British nationalism

The Union Jack of the United Kingdom, adopted in this version in 1801 bearing the England's red cross with white border (England in 1801 included Wales within it), Ireland's Saint Patrick's Saltire with a white border, and Scotland's Saint Andrew's Saltire and blue background. This is a common symbol used by British nationalists.

Queen Anne became the first monarch of a United Britain

King Arthur, the king of the ancient Britons, depicted as one of the Nine Worthies in tapestry, c. 1385. The legend of King Arthur as a warrior ruler and British hero as depicted by Geoffrey of Monmouth in Historia Regum Britanniae laid the foundation of British nationalism.

Satellite photograph of Britain and Ireland. Originally British nationalism was typically applicable to Britain. British nationalism typically focuses on the unity of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

British nationalism asserts that the British are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of the British,^[1][2] in a definition of Britishness that includes people of English, Scottish, Welsh, Ulster Scots and Irish descent.^[3] British nationalism is closely associated with British unionism, which seeks to uphold the political union that is the United Kingdom, or strengthen the links between the countries of the United Kingdom.^[4]

British nationalism's unifying identity descends from the ancient Britons who dwelt on the island of Great Britain.^[2] British nationalism grew to include people outside Great Britain, in Ireland, because of the 1542 Crown of Ireland Act, which declared that the crown of Ireland was to be held by the ruling monarch of England as well as Anglo-Irish calls for unity with Britain.^[5]

It is characterised as a "powerful but ambivalent force in British politics".^[6] In its moderate form, British nationalism has been a civic nationalism, emphasizing both cohesion and diversity of the people of the United Kingdom, its dependencies, and its former colonies.^[7] Recently however, nativist nationalism has arisen based on fear of Britain being swamped by immigrants; this anti-immigrant nativist nationalism has manifested politically in the British National Party and other nativist nationalist movements.^[7] Politicians, such as British Prime Minister David Cameron of the Conservative Party and his direct predecessor Gordon Brown of the Labour Party, have sought to promote British nationalism as a progressive cause.^[8][9]

Nationalism and unionism

Nowadays, as in the past, unionist movements exist in Scotland and Northern Ireland. These movements seek specifically to retain the ties between those areas and the rest of the UK, in opposition to civic nationalist movements. Such unionist movements include the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and the Scottish Unionist Party. In Scotland and Wales the Conservative, Labour, Liberal Democrat, and UKIP support the Union.

History of British nationalism

In the 21 century

List of British nationalist party's

• British National Party
• Liberty GB
• Britain First
• British Democratic Party (2013)

See also

• Pan-nationalism
• Pan-Celticism
• British unionism
• Cornish nationalism
• English nationalism
• Irish nationalism
• Scottish nationalism
• Welsh nationalism
• Ulster nationalism
• Britishness

References

Notes

Bibliography

• Miller, William Lockley (2005), "Anglo-Scottish Relations from 1900 to Devolution and Beyond", Proceedings of the British Academy (Oxford University Press) 128, ISBN 978-0-19-726331-0 
• Motyl, Alexander J. (2001). Encyclopedia of Nationalism, Volume II. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-227230-7. 
• Smith, Michael; Smith, Steve; White, Brian (1988), British foreign policy: tradition, change, and transformation, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-04-327081-3 

External links

• UK National Democrats- A Manifesto for Britain
• British Nationalism: an idea whose time has come- BNP Manifesto 1997
• Rebuilding British Democracy- BNP Manifesto 2005