Bzhedug Adyghe dialect
Bzhedug Adyghe dialect | |
---|---|
Native to | Republic of Adygea, Biga |
Northwest Caucasian
| |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | – |
Glottolog |
bezh1247 [1] |
The Bzhedug dialect (Adyghe: Бжъэдыгъубзэ) is a dialect of Adyghe.[2] The Bzhedug dialect is spoken by the Bzhedugs who live mostly in Adygea and Biga.
Phonology
Aspirated consonants
In the Bzhedug dialect (Like the Shapsug dialect) there exist a series of aspirated consonants (/pʰ/ /tʰ/ /ʃʰ/ /t͡sʰ/ /t͡ʃʰ/ /t͡ʂʰ/ /t͡ɕʰʷ/ /kʰʷ/ /qʰ/ /qʰʷ/) that became plain consonants in other dialects :
Word | Adyghe | Kabardian | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bzhedug | Temirgoy and Abzakh | |||||
IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | |
sharp | pʰaːpt͡sʼa | пʰапцӏэ | paːpt͡sʼa | папцӏэ | paːpsʼa | paːpt͡sʼa |
arrogant | pʰaːɣa | пʰагэ | paːɣa | пагэ | paːɣa | пагэ |
nose | pʰa | пʰэ | pa | пэ | pa | пэ |
Word | Adyghe | Kabardian | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bzhedug | Temirgoy and Abzakh | |||||
IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | |
respect | pχaːtʰa | пхъатʰэ | pχaːta | пхъатэ | - | - |
to give | jatʰən | етʰын | jatən | етын | jatən | етын |
to take | ʃtʰan | штʰэн | ʃtan | штэн | ɕtan | щтэн |
on | tʰajt | тʰет | tajt | тет | tat | тет |
smooth | t͡sʼaːʂʷtʰa | цӏашъутʰэ | t͡sʼaːʃʷta | цӏашъутэ | t͡sʼaːfta | цӏафтэ |
to afraid | ɕtʰan | щтʰэн | ɕtan | щтэн | ɕtan | щтэн |
pillow | ʂħaːntʰa | шъхьантʰэ | ʂħaːnta | шъхьантэ | ɕħaːta | щхьатэ |
Word | Adyghe | Kabardian | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bzhedug | Temirgoy and Abzakh | |||||
IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | |
wool | t͡sʰə | цʰы | t͡sə | цы | t͡sə | цы |
eyelash | nabzət͡sʰ | нэбзыцʰ | nabzət͡s | нэбзыц | - | - |
Word | Adyghe | Kabardian | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bzhedug | Temirgoy and Abzakh | |||||
IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | |
milk | ʃʰa | шʰэ | ɕa | щэ | ʃa | шэ |
lame | ɬaːʃʰa | лъашʰэ | ɬaːɕa | лъащэ | ɬaːʃa | лъашэ |
salt | ʃʰəʁʷ | шʰыгъу | ɕəʁʷ | щыгъу | ʃəʁʷ | шыгъу |
cloud | pʃʰa | пшʰэ | pɕa | пщэ | pʃa | пшэ |
pus | ʃʰənə | шʰыны | ɕənə | щыны | ʃən | шын |
accordion | pʃʰəna | пшʰынэ | pɕəna | пщынэ | pʃəna | пшынэ |
fat | pʃʰarə | пшʰэры | pɕarə | пщэры | pʃar | пшэр |
wax | ʃʰafə | шʰэфы | ʃafə | шэфы | ʃaxʷə | шэху |
horse | ʃʰə | шʰы | ʃə | шы | ʃə | шы |
sand | pʃʰaːχʷa | пшʰахъо | pʃaːχʷa | пшахъо | pʃaːχʷa | пшахъуэ |
story | pʃʰəsa | пшʰысэ | pʃəsa | пшысэ | pʃəsa | пшысэ |
Word | Adyghe | Kabardian | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bzhedug | Temirgoy and Abzakh | |||||
IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | |
spleen | t͡ʃʰa | чʰэ | t͡ʃa | чэ | t͡ʃa | чэ |
brushwood twig | t͡ʃʰə | чʰы | t͡ʃə | чы | t͡ʃə | чы |
to cough | pst͡ʃʰan | псчʰэн | pst͡ʃan | псчэн | pst͡ʃan | псчэн |
Word | Adyghe | Kabardian | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bzhedug | Temirgoy and Abzakh | |||||
IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | |
middle | kʰʷə | кʰу | kʷə | ку | kʷə | ку |
thigh | kʰʷa | кʰо | kʷa | ко | kʷa | куэ |
Word | Adyghe | Kabardian | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bzhedug | Temirgoy and Abzakh | |||||
IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | |
grave | qʰa | къʰэ | qa | къэ | q͡χa | кхъэ |
Word | Adyghe | Kabardian | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bzhedug | Temirgoy and Abzakh | |||||
IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | |
pig | qʰʷa | къʰо | qʷa | къо | q͡χʷa | кхъуэ |
Word | Adyghe | Kabardian | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bzhedug | Temirgoy | |||||
IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | |
jungle/bushy area | t͡ɕʰʷənə | чъʰуны | t͡sʷənə | цуны | fən | фын |
Others
In the Bzhedug dialect (like Shapsug and Abzakh) there exist a labialized voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate [t͡ɕʷ] ⟨чъу⟩ that correspond to [t͡sʷ] ⟨цу⟩ in standard Adyghe Temirgoy.
Meaning | Bzhedug | Standard Adyghe | Kabardian | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | |
shoe | чъуакъэ | t͡ɕʷaːqa | цуакъэ | t͡sʷaːqa | вакъэ | vaːqa |
to stop | учъун | wət͡ɕʷən | уцун | wət͡sʷən | увын | wəvən |
ox | чъу | t͡ɕʷʷə | цу | t͡sʷə | вы | və |
ploughshare | чъуабзэ | t͡ɕʷaːbza | цуабзэ | t͡sʷaːbza | вабзэ | vaːbza |
- In the Bzhedug dialect there exist a labialized voiceless retroflex sibilant [ʂʷ] and labialized voiced retroflex sibilant [ʐʷ] that correspond to [ʃʷ] and [ʒʷ] in other Adyghe dialects.
Word | Adyghe | Standart Kabardian | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Standard Adyghe | Bzhedug | |||||
IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | |
what | ʃʷəqajblaːʁ | шъукъеблагъ | ʂʷəqajblaːʁ | шъукъеблагъ | fəqeblaːʁa | фыкъеблагъэ |
you (plural) | ʃʷa | шъо | ʃʷa | шъо | fa | фэ |
stone | məʒʷa | мыжъо | məʐʷa | мыжъо | məva | мывэ |
Grammar differences
Noun instrumental case
In the instrumental case the noun has the suffix мджэ (-md͡ʒa) or -джэ (-d͡ʒa) unlike other dialects (e.g. Abzakh, Temirgoy and Standard Kabardian) that has the suffix -мкӏэ (-mt͡ʃʼa) or -кӏэ (-t͡ʃʼa) :
- Bzhedug dialect: Кӏалэр Адыгэбзэджэ мэгущаӏэ ↔ Standard: Кӏалэр Адыгэбзэкӏэ мэгущаӏэ - "The boy speaks (using) Adyghe language".
- Bzhedug dialect: Къэлэмымджэ сэтхэ ↔ Standard: Къэлэмымкӏэ сэтхэ - "I write (using) with the pencil".
Future tense Suffix ~эщт (~aɕt)
In this dialect the verb has the suffix ~эт (~at) and in some cases ~ыт (~ət) unlike standard Adyghe (Temirgoy) that has the Suffix ~щт (~ɕt).
Word | Adyghe | Standart Kabardian | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Standard Adyghe | Bzhedug and Shapsug | |||||
IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | |
I will go | səkʷʼaɕt | сыкӏощт | səkʷʼat | сыкIот | səkʷʼanəwɕ | сыкӏуэнущ |
you will go | wəkʷʼaɕt | укӏощт | wəkʷʼat | укIот | wəkʷʼanəwɕ | укӏуэнущ |
he will go | makʷʼaɕt | мэкӏощт | makʷʼat | мэкIот | makʷʼanəwɕ | мэкӏуэнущ |
we will go | təkʷʼaɕt | тыкӏощт | ʂʷəkʷʼat | тыкIот | dəkʷʼanəwɕ | дыкӏуэнущ |
you (plural) will go | ʃʷəkʷaɕt | шъукӏощт | ʃʷəkʷʼat | шъукӏот | fəkʷʼanəwɕ | фыкӏуэнущ |
they will go | maːkʷatəɕx | макӏощтых | maːkʷʼatəx | макӏотых | jaːkʷʼanəwɕ | якӏуэнущ |
Unique words
Word | Adyghe | Standart Kabardian | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Standard Adyghe | Bzhedug | |||||
IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | IPA | Cyrillic | |
what | səd | сыд | ʂəd | шъыд | sət | сыт |
how | sədaw | сыдэу | ʂədaw | шъыдэу | dawə | дауэ |
he/she/it | aɕ | ащ | аj | ай | - | - |
near | daʑ | дэжь | daj | дэй | dajʒ | деж |
self | jaʑ | ежь | jaj | ей | jazə | езы |
Sample text
Зэгорэм тыгъэжьымрэ тыгъэмрэ зынэкъокъугъэх анахь лъэшыр язэрымгъашIэу. А лъэхъан дэдэм тефэу зекIогорэ кIакIо техъуагъэу гъогум къэрыкIоу алъэгъугъ ыкIи рахъухьагъ тIумэ язэу гъогурыкIом икIакIо зыщэзгъэхэрыр анахь лъэшэу алъытэнэу. Ай дэй тыгъэжьым зэрыфэлъэкIэу къэпщэу къыригъэжьагъ. Ау ар нахь лъэшэу къепщы къэсми, гъогурыкIом кIакIом нахь зыкIоцIищахьытыгъэ. Ыужыпкъэм тыгъежьыр иморад ыужы икIыжьын фае хъугъэ.ЕтIуанэ тыгъэр къэпсыгъ, гъогурыкIор фабэ къэпагъ, ыкIи ай лъэпэтэу кIакIор зыщихыгъ. Аущтэу тыгъэжьым тыгъэр ей нахьыри нахьы зэрылъэшыр къэгурымэIомэ мэхъонэу хъугъэ.[3]
See also
- Hakuchi Adyghe dialect
- Kfar Kama Adyghe dialect
- Shapsug Adyghe dialect
- Abzakh Adyghe dialect
- Baslaney dialect
External links
- A song in Bzhedug dialect (Emizh Nurbi - Come Home in peace)
- A song in Bzhedug dialect (Emizh Nurbi - I want you)
References
- ↑ Nordhoff, Sebastian; Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2013). "Bzhedug". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
- ↑ Bzhedug dialect (French)
- ↑ "Tamara Udzhuxu (Bzhedugh Dialect)".