Buso Renkin

Buso Renkin

Cover of the first English volume of Buso Renkin, published by Viz Media on August 1, 2006
武装錬金
(Busō Renkin)
Genre Action, Supernatural
Manga
Written by Nobuhiro Watsuki
Published by Shueisha
English publisher
Demographic Shōnen
Magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump
Original run June 23, 2003 – April 25, 2005
Volumes 10
Anime television series
Directed by Takao Kato
Music by Kohei Tanaka
Studio Xebec
Licensed by
Funimation
(for Funimation Channel)
Network TV Tokyo
English network
Original run October 5, 2006 – March 29, 2007
Episodes 26
Light novel
Written by Kaoru Kurosaki
Published by Shueisha
Demographic Shōnen
Original run October 30, 2006 – May 25, 2007
Volumes 2

Buso Renkin (Japanese: 武装錬金 Hepburn: Busō Renkin, lit. "Arms Alchemy") is a manga series written and drawn by Nobuhiro Watsuki. It follows Kazuki Muto, who becomes an alchemical warrior in the battle against alchemical monsters known as homunculi. Watsuki envisioned the manga as his last shōnen manga, and then he tried to do as much as he could with that genre. It was serialized in Shueisha's magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump from June 2003 to April 2005. The individual chapters were republished by Shueisha in ten tankōbon volumes. The series has been licensed by Viz Media for North American release.

The manga has been adapted into an anime television series, which was produced by Xebec and was broadcast on Japanese television network TV Tokyo from 2006 to 2007. In December 2007, the anime was announced for North American DVD release by Viz Media.[1] In 2009, the series made its American television debut on the Funimation Channel, with American broadcast rights acquired by Funimation from Viz Media.[2] The series has also spawned two drama CDs, two light novels, a PlayStation 2 video game, and many types of Buso Renkin-themed merchandise.

In Japan, the Buso Renkin manga has sold over 3 million volumes and was nominated for a Seiun Award. It received a mixed reception from manga and anime publications. Watsuki's art received the most positive comments from reviewers, while other aspects of the manga, such as its action and characters, have divided critics' opinions. The anime, which critics described as a generic shōnen fighting series, received a mostly negative reception.

Plot

The narrative of Buso Renkin follows Kazuki Muto, who saves Tokiko Tsumura and is killed by an alchemical monster known as a homunculus. Tokiko, an alchemist warrior, feels responsible and revives him by replacing his destroyed heart with a kakugane (核鉄). The kakugane is an alchemical device which, when activated, takes a weapon form based on its user's personality, forming a buso renkin—the only thing that can destroy a homunculus. Kazuki creates his own buso renkin and joins Tokiko in the fight against the homunculi and their master, Koushaku Chouno. Chouno, who has renamed himself "Papillon", is killed by Kazuki, but is later resurrected by the L.X.E., a humanoid homunculi group led by Chouno's great-great-grandfather Bakushaku Chouno, now calling himself Dr. Butterfly. In various battles, Kazuki, Tokiko and Captain Bravo (their team leader) destroy most of the L.X.E.'s members. After learning that Dr. Butterfly believes him to be weak and useless, Papillon rebels against the L.X.E. and kills Dr. Butterfly.

Before his death, Dr. Butterfly drains the energy of the students at Kazuki's school to heal and revive Victor, a being superior to humans and homunculi. Victor is confronted by Kazuki, but Victor is not interested in fighting and leaves. During the battle, however, Kazuki's kakugane is revealed to be the same type as the Victor's—a black kakugane created by the Alchemist Army as a prototype to the philosopher's stone. The black kakugane absorbs human life forces; to prevent this from happening, Kazuki's death is ordered by the Alchemist Army. Captain Bravo tries to kill Kazuki, but Tokiko finds him alive. A team is commissioned to confirm Kazuki's death, but Kazuki, Tokiko and Gouta Nakamura (an Alchemist Warrior and former protégé of Tokiko's) fight their way past the members of the Re-Extermination Squad. Later, Kazuki's death is postponed because, as the Alchemists' leader explains, their top priority is to defeat Victor.

Kazuki and Tokiko find the white kakugane, which can negate the effects of the black kakugane and is guarded by Victor's daughter Victoria, who is herself a humanoid homunculus. During the Alchemist Army's final battle against Victor, Kazuki applies the white kakugane to Victor, but it only weakens him. To protect humankind from both of them, Kazuki propels himself and Victor to the moon. Later, Papillion creates a white kakugane to heal Kazuki. The Alchemist Army rescues Kazuki, creates another white kakugane and restores Victor's humanity. Reunited with his daughter, Victor asks the Alchemist Army to turn him into a homunculus and tells them that he and his daughter will lead all the homunculi to the moon. The Alchemist Army dedicates itself to research a way to revert homunculi back into humans, ending their war activities. All Warriors abdicate their kakugane. Kazuki and Tokiko return to their daily lives together while Papillon becomes an urban legend throughout Japan.

Production and publication

Nobuhiro Watsuki started writing Buso Renkin thinking it would be his last shōnen manga; he tried to do "everything [he] ever wanted" with that genre. He unexpectedly experienced problems drawing the manga's fight scenes and said he "struggled with the comedic elements".[3] Watsuki drew references from several sources in Buso Renkin; from his past works Rurouni Kenshin[4] and Gun Blaze West[5] to American comics,[6] and from films to other anime and manga.[7] Despite dealing with alchemy, Watsuki initially avoided mentioning the philosopher's stone because he thought he could be accused of plagiarizing another series. He could not omit mentioning it, but he said that it is "general knowledge".[7] During the series' publication, Watsuki had four severe colds; the fourth cold made him so weak that he could not finish the chapter he was due to send to Weekly Shōnen Jump.[3]

The chapters of Buso Renkin were written and illustrated by Nobuhiro Watsuki and were serialized in Shueisha's shōnen magazine Weekly Shōnen Jump from June 23, 2003, to April 25, 2005.[8][9] Only the first 79 chapters were serialized in Weekly Shōnen Jump; the final chapter was published in another magazine from Shueisha in two installments.[10][11] Shueisha published the individual chapters in a series of ten tankōbon (collected volumes), which were released between January 5, 2004, and April 4, 2006.[12][13] In North America, Viz Media released the manga's ten tankōbon volumes between August 1, 2006, and February 5, 2008.[14][15] The manga has been licensed in Brazil by Editora JBC,[16] France by Glénat,[17] in Germany by Tokyopop Germany,[18] in Italy by Panini Comics,[19] and in Spain by Planeta DeLibros.[20]

Anime adaptation

In Japan, the Buso Renkin manga was adapted into an anime series which ran on TV Tokyo; it was directed by Takao Kato and produced by Xebec.[21] Buso Renkin aired between October 4, 2006, and March 28, 2007.[22][23] The episodes were later released by Geneon Universal Entertainment in nine DVD compilations between January 25, 2007, and September 21, 2007.[24] DVD box sets containing all twenty-six episodes were released on November 26, 2009,[25] and on February 27, 2013.[26] Geneon Universal Entertainment released an animation soundtrack CD for Buso Renkin on January 25, 2007.[27]

On December 8, 2007, Viz Media announced the release of the English dub, which would be released in two DVD sets of thirteen episodes each.[28] The first set containing episodes one to thirteen was released on April 29, 2008.[29] The second set containing episodes fourteen to twenty-six was released on October 7, 2008.[30] Funimation launched Buso Renkin on their Funimation Channel on April 27, 2009, marking the series' American television debut.[31][32]On December 20, 2009, the first three episodes from the series were officially uploaded to Hulu and Viz Media's portal.[33] Two episodes were uploaded weekly thereafter; the final episode was uploaded on March 8, 2010.[34][35] Beginning on October 2, 2012, Buso Renkin was streamed on Neon Alley.[36]

Related media

Shueisha released two drama CDs for Buso Renkin. The first CD was released on May 26, 2005,[37] and the second CD was released on October 6, 2006.[38] It also released two "Expert CDs", which features the radio drama, opening and ending themes and unreleased soundtrack songs. The first CD, Expert CD 1, was released on March 28, 2007.[39] The second CD, Expert CD 2, was released on June 8, 2007.[40]

Two light novels were written by Kaoru Kurosaki, illustrated by Watsuki, and published under the Jump J Books line by Shueisha. The first one, Buso Renkin Double Slash (武装錬金//), was published in October 31, 2006, and Buso Renkin Slash Zeta (武装錬金/Z) was released on May 25, 2007.[41][42] A guidebook titled Buso Renkin Infinity was published by Shueisha on May 2, 2007.[43]

Two Nintendo DS fighting games, Jump Super Stars and Jump Ultimate Stars, have featured characters from the series.[44][45] A PlayStation 2 video game developed and published by Marvelous Entertainment was released on June 28, 2007, under the title Buso Renkin Youkoso Papillon Park e (武装錬金 ようこそパピヨンパークへ).[46] In Japan, action figures, T-shirts, a trading card game series, key chains, straps, and a variety of other products were sold as merchandise for the series.[47]

Reception

In Japan, Buso Renkin has sold over three million volumes.[48] In North America, the first volume has featured in the best-selling graphic novel ranking of Nielsen BookScan,[49] and the fourth volume of the series was the seventh best-selling comic book of March 2007, according to Publishers Weekly.[50] In the same year, it was nominated for the Seiun Award for best science fiction comic title of the year.[51]

The manga's critical reaction has been mixed. Most critics reached a consensus regarding the high quality of its art, describing it as "crisp", "solid", and "clean and well done".[52][53][54][55] Other aspects of the series have divided critics' opinions. Manga Life's Michael Aronson praised the enemy designs,[53] while Carlo Santos of Anime News Network (ANN) criticized them, adding the series "is not much fun to read, and certainly no fun to look at".[56] Writing for Active Anime, Sandra Scholes found points of interest in the series' story, and praised its action.[52] Santos said the action "got all the drive and excitement of shounen action",[56] and Comic Book Bin's Leroy Douresseaux called the series "a mixture of Dragonball Z and Naruto, but filled with even more weirdness".[54]

Aronson said the storytelling and action needed "clarity".[53] Leigh Dragoon from Sequential Tart described Buso Renkin as "derivative" and "hackneyed", and called the characters "completely forgettable".[55] Conversely, Patti Martinson writing for the same site said that they "are distinctive and interesting". Martinson noted "the complexity of the plot", though she said it is not difficult to follow. She added there was "a lot of strong material" that can be developed throughout the series.[57] Holly Ellingwood praised the final volume, stating that Watsuki did "a fabulous job of covering all fronts and the various characters, juggling them effectively" and that it ends "in an amazing way".[58]

The anime was met with mostly negative critical reception. ANN critic Zac Bertschy said Buso Renkin "isn't anything special", criticizing the "threadbare plot exposition" and its clichés, but praised the way it "get[s] right to the action".[59] Writing for ANN, Luke Carroll stated the series is generic and that it became "[a] bit more tolerable ... during its light-hearted moments".[60] ANN's Carl Kimlinger said the anime follows "shounen fighting formula"; he praised Tokiko's characterization, saying it is one characteristic that distinguish the series.[61] Kimlinger also praised the way it "improves considerably" because of its twists in the plot.[62] UK Anime Network's Andy Hanley also called it "generic" at the start, but said it "has a fairly decent stab" in the second half.[63][64] Chris Beveridge of Mania praised the balance between the humor and the "lighter side", and stated that Buso Renkin "took the clichés and obviousness of ideas and ran with it in an engaging and fun manner".[65][66]

References

  1. ↑ "New York Anime Festival and ICv2 Conference on Anime and Manga". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on January 14, 2010. Retrieved January 14, 2010.
  2. ↑ "5 Viz Series Launch On FUNimation Channel Marking American TV Debut". Anime News Network.
  3. 1 2 Watsuki, Nobuhiro (February 5, 2008). "Afterward". Buso Renkin, Vol. 10. Viz Media. pp. 182–183. ISBN 1-4215-1542-3.
  4. ↑ Watsuki, Nobuhiro (August 1, 2006). "Character File No. 1". Buso Renkin, Vol. 1. Viz Media. ISBN 1-4215-0615-7.
  5. ↑ Watsuki, Nobuhiro (February 5, 2008). "Buso Renkin File No. 20". Buso Renkin, Vol. 10. Viz Media. ISBN 1-4215-1542-3.
  6. ↑ Watsuki, Nobuhiro (February 5, 2008). "Buso Renkin File No. 22". Buso Renkin, Vol. 10. Viz Media. ISBN 1-4215-1542-3.
  7. 1 2 Watsuki, Nobuhiro (June 5, 2007). "Liner Notes #46 ~ 49". Buso Renkin, Vol. 6. Viz Media. ISBN 1-4215-0842-7.
  8. ↑ "週刊少年ジャンプ 2003年 Vol. 30". Shueisha. Archived from the original on January 29, 2008. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  9. ↑ Watsuki; Nobuhiro (April 25, 2005). "Boy Meets Battle Girl". Weekly Shōnen Jump. Buso Renkin (in Japanese) (Shueisha) (21-22).
  10. ↑ "Liner Notes #74 ~ Last Chapter". Buso Renkin, Volume 9. Viz Media. December 4, 2007. ISBN 1-4215-1047-2.
  11. ↑ "Liner Notes: Buso Renkin: Period". Buso Renkin, Volume 10. Viz Media. February 5, 2008. ISBN 1-4215-1542-3.
  12. ↑ 武装錬金 1 (in Japanese). Shueisha. Archived from the original on January 7, 2012. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  13. ↑ 武装錬金 10 (in Japanese). Shueisha. Archived from the original on January 7, 2012. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  14. ↑ "Buso Renkin, Vol. 1". Viz Media. Archived from the original on July 5, 2014. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  15. ↑ "Buso Renkin, Vol. 10". Viz Media. Archived from the original on July 5, 2014. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  16. ↑ "Mangá Buso Renkin" (in Portuguese). Editora JBC. Archived from the original on February 9, 2014. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
  17. ↑ "Buso Renkin - Tome 10" (in French). Glénat. Archived from the original on July 5, 2014. Retrieved February 13, 2014.
  18. ↑ "Buso Renkin - Band 10" (in German). Tokyopop Germany. Archived from the original on May 12, 2009. Retrieved February 13, 2014.
  19. ↑ "Il Guerriero Alchemico" (in Italian). Panini Comics. Archived from the original on July 5, 2014. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  20. ↑ "Armamento Alquimista nº 10/10" (in Spanish). PlanetadeLibros. Archived from the original on July 15, 2015. Retrieved July 15, 2015.
  21. ↑ "Buso Renkin official website" (in Japanese). Xebec. Archived from the original on January 15, 2010. Retrieved January 15, 2010.
  22. ↑ "Episode 1" (in Japanese). Xebec. Archived from the original on August 1, 2010. Retrieved May 9, 2010.
  23. ↑ "Episode 26" (in Japanese). Xebec. Archived from the original on August 1, 2010. Retrieved May 9, 2010.
  24. ↑ "Buso Renkin DVDs" (in Japanese). Xebec. November 13, 2009. Archived from the original on June 29, 2010. Retrieved May 8, 2010.
  25. ↑ "武装錬金 DVD-Box" (in Japanese). Geneon Universal Entertainment. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved February 13, 2014.
  26. ↑ "武装錬金 DVD_SET" (in Japanese). Geneon Universal Entertainment. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved July 6, 2014.
  27. ↑ 武装錬金オリジナルサウンドトラック (in Japanese). Geneon Universal Entertainment. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved July 6, 2014.
  28. ↑ "New York Anime Festival and ICv2 Conference on Anime and Manga". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on January 14, 2010. Retrieved January 14, 2010.
  29. ↑ "Buso Renkin, Vol. 1 (DVD Box Set)". Viz Media. Archived from the original on July 5, 2014. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  30. ↑ "Buso Renkin, Vol. 2 (DVD Box Set)". Viz Media. Archived from the original on July 5, 2014. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  31. ↑ "Mon 27 Apr 2009-Sun 3 May 2009: Time zone: USA Eastern". Funimation. Archived from the original on April 20, 2009. Retrieved January 7, 2012.
  32. ↑ "5 Viz Series Launch On FUNimation Channel Marking American TV Debut". Anime News Network.
  33. ↑ "Buso Renkin episodes 1–12". Viz Media. Archived from the original on October 11, 2010. Retrieved October 11, 2010.
  34. ↑ "Buso Renkin episodes 13–20". Viz Media. Archived from the original on October 11, 2010. Retrieved October 11, 2010.
  35. ↑ "Buso Renkin episodes 21–26". Viz Media. Archived from the original on October 11, 2010. Retrieved October 11, 2010.
  36. ↑ "Neon Alley October 1–18, 2012 schedule" (PDF). Neon Alley. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 4, 2012. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
  37. ↑ "武装錬金 ドラマCD" (in Japanese). Shueisha. Archived from the original on October 9, 2006. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  38. ↑ "武装錬金 ドラマCD 2" (in Japanese). Shueisha. Archived from the original on October 9, 2006. Retrieved 2009-07-27.
  39. ↑ "武装錬金EXPERT-CD1" (in Japanese). Geneon Universal Entertainment. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved July 6, 2014.
  40. ↑ "武装錬金EXPERT-CD2" (in Japanese). Geneon Universal Entertainment. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved July 6, 2014.
  41. ↑ 武装錬金／／ (in Japanese). Shueisha. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved February 13, 2014.
  42. ↑ "武装錬金／Z" (in Japanese). Shueisha. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved February 13, 2014.
  43. ↑ "Books" (in Japanese). Busourenkin.com. Archived from the original on February 14, 2008. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  44. ↑ 武装錬金 - キャラクター紹介 (in Japanese). Nintendo. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  45. ↑ "Jump Ultimate Stars - 武装錬金" (in Japanese). Nintendo. Archived from the original on March 11, 2007. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  46. ↑ "Game" (in Japanese). Busourenkin.com. Archived from the original on February 14, 2008. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  47. ↑ "Goods" (in Japanese). Busourenkin.com. Archived from the original on January 31, 2008. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  48. ↑ "武装錬金 VIII" (in Japanese). Geneon Universal Entertainment. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  49. ↑ "Top 10 Selling Graphic Novels For Week Ending August 6". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
  50. ↑ "Comics Bestsellers: March". Publishers Weekly. Archived from the original on March 11, 2007. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  51. ↑ 2007年星雲賞 (in Japanese). Nihon SF Taikai. Archived from the original on April 6, 2007. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  52. 1 2 Scholes, Sandra (April 12, 2008). "Buso Renkin Vol. 1". Active Anime. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
  53. 1 2 3 Aronson, Michael. "Buso Renkin v1". Manga Life. Silver Bullet Comics. Archived from the original on October 14, 2007. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
  54. 1 2 Douresseaux, Leroy (September 16, 2007). "Buso Renkin: Volume 8". Comic Book Bin. Archived from the original on October 5, 2007. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
  55. 1 2 Dragoon, Leigh (September 1, 2006). "Buso Renkin Vol. 1". Sequential Tart. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
  56. 1 2 Santos, Carlo. "Hikikomori Festival - Right Turn Only!!". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
  57. ↑ Martinson, Patti (September 1, 2006). "Buso Renkin Vol. 7". Sequential Tart. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
  58. ↑ Ellingwood, Holly (February 5, 2008). "Buso Renkin Vol. 10". Active Anime. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
  59. ↑ "The Fall 2006 Anime Preview Guide". Anime News Network. October 22, 2006. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
  60. ↑ Carroll, Luke (September 8, 2009). "Buso Renkin - Collection 1". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved January 14, 2014.
  61. ↑ Kimlinger, Carl (May 20, 2008). "Buso Renkin DVD - Set 1". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
  62. ↑ Kimlinger, Carl (November 3, 2008). "Buso Renkin DVD - Set 2". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on July 6, 2014. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
  63. ↑ Hanely, Andy. "Anime Review: Buso Renkin Vol. 1". UK Anime Network. Archived from the original on November 3, 2012. Retrieved February 19, 2014.
  64. ↑ Hanely, Andy. "Anime Review: Buso Renkin Vol. 2". UK Anime Network. Archived from the original on November 3, 2012. Retrieved February 19, 2014.
  65. ↑ Beveridge, Chris (May 15, 2008). "Buso Renkin Box Set 1". Mania. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
  66. ↑ Beveridge, Chris (October 16, 2008). "Buso Renkin Box Set 2". Mania. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 18, 2014.

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