Alpert Medical School

The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Type Private
Established 1811, closed about 1827, re-opened 1972
Dean Jack A. Elias, M.D.
Academic staff
 2,569[1]
Students 466[1]
Location Providence, Rhode Island, USA
Campus Urban
Website med.brown.edu

The Warren Alpert Medical School (formerly known as Brown Medical School, previously known as Brown University School of Medicine) is the medical school of Brown University, located in Providence, Rhode Island, United States. Established in 1811, the school was among the first in the nation to offer academic medical education. Today, Alpert Medical School is a component of Brown’s Division of Biology and Medicine, which also includes the Program in Biology. (A third component of the Division, the Program in Public Health, became the Brown University School of Public Health on July 1, 2013.) Together with the Medical School’s seven affiliated teaching hospitals, the Division attracts over $300 million in external research funding per year.[2]

The fourth most selective medical school in the United States,[3] Brown Alpert Medical School earned rankings of twenty-fourth for primary care education and thirty-first for research in the 2014 U.S. News & World Report rankings.[4] Graduates of Alpert Medical School are accepted into competitive residency programs and leading medical centers.[5]

History

Med-Ed Building: The new home of Brown Alpert Medical School
In 1811, Brown became the third institution in New England to establish a medical department, formally titled "Medical Lectures in Brown University." Pictured above is the cover of the chemistry course textbook by Dr. William C. Bowen, one of the first lecturers at the medical school.

Brown University first organized a medical program in 1811, following examples set by its New England neighbors, Harvard University and Dartmouth College. When President Wayland called for all Brown faculty to reside on campus, the physicians serving as voluntary clinical faculty refused to jeopardize their practices in order to comply. After sixteen years of operation, President Wayland suspended the fledgling medical program. There were 87 graduates of Brown's first program in medicine. The medical school was restarted in 1972 as the Program in Medicine and the first M.D. degrees of the modern era were awarded to a graduating class of 58 students in 1975. The Program in Medicine was renamed Brown University School of Medicine in 1991 and again to Brown Medical School in 2000.

On campus, the 168,800-square-foot (15,680 m2), $95-million Sidney Frank Hall for Life Sciences opened in October 2004. The facility houses more than 60 new laboratories, a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging facility, and an electron microscopy suite and supports research in the departments of Neuroscience and Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry. Taken together, these two new facilities represent an increase of approximately 75 percent in Brown's laboratory capacity for life science research.[6] Medical School preclinical classes were formerly held in the adjacent Bio-Med Center, Multidisciplinary Laboratories, and Smith-Buonano Hall of the Pembroke Campus. However, since the completion of renovations at 222 Richmond Street, all preclinical coursework, as well as 3rd and 4th year shelf exams and OSCEs are located at the new building (see below).

The Ship Street Farmers' Market across from the Brown Med-Ed Building

In January 2007, self-made entrepreneur Warren Alpert donated $100 million to Brown Medical School, tying Sidney Frank for the largest single monetary contribution ever made to the University. In recognition of the gift, Brown Medical School was renamed to The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University. The funds have contributed to the construction of a new medical education facility, medical student scholarships (through the Warren Alpert Scholars Program), support for biomedical research and faculty recruitment, and new endowed professorships.[7]

The University and Medical School have completed the process of renovating a University-owned property at 222 Richmond Street in the Jewelry District of Providence. The Medical Education (Med-Ed) facility, which opened in August 2011, now houses preclinical classes, anatomy and histology labs, Doctoring simulation facilities (Clinical Skills Unit), student study space and resources, and the majority of the medical school Administration.[8] Brown University also invested in several community enhancements in the area surrounding the medical school's new home, including a police substation shared by Providence and Brown police, a new public plaza called Ship Street Square, and new trees, sidewalks, and street paving. The relocation of Brown's medical school marks the initial stages in Providence's efforts to revamp the Jewelry District as the Knowledge District, a hub of medical research and biotech industry.[9] Governor Lincoln Chafee hailed the school's opening as "a catalytic moment in the history of Rhode Island."[10]

Admissions and rankings

Brown University Laboratories for Molecular Medicine, one of the core research facilities of the medical school.[11] A research-intensive institution, Alpert Medical School, together with its affiliates, generates over $300 million annually in external research grants.

Brown Alpert Medical School is one of seven Ivy League medical schools and is currently ranked 24th for primary care education and 31st for research by the 2014 U.S. News and World Report rankings.[12] One of the most selective medical schools in the United States based on an acceptance rate of 3.2%,[13] Alpert enrolls approximately 120 students per class. In 2008, Alpert received 5,902 applications and interviewed 209 applicants for fewer than 40 spots (the incoming PLME class and other varied routes of admission accounting for the other 50+).[14] The 2011 matriculating class had an average GPA of 3.7 and MCAT scores of 11.5 in biological sciences, 11.4 in physical sciences, and 10.8 in verbal reasoning.[15]

Students interested in studying at Alpert Medical School may apply through a variety of admissions routes designed to enroll a diverse and highly qualified student body. Approximately 60% of the entering class is composed of students from the 8-year Program in Liberal Medical Education (PLME) and special linkage agreement programs. In 2004, the school began to accept premedical students from other colleges and universities via AMCAS through a standard route of admissions. According to the school's website: "For the Fall 2009 entering class, Alpert Medical School received 2,517 secondary applications and gave 113 offers of admission through the standard route."[16]

Curriculum

Admissions ticket to the Lectures on Anatomy and Surgery by Dr. William Ingalls at Brown University Medical School in 1812.

A restructuring of the pre-clinical curriculum was implemented in 2006, with the goal of achieving an integrated, contemporary and flexible medical curriculum. Its design was predicated on the vision that tomorrow's physician must be an IT-savvy lifelong learner who is scientifically and clinically enlightened, familiar with alternative and complementary healing traditions, patient and service-centered, and who understands the economic underpinnings of the US health care system. At the heart of the curriculum redesign are the two-year basic science component (Integrated Medical Sciences I-IV), Doctoring (which focuses on clinical skills and professionalism), and the Scholarly Concentrations Program.

A significant number of students transferred into the 3rd year of Brown Medical school from other U.S. and European medical schools. They graduated in MD class of 2010 alongside the original Brown Medical students. This alternative route of matriculation was eventually discontinued.

Integrated Medical Sciences I: IMS-I provides students with foundations of cell biology, cell physiology, biochemistry, nutrition, immunology and genetics, all of which are integrated with gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy. IMS-I also includes general pathology in which students are introduced to concepts underlying the mechanisms of disease. This foundation forms the basis for the subsequent systems-based blocks of IMS II through IV.

Brain Sciences, the first module of IMS II, integrates head and neck anatomy with neurobiology, behavior, pathophysiology and neuropharmacology. Microbiology is integrated with infectious diseases and relevant pharmacology and epidemiology. In the final block of IMS-II, Endocrinology, endocrine physiology has been incorporated into the endocrine pathophysiology, pathology and pharmacology content. Integrated Medical Sciences III and IV: Students continue with a systems-based approach in Year II: The course sections are cardiology, nephrology, pulmonology, hematology, gastroenterology, human reproduction, growth, and development, and supporting structures (dermatology, rheumatology, and orthopedics).

Doctoring is a required skills-based course for all first- and second-year medical students designed to teach the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of a competent, ethical, and humane physician. Students spend one half-day a week working alongside a physician-mentor. These sessions allow students to observe and practice clinical skills such as medical interviewing, history-taking, physical diagnosis, and professional conduct.

Scholarly Concentrations Program

The Scholarly Concentrations Program is an elective program through which Alpert Medical School students may elect to pursue a course of study beyond that of the conventional medical education curriculum. Scholarly Concentrations offer students the opportunity to translate personal interests and activities into scholarship. Students who participate in a Scholarly Concentration will undertake rigorous independent scholarship in a cross-disciplinary field of interest related to medicine, public health, engineering, or a bio-medically relevant topic in the sciences, arts, or humanities.

Currently, students may pursue a Scholarly Concentration in the following areas: Advocacy and Activism, Aging, Caring for Underserved Communities, Contemplative Studies, Disaster Medicine, Global Health, Health Policy, Informatics, Integrative Medicine, Medical Education, Medical Ethics, Medical Humanities, Medical Technology and Innovation, Physician as Communicator, and Women's Reproductive Health.

PLME

In 1984, Brown endorsed an eight-year medical program called the Program in Liberal Medical Education (PLME). The PLME offers a unique opportunity to join undergraduate and professional studies in medicine in a single eight-year program. By combining the open curriculum concept of Brown (The College) and the competency-based curriculum concept of the Alpert Medical School, the PLME encourages students of medicine to pursue in depth their interests in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences even as they prepare for their careers as physicians.

Prospective students apply to this eight-year program before they begin their undergraduate education. Each year, approximately 50 students matriculate out of an applicant pool of about 1,700. For the entering class of 2009, 1856 applicants applied for 60 spots, yielding an acceptance rate of approximately 3.2%. Students earn a Bachelor's degree in their concentration of choice after their fourth year and automatically enter the medical school to pursue their M.D. degree.

Other programs

South Main Street Building, home to the Brown University School of Public Health. Proximity to the medical campus fosters collaboration between faculty and students of Alpert Medical School and the School of Public Health.

Since 1976, the Early Identification Program (EIP) was initiated to encourage Rhode Island residents to pursue careers in medicine by recruiting sophomores from Providence College, Rhode Island College and the University of Rhode Island. An EIP was also established with Tougaloo College to increase the number of underrepresented minorities in the medical school.

From 1981 to 2006, Brown offered a joint program with Dartmouth Medical School called the Brown-Dartmouth Medical Program. Approximately 15 students at Dartmouth Medical School enrolled in the program annually, spending the first two basic medical science years at Dartmouth and the next two years in clinical education at Brown, where they received their M.D. degree. The program was discontinued in the fall of 2006, after their respective deans stated that the institutions desired to move in their own directions.

Combined degree programs leading to the M.D./Ph.D., M.D./M.P.H., M.D./M.P.P., and M.D./M.P.A. degrees are also offered.[17]

Notable faculty, alumni, and students

Dr. Usher Parsons, a distinguished Professor of Anatomy and Surgery at Brown Medical School during the early 19th century and founder of Rhode Island Hospital.
Dr. Elisha Bartlett, Brown Medical School alum, member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, and first mayor of Lowell, Massachusetts.
Dr. Solomon Drowne, first recipient of the medical degree from Brown University and one of three professors appointed upon the medical school's founding in 1811.

Teaching affiliates

References

  1. 1 2 Archived September 13, 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ↑ "History | Alpert Medical School". Brown.edu. Retrieved 2013-06-27.
  3. ↑ "10 Medical Schools With the Lowest Acceptance Rates - US News and World Report". Usnews.com. 2012-08-14. Retrieved 2013-06-27.
  4. ↑ "Brown University (Alpert) | Best Medical School | US News". Grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com. Retrieved 2013-06-27.
  5. ↑ Archived September 15, 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ↑ "Brown University Medical School History". Brown University. Retrieved 2009-01-29.
  7. ↑ "Brown University Names Medical School To Honor Warren Alpert". Brown University Media Relations. Archived from the original on 5 February 2007. Retrieved 2007-01-29.
  8. ↑ "Brown will turn Jewelry District building into headquarters for medical school". Providence Journal. Retrieved 2009-09-13.
  9. ↑ Elizabeth Abbott (December 13, 2011). "Providence Puts Focus on Making a Home for Knowledge". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2012-06-12. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
  10. ↑ "Alpert Medical School’s Contributions to the RI Knowledge Economy". Brown University. Retrieved 2009-01-29.
  11. ↑ "Alpert Medical School Core Research Facilities". Retrieved 21 July 2012.
  12. ↑ "Brown University (Alpert)". Best Medical Schools. U.S. News. 2012. Retrieved March 25, 2012.
  13. ↑ Central PA. "Medical school next for cadet". PennLive.com. Retrieved 2013-06-27.
  14. ↑ Archived January 30, 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  15. ↑ The Best 168 Medical Schools, 2012 Edition - Malaika Stoll - Google Books. Books.google.com. Retrieved 2013-06-27.
  16. ↑ Archived September 8, 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  17. ↑ "Other Programs". Retrieved 20 July 2012.
  18. ↑ "hipectreatment.com". Retrieved March 7, 2013.
  19. ↑ "Dr. Usher Parsons". Rhode Island Heritage Hall of Fame. Retrieved 13 June 2012.
  20. ↑ Mitchell, Martha. "Bartlett, Elisha". Encyclopedia Brunoniana. Brown University Library. Retrieved 13 June 2012.
  21. ↑ Asinof, Richard. "Brown, Home & Hospice Care sign new affiliation agreement". Providence Business News. Retrieved 21 June 2012.

External links

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Coordinates: 41°49′09″N 71°24′30″W / 41.819064°N 71.408276°W / 41.819064; -71.408276

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