Boboli obelisk
The Boboli obelisk, previously called the Obelisco Mediceo, is an ancient Egyptian granite obelisk, transported from Rome to Florence in the 16th century, and erected in the located in the Boboli Gardens, behind the Pitti Palace in Florence, region of Tuscany, Italy.
History
The granite from which the obelisk is carved comes from Aswan and the inscriptions are dedicated to Atum, the deity of the city of Heliopolis. It is suspected to have been first erected in that city during the reign of Ramesses II. In the first century AD, it was moved to Rome by Domitian and placed in the Temple of Isis in the Campus Martius, along with three other obelisks still in Rome: the Obelisk at the Monument to those fallen at Dogali, the Obelisk of Piazza of the Pantheon, and the obelisk in front of Santa Minerva.
In the sixteenth century the Cardinal Ferdinand I de'Medici bought it in Rome and placed the 6 meter obelisk in the gardens of the Villa Medici in Rome. When the Grand Duke Peter Leopold of Lorraine became Grand-Duke of Tuscany, he transferred to Florence many of the artworks in the Villa Medici. In 1788 he moved the obelisk, which weighed 9000 kilograms, travelling to first to Livorno, then by land to Florence. The voyage took four months. He also moved the Ancient Roman basin made of granite that had been associated with the obelisk in the Villa Medici.
It was erected near the center of the Amphitheater of the Boboli Gardens in 1790, along the main axis leading away from the palace. In 1840, the granite basin, originally thought to derive from the Terme Alessandrine found in the Campo Martius of Rome, was also included in front of the obelisk. The arrangement was designed by Pasquale Poccianti.[1] The obelisk is surmounted by a gilded orb and the base has four turtles. Both these accouterments were present in Rome.
Underlying the traditional solar winged scarab to the top of the obelisk you can read the name and the first name of Ramesses II, from which the obelisk was erected. Entries, which are its titles, read: "Grand Master, powerful in all countries, the King, the Son of Tum and intelligent son of Atum." The King is also called "loved" by Tum and Ra, and this shows that the obelisk is directly from Heliopolis, the city of the "Sun" (Ra).:[2][3]
Bibliography
- Litta Maria Medrano (ed), The Boboli Gardens , Banca Toscana, 2003.
- John Henry Parker "The Twelve Egyptian Obelisks In Rome: Their History Explained By Translations Of The Inscriptions Upon Them" (1879)
References
- ↑ Bessarione, Volume 9, by Cardinal Niccolo Marini, pp. 410-415.
- ↑ Niccolo Marini, pp. 415–419. Translation found in Italian entry.
- ↑ Par of the content in this edit is translated from the existing Italian Wikipedia article at it:Obelisco Boboli; see its history for attribution.
Coordinates: 43°45′50.78″N 11°15′3.34″E / 43.7641056°N 11.2509278°E