Calcium-binding protein

Calcium-binding proteins are proteins that participate in calcium cell signalling pathways by binding to Ca2+.

Many different calcium-binding proteins exist, with different cellular and tissue distribution and involvement in specific functions.[1]

The most ubiquitous Ca2+-sensing protein, found in all eukaryotic organisms including yeasts, is calmodulin.

Intracellular storage and release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum is associated with the high-capacity, low-affinity calcium-binding protein calsequestrin.[2]

With their role in signal transduction, calcium-binding proteins contribute to all aspects of the cell's functioning, from homeostasis to learning and memory.

For example, the neuron-specific calexcitin has been found to have an excitatory effect on neurons, and interacts with proteins that control the firing state of neurons, such as the voltage-dependent potassium channel.[3]

Compartmentalization of calcium binding proteins has been noted within cells, suggesting that these proteins perform distinct functions in localized calcium signaling.[4] It also indicates that in addition to freely diffusing through the cytoplasm to attain a homogeneous distribution, calcium binding proteins can bind to cellular structures through interactions that are likely important for their functions.[4]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Yáñez M, Gil-Longo J, Campos-Toimil M (2012). "Calcium binding proteins.". Adv Exp Med Biol 740: 461–82. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2888-2_19. PMID 22453954.
  2. ↑ Siegel, George (Ed.). Basic neurochemistry: molecular, cellular and medical aspects. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins / 1999 ISBN 0-397-51820-X
  3. ↑ Nelson T, Cavallaro S, Yi C, McPhie D, Schreurs B, Gusev P, Favit A, Zohar O, Kim J, Beushausen S, Ascoli G, Olds J, Neve R, Alkon D (1996). "Calexcitin: a signaling protein that binds calcium and GTP, inhibits potassium channels, and enhances membrane excitability". PNAS 93 (24): 13808–13. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.24.13808. PMC 19433. PMID 8943017.
  4. 1 2 Mojumder DK, Wensel TG, Frishman LJ (Aug 2008). "Subcellular compartmentalization of two calcium binding proteins, calretinin and calbindin-28 kDa, in ganglion and amacrine cells of the rat retina". Molecular Vision 14: 1600–1613. PMC 2528027. PMID 18769561.

External links

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