Brabham BT53

The Brabham BT53 was a Formula One car designed by Gordon Murray for the Brabham team for the 1984 Formula One season and was a development of the BT52 which had carried the team's lead driver Nelson Piquet to the 1983 championship. The car was almost identical to the final development version of the 1983 car, the BT52B, but featured larger sidepods for improved cooling, and the turbochargers and intercoolers were repositioned for better fuel efficiency as refuelling stops were now banned, leading to the car having to carry an enlarged (220 litre) fuel tank. The turbocharged BMW M12 engine now produced around 900 bhp (671 kW; 912 PS) in qualifying trim, de-tuned to 800 bhp (597 kW; 811 PS) for the races, making it the most powerful car ever seen in F1 at the time. This power allowed Piquet to record the fastest speed trap of the 1984 season when he clocked 325 km/h (202 mph) on the 1 km long straight at the old Kyalami circuit during qualifying for Round 2 of the championship in South Africa.

The car was driven by reigning world champion Piquet who was joined at Brabham by the Fabi brothers Teo and Corrado in a shared drive allowing older brother Teo to honor commitments in the North American–based Champ Car World Series for Forsythe Racing (Teo Fabi had started racing Champ Car for Forsythe in 1983 and sat on the pole for the 1983 Indianapolis 500, being only the second rookie in 500 history to do so). Corrado replaced Teo three times in 1984, the first being Monaco when Teo was racing in Milwaukee. The other two were in North America as Teo missed both the Canadian and Dallas Grands Prix while racing at Portland and Cleveland respectively. Teo Fabi also missed the season ending Portuguese Grand Prix when he was racing the Champ Car race at Laguna Seca. Fabi was replaced in Portugal by Manfred Winkelhock who had raced the first 13 races of the season for the ATS team.

The reason Brabham ended up with the Fabi brothers sharing the drive was reportedly due to the team's major sponsor, Italian dairy company Parmalat, wanting an Italian driver alongside Piquet. Team boss Bernie Ecclestone settled on Teo Fabi as the best Italian available, but due to his commitments in Champ Car, the arrangement was made to employ the brothers.

Although Piquet won twice (in Canada and Detroit), and scored several podium places in the second half of the season, the straight-4cyl BMW engine, or more specifically the turbochargers rather than the engine itself, were now becoming unreliable. The team suffered turbo failures repeatedly in both qualifying and races despite efforts by Gordon Murray and BMW engineers to improve the car and engine, and Piquet did not score his first points of the season until his win in Round 7 in Canada. The McLaren MP4/2 TAG-Porsche was dominant, with drivers Niki Lauda (1984 World Champion), and Alain Prost (2nd to Lauda by only ½ a point), winning 12 of the season's 16 races between them, and saw to it that Piquet could not retain his championship. He scored another win at the gruelling Detroit Grand Prix a week after his Canadian triumph, but Piquet would not win again that year.

Reliability was found in the second half of the season, which allowed Piquet to eventually finish fifth in the title hunt. The saddest aspect was that the BT53 was, in Piquet's hands, regularly faster than the MP4/2, as Piquet's nine pole positions throughout the season attested (Prost was the only McLaren driver to qualify on pole during 1984, doing so three times). The car was very quick in qualifying on light fuel loads, but its race pace was negatively affected particularly on full fuel loads. More reliability from the BMW turbo might have given Piquet a realistic chance of defending his championship. Indeed, of the first six races before scoring his win in Canada, Piquet retired from the first five races with either engine or turbo failure, and spun off into retirement in the wet at Monaco. Often early in the season when he retired, Piquet had either leading the race or was in a position to challenge for the lead. He was in danger of joining Alberto Ascari as the only driver not to score a point in defence of his title (1954 champion Ascari had not scored in the opening two races of the 1955 season, having crashed in both Argentina and Monaco. Ascari was killed in a crash at Monza while testing a sports car just four days after Monaco).

The BT53 was replaced by the BT54 for 1985.

Complete Formula One results

(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; races in italics indicate fastest lap)

Year	Team	Engine	Tyres	Drivers	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	Points	WCC
1984	Brabham	BMW M12/13 S4 tc	M		BRA	RSA	BEL	SMR	FRA	MON	CAN	DET	DAL	GBR	GER	AUT	NED	ITA	EUR	POR	38	4th
				Nelson Piquet	Ret	Ret	9	Ret	Ret	Ret	1	1	Ret	7	Ret	2	Ret	Ret	3	6
				Teo Fabi	Ret	Ret	Ret	Ret	9			3		Ret	Ret	4	5	Ret	Ret
				Corrado Fabi						Ret	Ret		7
				Manfred Winkelhock																10

Notes

↑ http://www.statsf1.com/en/brabham-bt53.aspx

Motor Racing Developments

Founders: Jack Brabham; Ron Tauranac

Personnel: Bernie Ecclestone; Gordon Murray; Herbie Blash; Charlie Whiting

World Champions: Jack Brabham; Denny Hulme; Nelson Piquet

Other drivers: See category

Drivers' titles: 1966; 1967; 1981; 1983

Constructors' titles: 1966; 1967

Cars:

Formula One BT3 BT7 BT11 BT19 BT20 BT24 BT26 BT33 BT34 BT37 BT39 BT42 BT44/B BT45 BT46/B/C BT48 BT49/C/D BT50 BT51 BT52 BT53 BT54 BT55 BT56 BT58 BT59/Y BT60Y/B Indianapolis 500/USAC BT12 BT25 BT32 Formula Two BT10 BT16 BT18 BT23 BT23C BT30 BT36 BT38 BT40 Formula Atlantic BT23F/G BT29 BT35A/B BT38B BT40 Formula Three BT9 BT15 BT16A BT18A BT21 BT21B BT21X BT28 BT35C BT38C BT41 Formula Junior BT1 BT2 BT6 Other single seaters BT4 BT7A BT11A BT14 BT18B BT21A BT21C BT22 BT23A BT23B BT23D BT23E BT30X BT31 BT35X BT36X BT43 Sportscars BT5 BT8A BT17

Cars that competed in the 1984 Formula One season

McLaren MP4/2 Ferrari 126C4 Lotus 95T Brabham BT53 Renault RE50 Williams FW09/FW09B Toleman TG183B Toleman TG184 Alfa Romeo 184T Arrows A6 Arrows A7 Ligier JS23/JS23B Osella FA1E Osella FA1F Spirit 101/101B/101C ATS D7 RAM 01 RAM 02 Tyrrell 012

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