Patriarch of All Bulgaria
| Patriarch of All Bulgaria | |
|---|---|
| Bishopric | |
| orthodox | |
 | |
|
Incumbent: Patriarch Neophyte | |
| Style | His Holiness the Patriarch of All Bulgaria and Metropolitan of Sofia |
| First incumbent |
Leontius I (Medieval) Cyril (Modern) |
| Formation | 919, 1953 |
| Website |
bg-patriarshia |
The Patriarch of All Bulgaria is the Patriarch of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church. The Bulgarian patriarchate was established in 919 and re-established in 1953. As of 2013 the patriarch is Neophyte of Bulgaria
History
Medieval era
Following two decisive victories over the Byzantines at Achelous (near the present-day city of Burgas) and Katasyrtai (near Constantinople), the autonomous Bulgarian Archbishopric was proclaimed autocephalous and elevated to the rank of Patriarchate at an ecclesiastical and national council held in 919. After Bulgaria and the Byzantine Empire signed in 927 a peace treaty concluding the incessant, almost 20-year-long war between them, the Patriarchate of Constantinople recognised the autocephalous status of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church and acknowledged its patriarchal dignity.[1][2] Thus, the Bulgarian Patriarchate became the fifth autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Church after the patriarchates of Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch and Jerusalem. The seat of the Patriarchate was the new Bulgarian capital of Preslav although the Patriarch is likely to have resided in the town of Drastar (Silistra), an old Christian centre famous for its martyrs and Christian traditions.
Ottoman conquest
After the fall of Veliko Turnovo to the Ottomans in 1393 and the exile of Patriarch Evtimiy, the autocephalous church organization was destroyed. The Bulgarian diocese was again subordinated to the Patriarchate of Constantinople.
Modern era
Conditions for the restoration of the Bulgarian Patriarchate were created after World War II. In 1945 the Patriarch of Constantinople recognised the autocephaly of the Bulgarian Church. In 1950, the Holy Synod adopted a new Statute which paved the way for the restoration of the Patriarchate and in 1953, it elected the Metropolitan of Plovdiv, Cyril, Bulgarian Patriarch. After the death of Patriarch Cyril in 1971, the Church elected in his place Maxim, the Metropolitan of Lovech,[3] who was th Bulgarian Patriarch until his death in 2012. For an interim leader on 10 November 2012 was chosen Metropolitan Cyril of Varna and Veliki Preslav, who organized the election of a new Patriarch. On February 24th 2013 Neophyte of Bulgaria was elected as the new Patriarch.
References
- ↑ Kiminas, D. (2009). The Ecumenical Patriarchate. Wildside Press LLC. p. 15
- ↑ GENOV, R., & KALKANDJIEVA, D. (2007). Religion and Irreligion in Bulgaria: How Religious Are the Bulgarians? Religion and power in Europe: conflict and convergence, 257.
- ↑ Daniela Kalkandjieva, 26. Balgarskata pravoslavna tsarkva i darzhavata, 1944-1953 [The Bulgarian Orthodox Church and the State], (Sofia: Albatros, 1997).