Bourke Street, Melbourne

Bourke Street Victoria
Bourke Street Mall, between Swanston Street and Elizabeth Street looking west
Coordinates	37°48′50″S 144°57′52″E / 37.8139°S 144.96452°E / -37.8139; 144.96452Coordinates: 37°48′50″S 144°57′52″E / 37.8139°S 144.96452°E / -37.8139; 144.96452
General information
Type	Street
Length	2 km (1 mi)
Major junctions
West end	Docklands, Melbourne
East end	Spring Street, East Melbourne, Melbourne
Location(s)
Suburb(s)	Melbourne CBD

Bourke Street is one of Melbourne's best known streets. Historically been regarded as Melbourne's "second street", with the main street being Collins Street and "busier than Bourke Street" is a popular catchphrase. Bourke Street has traditionally been Melbourne's entertainment hub. In its heyday it was the location of many of Melbourne's theatres, cinemas as well as a major retail shopping precinct. Today the street remains an entertainment hub best known as the location of the Bourke Street Mall, Melbourne's main pedestrian mall and one of the city's main tourist destinations.

Bourke Street is named for Sir Richard Bourke, the Governor of New South Wales in 1837 during the drafting of the Hoddle Grid.

Geography

Route 96 trams on Bourke Street

Bourke Street runs roughly from east to west^[1] and it bisects the CBD (known as the Hoddle Grid) along its long axis. Bourke Street runs between the parallel Little Collins and Little Bourke streets.

There are two stretches of Bourke Street; the older CBD stretch and the newer Docklands stretch. The older stretch intersects with Spring Street (overlooked by Parliament House) to the east and Spencer Street to the west.

The newer stretch is bounded by the Southern Cross Station (former Spencer Street Station) to the east and will intersect with the Collins Street expansion to the west in the future.

History

Bourke Street (1886) by Tom Roberts, oil on canvas on composition board.

Concepts for a Bourke Street Mall were drawn up as early as 1964 by Robin Boyd and Frederick Romberg^[2] however the ambitious multi-platform design which separated cars from pedestrians was never realised.

The plans were eventually scaled down, with pedestrians sharing space with a grade level tram line. The Melbourne mall remains the only such mall to allow vehicles.

The pedestrian mall was officially opened in 1983 by Their Royal Highnesses, Prince Charles and Lady Diana.

The mall received a major facelift in preparation for the 2006 Commonwealth Games and elevated tram superstops were later installed.

Bourke Street Mall

The Bourke Street Mall is a pedestrian and tram-only strip between Swanston and Elizabeth streets.

The GPO Melbourne, now redeveloped as Swedish clothing store H&M

Department stores

The atrium of Melbourne's flagship Myer department store, which yields a yearly profit of $300 million.^[3]

Bourke St Mall is home to two major Australian luxury department stores that house many well-known brands.

• Myer – Myer's nine-floor flagship store.
• David Jones – David Jones' second-flagship store.

Arcades

There are several arcades and shopping centres that run off the Bourke Street Mall including:

• GPO Melbourne, the former general post office was converted into an upmarket shopping mall in 2005 after being damaged by fire. All stores vacated GPO in 2013 to allow space for Swedish clothing store H&M. There are also cafes, bars and restaurants located within the building.
• Royal Arcade.
• Strand Arcade.
• Centrepoint Shopping Centre.

Other retailers

There are several retail chains that maintain a flagship store presence in the Bourke Street Mall:

• Jetty Surf
• Rebel Sport
• Adidas
• H&M
• The Body Shop
• Target
• Sportsgirl
• Swarovski
• Sunglass Hut
• Steve Madden
• Cue
• General Pants Co.
• Just Jeans
• Roger David
• Forever New.^[4]
• Zara
• Androidland, Telstra's first worldwide Android shop

Notable restaurants

Pellegrini's Espresso Bar in 2012

The east end of Bourke Street is home to Grossi Florentino, an Italian restaurant, bar and grill that's been operating for over 100 years^[5] and is owned by Melbourne restaurateur Guy Grossi.

Pellegrini's Espresso Bar^[6] is a Melbourne institution that has been serving coffee and hearty Italian fare to the public for over 50 years and is a popular place for tourists to visit.

Flower Drum restaurant in Market Lane, off Bourke Street opened in 1975 and is one of the most highly acclaimed Chinese restaurants in Australia, receiving multiple awards. In 2003, The New York Times Associate Editor R.W. Apple Jr. remarked that it may well be the best Chinese restaurant in the world.^[7]

HuTong Dumpling Bar, also in Market Lane is currently one of the most popular restaurants in Melbourne, with people regularly queuing outside the restaurant before it opens hoping for a table.^[8]

Several laneways that run off Bourke Street are known for their restaurants, cafes and bars including Causeway Lane, Market Lane, Crossley Street, Liverpool Street and Hardware Lane.

Events

Myer Christmas Parade (2007)

Flashmob die-in protest in 2010 on the ninth anniversary of the Afghanistan War

The first Myer Windows display Christmas of 1956, the year of the 1956 Summer Olympics and has been an annual tradition since with the windows decorated in a different display each Christmas aimed at children and their parents.

Commercial Zone

Bourke Street is a commercial zone lined by glass-paned skyscrapers, especially on the western stretch of the street. It is home to the new National Bank headquarters by the Victoria Harbour in Docklands, Commonwealth Bank Centre building, Bourke Place, Marland House, National Bank House and AMP Square.

Cinemas

Bourke Street has played a historically significant part in Melbourne's cinema industry. It was home to the city's first permanent cinema (although this was initially established near Princes Bridge), and by 1913 had developed into Melbourne's principal cinema precinct. In 1908, Arthur Russell began screening films at St. George's Hall, which was rebuilt as Hoyt's De Luxe Theatre in 1914, marking the beginning of the Hoyts cinema chain.

Bourke Street remained a centre for cinema-goers until quite recently. In 2005, the Hoyts cinema moved to larger premises at the Melbourne Central shopping centre. On 15 February 2006 the Village cinema closed down, leaving Village cinemas at nearby Crown Casino as the main Village branded city cinemas. The Chinatown Cinema, which inhabits the former Hoyts Midcity cinema, is the only cinema left in Bourke Street. On nearby Collins Street, the newly expanded Kino Dendy cinemas continues to be cinema drawcard. The Russell Street Greater Union cinemas closed in 2013 and is due to be demolished.

Bourke Street from Southern Cross Station

Transportation

Tram routes 86 and 96 travel the length of Bourke Street and directly through the mall.

Parliament railway station is located at the eastern end of Bourke Street near the corner of Spring Street and is part of the underground city loop for the suburban rail network.

Southern Cross Station is located at the western end of Bourke Street and is a major transport hub for train and bus services throughout Victoria including shuttle buses to Melbourne and Avalon airports. A pedestrian bridge at Southern Cross Station provides access from Bourke St to Etihad Stadium and Melbourne Docklands.

See also

Australian Roads portal

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bourke Street, Melbourne.

• Bourke Street Mall – Official government tourism site