle.[34]

Sport and recreation

Campbelltown is very well known for its strong sporting culture. This includes Rugby League, Cricket, Athletics, Soccer and Australian Rules Football. Campbelltown has produced many professional athletes who have represented Australia at Olympic level. Its leading sporting team is the Wests Tigers who play in the National Rugby League competition. The Wests Tigers are a merger of two foundation clubs of the old New South Wales Rugby League premiership, the Western Suburbs Magpies and the Balmain Tigers. As such, they play some of their home games at Campbelltown Stadium in neighbouring Leumeah and others at Leichhardt Oval. The Magpies still exist as a stand-alone team in the lower tier competition, the New South Wales Cup.

Another tenant of Campbelltown Stadium is the Macarthur Rams soccer team which plays in the New South Wales Premier League competition.[35] Campbelltown is represented in the Sydney Grade Cricket competition by the Campbelltown-Camden Ghosts who play their home games in Raby[36] and in the Sydney AFL's Premier Division, by the Campbelltown Blues who play their home games in Macquarie Fields.[37] The Campbelltown District Netball Association, based in Minto, plays in the third division of the Netball NSW State League.[38][39]

References

  1. 1 2 Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Campbelltown (State Suburb)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
  2. ↑ "Geographical Names Register Extract: List of placenames acknowledged as a CITY" (.CSV). Geographical Names Register (GNR) of NSW. Geographical Names Board of New South Wales. Retrieved 31 August 2008.
  3. ↑ http://www.panoramio.com/photo/63103410
  4. ↑ "History of Campbelltown". Campbelltown City Council. Retrieved 14 March 2008.
  5. ↑ Liston, C: Campbelltown: The Bicentennial History, Allen & Unwin, 1988: p.1-4. ISBN 0-04-324015-1
  6. ↑ "History of the Macarthur Region". Campbelltown City Council. Retrieved 14 March 2008.
  7. ↑ Liston, C: Campbelltown: The Bicentennial History, Allen & Unwin, 1988: pp. 5–8. ISBN 0-04-324015-1.
  8. ↑ Liston, C: Campbelltown: The Bicentennial History, Allen & Unwin, 1988: pp. 10–23. ISBN 0-04-324015-1.
  9. ↑ "Campbelltown". Sydney Morning Herald. 8 February 2004. Retrieved 14 March 2008.
  10. ↑ "History of Campbelltown". Campbelltown City Council. Retrieved 14 March 2008.
  11. ↑ The Book of Sydney Suburbs, Frances Pollon, Angus & Robertson Publishers, 1990, p. 45, ISBN 0-207-14495-8.
  12. ↑ "Climate statistics for Campbelltown". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 21 November 2013.
  13. ↑ The Heritage of Australia, Macmillan Company, 1981, p. 2/19.
  14. ↑ "Macarthur Bus Network Map" (PDF). Busways. Retrieved 16 April 2008.
  15. ↑ "870 timetable" (PDF). Interline. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2008. Retrieved 16 April 2008.
  16. ↑ "Picton District Map" (PDF). Picton Buslines. Retrieved 16 April 2008.
  17. ↑ "4 Hyde Parade, Campbelltown, NSW". Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  18. ↑ "Campbelltown Hospital Redevelopment". Retrieved 10 September 2012.
  19. ↑
  20. ↑ http://www.sswahs.nsw.gov.au/sswahs/cancer/location.html
  21. ↑ http://www.abc.net.au/news/2010-07-22/roxon-announces-mri-for-campbelltown/915498
  22. ↑ News. Tim Campbell. Retrieved 2011-05-03.
  23. ↑ "Nicole Callisto". Cycling Australia. Retrieved 2 January 2009.
  24. ↑ MacDonald, Cameron (1974). "Australian Dictionary of Bibliography". Alexander Cameron MacDonald. Australian Dictionary of Bibliography. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
  25. ↑ Lyons, Mark (1974). "Australian Dictionary of Bibliography". Joseph Leary. Australian Dictionary of Bibliography. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
  26. ↑ Waterson, D.B (2005). "Australian Dictionary of Bibliography". Peter Fitzallan MacDonald. Australian Dictionary of Bibliography. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
  27. ↑ "BAFTA Winner". British Academy of Film & Television. Retrieved 22 November 2006.
  28. ↑ "iEmmy Winner". by Roel ten Cate, Parkes Champion Post. 20 March 2013.
  29. ↑ Australian Dictionary of Biography Online
  30. ↑ Former Leumeah High student Jarryd Hayne to star in NRL grand final – Rugby League – Sport – Macarthur Chronicle Wollondilly Edition. Macarthur-chronicle-wollondilly.whereilive.com.au. Retrieved 2011-05-03.
  31. 1 2 Massoud, Josh. (2009-06-27) Minto mates Israel Folau, Krisnan Inu, Jarryd Hayne keeping the faith. Herald Sun. Retrieved 2011-05-03.
  32. ↑ "Art and Culture". Campbelltown City Council. Retrieved 23 May 2009.
  33. ↑ "Festival info". Campbelltown City Council. Retrieved 23 May 2009.
  34. ↑ "Local Media". Campbelltown City Council. Retrieved 23 May 2009.
  35. ↑ "Macarthur District Soccer Football Association". Macarthur District Soccer Football Association. Retrieved 6 April 2008.
  36. ↑ "Campbelltown-Camden Ghosts". NSW Cricket. Retrieved 6 April 2008.
  37. ↑ "Campbelltown Blues". Sydney AFL. Retrieved 16 August 2012.
  38. ↑ "State League Div 3". Netball NSW. Retrieved 6 April 2008.
  39. ↑ "Campbelltown District Netball Association". Campbelltown District Netball Association. Retrieved 6 April 2008.
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