Tensioner

Chain tensioner on a single-speed bicycle

Hydraulic bolt tensioner

A tensioner is a device that applies a force to create or maintain tension. The force may be applied parallel to, as in the case of a hydraulic bolt tensioner, or perpendicular to, as in the case of a spring-loaded bicycle chain tensioner, the tension it creates. The force may be generated by a fixed displacement, as in the case of an eccentric bicycle bottom bracket, which must be adjusted as parts wear, or by stretching or compressing a spring, as in the case of a spring-loaded bicycle chain tensioner; by changing the volume of a gas, as in the case of a marine riser tensioner; by hydraulic pressure, as in the case of a hydraulic bolt tensioner; or by gravity acting on a suspended mass, as in the case of a chair lift cable tensioner.

Applications

• Bolt tensioners are devices designed to apply a specific tension to a bolt. The device may be either removed once the actual nut is threaded into place, or left in place, in the case of a hydraulic nut.^[1]

• The belt or chain tension on a single-speed bicycle can be maintained by either setting the fixed horizontal position of the rear sprocket or the front chainring horizontally, or by a separate tensioner that pushes perpendicular to the chain with either a fixed position or spring tension.^[2]

• The serpentine belt and the timing belt or chain on an automobile engine may be guided by an idler pulley and/or a belt tensioner, which may be spring-loaded, hydraulic, or fixed.^[3]

• The chain tension of a chainsaw may be adjusted with a chain tensioner.^[4]

• A marine riser tensioner is a device used on an offshore drilling vessel which provides a near constant upward force on the drilling riser independent of the movement of the floating drill vessel.

• A guideline tensioner is a hydropneumatic device used on an offshore drilling rig that keeps a positive pulling force on the guidelines from the platform to a template on the seabed.

• Overhead electrical wires may be kept in tension by springs or weights.

• Conveyor belts

• Chair lift and gondola lift cables

• Certain wood trusses, such as the beam tensioner truss picture below.^[5][6]

• Fencing made of wire, such as electric fences, barbed-wire fences, and chainlink fences often include tensioning devices to keep them taut.

• Belt sanders have a mechanism, often a spring-loaded idler drum, to apply the proper tension to the sanding belt, which can be released to allow for changing belts.^[7]

Gallery

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  Spring-loaded overhead line tensioner

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  Gravity overhead line tensioner

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  Chain tensioner in an automobile engine

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  Serpentine belt on belt tensioner in an automobile engine

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  Adjustable, fixed-position belt tensioner in an automobile engine

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  Drum tensioner

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  Conveyor belt tensioner

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  Chair lift cable tensioner

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  Chain tensioner for a bicycle with an internal gearbox

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  Chain tensioner for a single-speed bicycle

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  Bicycle chain tensioned without a dedicated tensioner mechanism

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  Traditional Finnish frame saw with wooden frame, loggers' tool before cross-cut and chain saws till 1960s

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  Marine riser tensioner

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  Beam tensioner truss

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  Chainlink fence tensioner

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  Track tensioner on a Churchill Tank

See also

• Turnbuckle
• Torque wrench

References

External links

• Hydraulic Tensioning Glossary