Bhojpur district, Bihar

Bhojpur district
भोजपुर ज़िला,ضلع بھوج پور
District of Bihar

Location of Bhojpur district in Bihar
Country India
State Bihar
Administrative division Patna
Headquarters Arrah
Tehsils 1. Agiaon, 2. Arrah, 3. Barhara, 4. Behea, 5. Charpokhari, 6. Garhani, 7. Jagdishpur, 8. Koilwar, 9. Piro, 10. Sahar, 11. Sandesh, 12. Shahpur, Bihar, 13. Tarari, 14. Udwant Nagar
Government
 • Lok Sabha constituencies Arrah
Area
 • Total 2,474 km2 (955 sq mi)
Population (2011)
 • Total 2,720,155
 • Density 1,100/km2 (2,800/sq mi)
Demographics
 • Literacy 72.79 per cent
 • Sex ratio 900
Major highways NH 30, NH 84
Average annual precipitation 913 mm
Website Official website

Bhojpur district (Hindi: भोजपुर ज़िला) is one of the thirty-eight districts of Bihar state in northern India. Arrah town (also known as Ara) is the administrative headquarters of this district.

Geography

Bhojpur district occupies an area of 2,395 square kilometres (925 sq mi),[1]

It is located at a longitude of 83° 45' to 84° 45' East and the latitude is 25° 10' to 25° 40' North and is situated at a height of 193 meters above sea level.

Climate

The climate of the district is of moderately extreme type. The hot weather begins about the middle of March, when hot westerly winds begin to blow during the day. The months of April and May are extremely hot. In a normal year, the monsoon sets in by the third week of June and the rains continue with intermissions till about the end of September or the early part of October. The cold weather begins from the month of November and lasts till the beginning of March January is the coldest month when temperature comes down as low as 10 °C. From the month of April till the first break down of the monsoon, the district experiences occasional thunder-storms also.

Rains set in June accompanied by a fall in temperature and increase in humidity. The district experiences maximum rains during the months of July and August. The average rain-fall, in the normal conditions, recorded in these months is in the proximity of 300 mm. The district gets easterly winds from June to September, which brings rains, from October the direction of the winds is reversed and westerly winds blow till May. There is slight rainfall in October, but November and December are quite dry. Some winter rain occurs in January and February.

Sub-divisions

Bhojpur district comprises 3 Sub-divisions:

Economy

In 2006 the Indian government named Bhojpur one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[2] It is one of the 38 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[2]

Agriculture

Irrigation facilities

The rivers Sone and Ganges are the perennial sources of surface water. They can provide irrigation to major portion of agricultural lands. In the "Pre-Zamindari Abolition" days the Zamindars used to maintain "Ahars" and "Pynes" which served the purposes of both irrigation and drainage in certain pockets of the district. Ordinary wells also used to be a good source of irrigation.

The District Statistical Report published by the District Administration in the 2001, 15,493 hectares, and land is irrigated by big Sone canals, 14,940 hectares of land is irrigated by middle Sone canals and 18,379 hectares of land is irrigated by small canals. 2,582 hectares is irrigated by Govt. Electronic Tube wells and 2,099 hectares is irrigated by Govt. Tube wells operated by diesel. The area of land irrigated by private Electric Tube wells is 8,263 hectares. And 16,999 hectares of land is irrigated by diesel operated private Tube wells. 58,586 hectares is irrigated by other sources or irrigation like Ahars, wells and ponds etc. Thus this statistics shows that 177,341 hectares of land out of 2,37,526 hectares of total area is irrigated. It means 75% of the district's land is irrigated.

Land use pattern

In this district both the irrigated and un-irrigated areas except the small hills are being exploited for cultivation. Even some of the large ponds and "Jhils" which were duck-shooting areas have been de-watered and put to crop and grows "Boro crops". Intensive agriculture is also being attempted by what is popularly known as "Package Program". The Block Development Authorities are also trying to extend cultivation and improve the output. The remodelled Sone Canal System has the objective of bringing in more land under cultivation. Horticulture is spreading and orchards are springing up of all parts.

The District Statistical Report published by the District Administration of Bhojpur in the year of 2001 shows the area of different crops production i.e. Paddy-1,05,155 hectares, Wheat-67,259 hectares, Maize- 2,779 hectares, Barley-1,154 hectares Gram-5,017 hectares Peas-2,016 hectares, Arhar-919 hectares Masur-8,115 hectares Khesari-8,989 hectares Oil seeds (Sarso) 2,866 hectares Spices 31 hectares Vegetables 5,119 hectares, Fruits 2,651 hectares and Sugar cane 209 hectares.

This report also published the data of the rate of production, which is provided to the district administration by the State Directorate. It states the rate of production different crops per hectare as follows:

Paddy (High yielding irrigated)-3502 kg per hectares. Paddy (Locally irrigated) -3330 kg per hectares, Wheat (High yielding irrigated)-2725 kg per hectare. Wheat (High yielding un-irrigated)-2707 kg per hectare Masur-1047 kg per hectare Khesari-986 kg. Per hectare. Oil seeds (Sarso) 679 kg per hectare and Gram 937 kg per hectare.

Mines and minerals

Mines and minerals resources in new Bhojpur district are very little. The only mineral product in this district is the sand from Sone river. About 40 km length of Sone river forms the part of southern and eastern and eastern boundary of the district of Bhojpur. The only managed sand – collecting centre is Koilwar, which is about 5 km strips. About 35 km length is not properly managed to gather the sand.

Industrialization

After bifurcation of the old Shahabad district in the new district of Bhojpur and Rohtas the large scale industries generally fell in Rohtas district. There are, however, different types of small & cottage industries other than some agro-based industries located in the district of Bhojpur.

The District Statistical Report shows that between April 1992 and August 2000, 1,085 small tiny and cottage industries were registered with the District Industry Centre, Bhojpur. Altogether the capital invested in these industries is Rs-869.19 Lacs, and 1858 persons are employed in these industries. There is an industrial area located at village Gidha near Koilwar spread in an area of 30–40 acres of land under the Patna Industrial Development Authority. A bottling plant of Indane Gas (LPG) is functioning for the last several years, providing employment to locals. The development of industries depends on the regular supply of power but the district gets very short supply of the electricity against the required energy. The industrialisation of the district badly hampered due to this problem

Demographics

According to the 2011 census Bhojpur district, Bihar has a population of 2,720,155,[3] roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait[4] or the US state of Nevada.[5] This gives it a ranking of 145th in India (out of a total of 640).[3] The district has a population density of 1,136 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,940/sq mi) .[3] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 21.27%.[3] Bhojpurhas a sex ratio of 900females for every 1000 males,[3] and a literacy rate of 72.79%.[3] 30% of the poplulation belongs kushwaha kshatriya community

Languages

Languages include Bhojpuri, a tongue in the Bihari language group with almost 200 000 000 speakers, according to the study of 'Times of India Daily' written in both the Devanagari and Kaithi scripts.[6] Hindi, Urdu.

People

Veer Kunwar Singh: The great freedom fighter, Acharya Pt. Ambika Dutta Sharma,a revolutionary,Sanskrit Scholar who hosted Mahatma M K Gandhi on 9 April 1917 and along with others lead him to Acharya J. B. Kriplani, Muzaffarpur when he first time came to Bihar to start the famous Champaran Movement. Struggle against White Indigo Farmers in Champaran. Babu Jagjiwan Ram , a veteran freedom fighter and youngest minister as well as first Labour Minister in the Jawahar Lal Nehru's provisional government and later defence minister also, was born at Chandwa near Ara. Justice Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Sinha , the sixth chief justice of India was also from Bhojpur, His native place was Gaziapur, PO - Sinha, Dist - Bhojpur.He had his primary education at Arrah Zila School. Dr Ram Subhag Singh was Union Railway Minister in the Indira Gandhi cabinet. He was also the first leader of Opposition in Lok Sabha in 1969. Shri Baliram Bhagat who represented Arrah parliamentary constituency was a union cabinet minister of commerce and later Speaker of Lok Sabha. Shri Bindeshwari Dubey who served the people of Bihar as its Chief Minister and who later also became a Union Minister for Law,Justice and Labour in the Rajiv Gandhi's cabinet was born at Mahuaon near Ara. Meira Kumar, was the Lok Sabha speaker is daughter of Babu Jagjiwan Ram. Eminent International cooperator Late Tapeshwar singh also surfaced from a village named asni in ara.

References

  1. ↑ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. pp. 1118–1119. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.
  2. 1 2 Ministry of Panchayati Raj (8 September 2009). "A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme" (PDF). National Institute of Rural Development. Retrieved 27 September 2011.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "District Census 2011". Census2011.co.in. 2011. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  4. ↑ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Retrieved 1 October 2011. Kuwait 2,595,62 line feed character in |quote= at position 7 (help)
  5. ↑ "2010 Resident Population Data". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 30 September 2011. Nevada 2,700,551 line feed character in |quote= at position 7 (help)
  6. ↑ M. Paul Lewis, ed. (2009). "Bhojpuri: A language of India". Ethnologue: Languages of the World (16th ed.). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Retrieved 30 September 2011.

External links

 Ballia district, Uttar Pradesh Saran district
Buxar district Patna district
   Bhojpur district  
Rohtas district Arwal district

Coordinates: 25°33′22″N 84°39′55″E / 25.5562°N 84.6653°E / 25.5562; 84.6653

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