Bacoor

Bacoor
Component City
Lungsod ng Bacoor (City of Bacoor)
(From top, left to right) Downtown Bacoor along Evangelista St., mussels or tahong, a staple product of the city, the New Bacoor City Hall, aerial view of Bacoor, SM City Bacoor

Seal
Nickname(s):
Cavite's Gateway to the Metropolis
Marching Band Capital of the Philippines
City of Transformation

Map of Cavite showing the location of Bacoor
Bacoor

Location within the Philippines

Coordinates: 14°27′N 120°57′E / 14.450°N 120.950°E / 14.450; 120.950Coordinates: 14°27′N 120°57′E / 14.450°N 120.950°E / 14.450; 120.950
Country Philippines
Region CALABARZON (Region IV-A)
Province Cavite
Congr. districts 2nd District of Cavite
Incorporated September 28, 1671
Cityhood June 23, 2012
Barangays 73
Government[1]
 • Type Mayor–council
 • Mayor Strike B. Revilla (Lakas-Magdalo)
 • Vice Mayor Catherine S. Evaristo (Lakas-Magdalo)
 • Representative Lani Mercado-Revilla (Lakas)
 • City Council
Area[2]
 • Total 52.40 km2 (20.23 sq mi)
Elevation 4 m (13 ft)
Population (2010)[3]
 • Total 520,216
 • Density 9,900/km2 (26,000/sq mi)
Time zone PST (UTC+8)
ZIP code 4102
Dialing code 46
Website www.bacoor.gov.ph

Bacoor, officially the City of Bacoor (Filipino: Lungsod ng Bacoor), is a first-class urban component city in the province of Cavite, Philippines. It is a lone congressional district of Cavite and is the province's gateway to Metro Manila.

Etymology

Some accounts indicate that the city of Bacoor, also named Bakood or Bakoor, was founded as pueblo or town in 1671. When Spanish troops first arrived in Bacoor, they met some local inhabitants in the process of building a bamboo fence (bakod in Filipino) around a house. The Spaniards asked the men what the name of the village was but because of the difficulties in understanding each other, the local inhabitants thought that the Spaniards were asking what they were building. The men answered "bakood". The Spaniards pronounced it as "bacoor" which soon became the town's name.[4]

History

Bahay Tisa (Cuenca Ancestral House) served as the headquarters of the Philippine revolutionary government in 1898.
Zapote Bridge in 1899, site the historic battle in 1897 which killed Gen. Edilberto Evangelista.

Spanish period

Bacoor was one of the flashpoints of the Cavite Mutiny of 1872. Bacoor's parish priest at that time, Fr. Mariano Gómez, was one of the GOMBURZA trio implicated in the mutiny for advocating secularization of priesthood in the Philippines. He and the rest of GOMBURZA were executed at Bagumbayan in 1872.[5][6] The death of the GOMBURZA served as the inspiration for Jose Rizal's El Filibusterismo, which in turn influenced the ignition of the Philippine Revolution.

During the Philippine Revolution against Spain in 1896, Bacoor was one of the first towns in Cavite to rise up. A Katipunan chapter, codenamed Gargano, led by Gil Ignacio from barrio Banalo, started the hostilities in Bacoor on 2 September 1896, three days after the revolution began.[7]

On 17 February 1897, General Emilio Aguinaldo's 40,000-strong force confronted a 20,000-strong Spanish reinforcement at the Zapote River. The Katipuneros reinforced the southern bank of the river with trenches designed by Filipino engineer Edilberto Evangelista. They also blew up the Zapote Bridge with explosives which killed several Spaniards crossing it and thereby preventing them from reaching Cavite and forcing them to retreat to Muntinlupa. Despite the Filipino victory, they lost the brilliant Evangelista who was killed in action.[7][8]

However, after the Spanish counteroffensive in May 1897, Bacoor and the rest of Cavite finally fell to the Spaniards, forcing Aguinaldo and his men to retreat to Biak-na-Bato.[7]

American period

With the Philippine declaration of independence from Spain on 12 June 1898, hostilities reignited in Cavite and Bacoor was designated as the first capital of Emilio Aguinaldo's revolutionary government until it was transferred to Malolos, Bulacan in 1899.[7] The Zapote Bridge became the site once again of another battle on 13 June 1899, this time between Philippine and American troops. An American force of 1,200 men supported by naval gunfire from the American squadron in Manila Bay crushed a 5,000-strong Filipino force led by General Pío del Pilar.[9][10] Zapote Bridge's special place in Philippine history is depicted today in Bacoor's city seal.

Japanese occupation

During World War II, in 1942, Japanese occupation forces entered Bacoor and other towns of Cavite province. From 1942 to 1945, many Caviteños joined the Cavite Guerrilla Unit (CGU), a recognized guerrilla group headed by Colonel Mariano Castañeda. This group would eventually become the Filipino-American Cavite Guerrilla Forces (FACGF). Colonel Francisco Guerrero and the FACGF's 2nd Infantry Regiment was put in charge of Japanese resistance in Bacoor. The FAGCF, together with Filipino soldiers under the 41st, 4th, and 42nd Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army liberated and recaptured Bacoor and defeated the Japanese Imperial Army forces from January to August 1945, during the Allied liberation of the Philippines.[11]

Cityhood

On 25 July 2011, President Benigno Simeon Aquino III signed into law Republic Act No. 10160 creating the City of Bacoor.[12] It was ratified through a plebiscite on 23 June 2012,[13] wherein 36, 226 of the town's 40,080 registered voters voted in favor of cityhood while those against were 3,854.[14] With the incorporation of Bacoor as a city, it was divided into two legislative districts, Bacoor West and Bacoor East. During the 2013 mid-term elections, the citizens of Bacoor voted for six councilors for each districts forming a 12-person city council.

Geography

The Molino Dam was built during the Spanish period to divert water for farm irrigation.

Physical

Bacoor is strategically located at the gateway to Metro Manila. A sub-urban area, the city is located approximately 15 kilometers southwest of Manila, on the southeastern shore of Manila Bay, at the northwest portion of the province with an area of 52.4 square kilometers. It is bordered to the east by Las Piñas and Muntinlupa, to the south by Dasmariñas, to the west by Kawit and Imus, and to the north by Bacoor Bay an inlet of Manila Bay. Bacoor's is separated from Las Piñas by the Zapote River and from Imus and Kawit by Bacoor River.

Most of the city is composed of flat, formerly agricultural lands, with some areas such as the coastal barangays of Zapote, Talaba, Niog, and Panapaan lying below sea level. Some barangays such as Molino and Queens Row are situated on the hills that form valleys along the upstream portion of Zapote River.

Political subdivisions

Bacoor City is politically subdivided into 73 barangays[15] grouped into two legislative districts namely, Bacoor West and Bacoor East, which are represented in the city council by their respective councilors.

Bacoor West

  • Alima
  • Aniban I
  • Aniban II
  • Aniban III
  • Aniban IV
  • Aniban V
  • Banalo
  • Camposanto
  • Daang-Bukid
  • Digman
  • Dulong-Bayan
  • Kaingin
  • Habay I
  • Habay II
  • Ligas I
  • Ligas II
  • Ligas III
  • Mabolo I
  • Mabolo II
  • Mabolo III
  • Maliksi I
  • Maliksi II
  • Maliksi III
  • Niog I
  • Niog II
  • Niog III
  • Panapaan I/P.F. Espirtu I
  • Panapaan II/P.F. Espiritu II
  • Panapaan III/P.F. Espiritu III
  • Panapaan IV/P.F. Espiritu IV
  • Panapaan V/P.F. Espiritu V
  • Panapaan VI/P.F. Espiritu VI
  • Panapaan VII/P.F. Espiritu VII
  • Panapaan VIII/P.F. Espiritu VIII
  • Real I
  • Real II
  • Salinas I
  • Salinas II
  • Salinas III
  • Salinas IV
  • San Nicolas I
  • San Nicolas II
  • San Nicolas III
  • Sineguelasan
  • Tabing-Dagat (Town Proper)
  • Talaba I
  • Talaba II
  • Talaba III
  • Talaba IV
  • Talaba V
  • Talaba VI
  • Talaba VII
  • Zapote I
  • Zapote II
  • Zapote III
  • Zapote IV
  • Zapote V/Longos

Bacoor East

  • Bayanan
  • Mambog I
  • Mambog II
  • Mambog III
  • Mambog IV
  • Mambog V
  • Molino I
  • Molino II
  • Molino III
  • Molino IV
  • Molino V
  • Molino VI
  • Molino VII/Gawaran
  • Queens Row Central
  • Queens Row East
  • Queens Row West

Climate

Under the Köppen climate classification system, Bacoor features a tropical savanna climate that borders on a tropical monsoon climate (Köppen climate classification Aw/Am). Together with the rest of the Philippines, Bacoor lies entirely within the tropics. Its proximity to the equator means that the temperature range is very small, rarely going lower than 20 °C (68 °F) and going higher than 38 °C (100 °F) . However, humidity levels are usually very high which makes it feel much warmer. It has a distinct dry season from late December through April, and a relatively lengthy wet season that covers the remaining period. Southwest monsoon or Habagat can occur from June to September and can cause flooding in parts of the city.

Climate data for Bacoor, Cavite
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 30
(86)		 31
(88)		 32
(90)		 34
(93)		 34
(93)		 33
(91)		 32
(90)		 31
(88)		 32
(90)		 32
(90)		 31
(88)		 30
(86)		 31.8
(89.4)
Average low °C (°F) 24
(75)		 24
(75)		 25
(77)		 27
(81)		 27
(81)		 26
(79)		 26
(79)		 25
(77)		 26
(79)		 26
(79)		 26
(79)		 25
(77)		 25.6
(78.2)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 32.9
(1.295)		 31.7
(1.248)		 28.2
(1.11)		 26.9
(1.059)		 188.9
(7.437)		 225.7
(8.886)		 420.0
(16.535)		 377.9
(14.878)		 332.4
(13.087)		 145.1
(5.713)		 128.8
(5.071)		 76.3
(3.004)		 2,014.8
(79.323)
Average rainy days 6 6 4 4 12 18 21 23 21 17 14 10 156
Source: World Weather Online[16]

Demographics

Population census of Bacoor
YearPop.±% p.a.
1990 159,685—    
1995 250,821+8.83%
2000 305,699+4.33%
2007 441,197+5.19%
2010 520,216+6.18%

According to the 2010 census of population, Bacoor has a population of 520,216 people,[3] making it the second most populous city in the province after Dasmariñas. The city is a bedroom community which owes its large population to the influx of low and middle-income settlers who availed of the various housing projects and subdivisions in it.[17]

Facade of the St. Michael the Archangel Parish Church of Bacoor

Religion

Roman Catholicism is the dominant religion in Bacoor due to the influx of migrants and is part of the Diocese of Imus. The city is the seat of the Vicariate of St. Michael, the Archangel and the Vicariate of Sto. Niño de Molino. One of Bacoor's notable parish priests was Fr. Mariano Gómez, one of the GOMBURZA trio implicated in the Cavite Mutiny who served as parish priest at the Bacoor Cathedral from 1824 to his death in 1872.[5][6]

During the Philippine Revolution, majority of Bacoor's inhabitants became members of the Philippine Independent Church also known as the Aglipayan Church, the religious arm of General Emilio Aguinaldo's government. The Aglipayan Church has a long and colorful history in the city. It is one of the first places in the Philippines to join the new movement, and the Catholic priest at that time, Fr. Fortunato Clemena, became the first Aglipayan priest of Bacoor, as well as the first Aglipayan Bishop of Cavite, during the Aglipayan Schism period. Most of the first members of the church in Bacoor were Katipuneros headed by General Mariano Noriel, who is also the first president of the laymen organization. The Aglipayan Church has two parishes now in Bacoor, one in molino and one in the town proper and chapels in different barangays.

Bacoor also has a significant population of Muslims, mostly middle-class Maranao traders and merchants. A number of Protestant Christian denomination, such as Jesus Miracle Crusade International Ministry, United Methodist Church, as well as Evangelical Christian Denominations such as Molino Community Christian Fellowship (Southern Baptist), Jesus Is Lord Church, and Lighthouse Worship Center also have a presence in the city.

Economy

SM City Bacoor was opened on July 25, 1997, becoming the first SM Mall outside of Metro Manila and in Cavite.
Mussels and oysters are two of Bacoor's main products
Bamboo is another common product in Bacoor
Oyster trade
Fishing boat in Bacoor Bay

Commerce

Bacoor is currently experiencing a rapid shift from an agriculture-based economy to a residential/commercial urban center. Nowadays, retail, manufacturing, banking and service sectors are Bacoor's primary income earners. Commercial activities are sporadic throughout the city ranging from wholesale to retail establishments, restaurants and eateries, hardware and construction supplies and other service-related industries, especially those located in SM City Bacoor where it serves as the city's main income earner. The mostly residential area of Molino is also home to SM Center Molino at the corner of Molino Road and Daang Hari. The entrance area from the Coastal Road to Aguinaldo Highway in Talaba and the area surrounding the Zapote Public Market (now the Bacoor Public Market) are other commercial centers. Bacoor has branches of 11 different commercial banks all over the city.

Meanwhile, agricultural area has lessened to only 100 hectares while fishponds which likewise decreased to almost half of the original 760 hectares. Salt production, fishing, oyster and mussel culture, which are now being threatened to near extinction because of pollution and overpopulation, are the other sources of income of the residents. These industries are also threatened by the construction of the Cavite Coastal Road Extension which directly affected the Bacoor shoreline.[18]

Land use

Land use developments in Bacoor include a proposed industrial village in Barangay Niog which will include light cottage industries with supporting residential and commercial facilities. A vast tract of land in Molino area, on the other hand, is envisioned to host residential, institutional and commercial facilities. Dubbed as the New Bacoor, the land use plan in Molino seeks to utilize the area not only as a dormitory for individuals who work in Metro Manila but also for people who have migrated to Bacoor in search of economic advancement.

Tourism

Bacoor also touts itself as a tourism and recreational center with reach of Metro Manila residents. Aside from its numerous shopping malls, the city offers visitors a taste of history, culture, and local cuisine through various resorts, restaurants, and other places of interest. These include:

Places of Interest

  • Bahay Tisa (Cuenca Ancestral House)
  • Battle of Zapote Bridge site
  • Bacoor Cathedral
  • Bacoor Ecopark
  • St. Ezekiel Moreno Park (Prinza Dam)
  • Bacoor Public Market

Festivals

Resorts

  • Paradiso Terrestre
  • Circle Island Resort
  • SunWind Resort

Restaurants

Shopping Malls and Supermarkets

  • SM City Bacoor
  • SM City Molino
  • The District
  • RFC Molino Mall
  • RFC Mall
  • V Central Mall
  • FRC Mall
  • Starmall Molino (under construction)
  • Center Square Mall (under construction)
  • Seasons Mall (under construction)
  • SM Savemore
  • Puregold
  • Super 8
  • Emilu's
  • Abri Commercial

Local government

Main articles: Philippine city and Mayor of Bacoor
City Government of Bacoor
(2013–2016)
Representative
Lani Mercado-Revilla (Lakas)
Mayor
Strike Revilla (Lakas)
Vice Mayor
Catherine "Karen" S. Evaristo (Lakas)
Sangguniang Panlungsod Members
Bacoor West Bacoor East
Avelino B. Solis Reynaldo C. Palabarica
Edwin G. Gawaran Hernando "King" C. Gutierrez
Miguel N. Bautista Gaudencio P. Nolasco
Rowena M. Bautista-Mendiola Bayani M. De Leon
Reynaldo M. Fabian Leandro A. De Leon
Venus G. De Castro Roberto R. Javier
ABC President
Victorio L. Guerrero, Jr. (Salinas II)
Provincial Board Members
Edralin G. Gawaran Rolando S. Remulla

Pursuant to Chapter II, Title II, Book III of Republic Act No. 7160 or the Local Government Code of 1991,[19] the city government is to be composed of a mayor (alkalde), a vice-mayor (bise alkalde) and members (kagawad) of the legislative branch Sangguniang Panlungsod alongside a secretary to the said legislature, all of which are elected to a three-year term and are eligible to run for three consecutive terms.

Executive

The New Bacoor City Hall at the Bacoor Government Center in Brgy. San Nicolas II, Bacoor, Cavite

As with every Philippine city, Bacoor's chief executive is the city mayor. Elected to a term of three years and limited to three consecutive terms, he or she appoints the directors of each city department, which include the office of administration, engineering office, information office, legal office, and treasury office. The incumbent mayor of Bacoor is Strike Revilla, from the Lakas Party. He first assumed office on 30 June 2007, following his victory in the May 2007 municipal elections.[20] He was reelected in 2010 for a second term, during which, Bacoor was converted into a city.[21] He ran and won a third as city mayor in 2013 which will expire in 2016.[22]

The city's vice mayor performs duties as acting governor in the absence of the mayor. He or she also automatically succeeds as mayor upon the death of the incumbent. He or she also convenes the Sangguniang Panlungsod, the city's legislative body. The incumbent vice mayor of Bacoor is Catherine Sarino-Evaristo from the Lakas Party. She first assumed office on 30 June 2013 after defeating former vice mayor Rosette Miranda-Fernando.[22]

Legislative

The city, which is a lone congressional district, is represented in the Philippine House of Representatives by congresswoman Lani Mercado-Revilla from the Lakas Party. She first assumed office from 2010 after Bacoor (which was still a municipality back then) was given a lone congressional seat.[21] After Bacoor was elevated to city status, she ran and won a second term in 2013 as congresswoman.[22]

Within the city, the City Board or Sangguniang Panlungsod crafts all city ordinances, performs appropriation of city funds, issues franchises and permits, impose fees on city services, and exercise other duties and powers as stipulated by the Local Government Code of 1991. Being a first-class city in terms of income, Bacoor is entitled to a City Board composed of 12 members, six each from the city’s two board districts.

Infrastructure

Tricycle terminal in front of SM City Bacoor
The Bacoor section of the CAVITEX

Transportation

Bacoor is described as a bedroom community with most of its citizens commuting to and from Metro Manila to work. The city is the connected to Metro Manila by major thoroughfares: CAVITEX and Quirino Avenue in the north, Daang Hari and the Muntinlupa–Cavite Expressway in the south, and Marcos Alvarez Avenue in the east.[23] It is also the terminus of the Aguinaldo Highway and Tirona Highway which connects the city to the rest of Cavite. Common forms of transportation are buses, mini-buses, public utility vans, jeepneys.[23]

Due to the congestion of Bacoor's major thoroughfares and overpopulation, the city suffers from daily heavy traffic. This hoped to be eased in the future as the city will become the terminus of the Manila Light Rail Transit System once its southern extension has been completed.[24] Bacoor is also part of the proposed Cavite-Laguna Expressway (CALAX), which is currently in the bidding process.[25]

Health

To address the health concerns of the city's aging population and urban poor population, several public and private hospitals have been established in the city. The local government also initiated a discount program for senior citizens in city wherein they can avail of discounted medical care and medicines in hospitals in and outside of Bacoor.

Bacoor has one major public hospital and 7 major private hospitals aside from a number of small private clinics.

  • Bacoor District Hospital
  • Bacoor Doctors Medical Center
  • Crisostomo General Hospital
  • Metro South Medical Center
  • Molino Doctors Hospital
  • Southeast Asian Medical Center
  • St. Dominic Medical Center
  • St. Michael Medical Hospital

Education

A public elementary school in Bacoor

As a bedroom community, Bacoor is also home to several education institutions both public and private. Currently, there are 27 public elementary schools and seven public high schools throughout the city. Students in the public school sector study under the K–12 curriculum. There are also numerous privately run elementary schools and high schools. Several private colleges offer academic as well as technical-vocational education. The city is home to two universities: the Molino campus of the University of Perpetual Help System DALTA and a campus of the Cavite State University.

Notable People

Actress Marian Rivera is a native of Bacoor

Sister cities

Local city

Gallery

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Official City/Municipal 2013 Election Results". Intramuros, Manila, Philippines: Commission on Elections (COMELEC). 11 September 2013. Retrieved 24 October 2013.
  2. ↑ "Profile: Bacoor". The Official Website of the Province of Cavite. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
  3. 1 2 "Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay: as of May 1, 2010" (PDF). 2010 Census of Population and Housing. National Statistics Office. Retrieved 24 October 2013.
  4. ↑ The Philippine Index, Millennium Edition Vol. 1 No. 1. Retrieved on April 1, 2013
  5. 1 2 "The Secularization Issue and the Execution of Gomburza". The Seventh Cathedral: 1879-1945. The Manila Cathedral. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
  6. 1 2 "GOMBURZA: Reluctant martyrs started it all". Filipino.biz.ph - Philippine Culture. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Aguinaldo, Emilio (1964). Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan. Manila.
  8. ↑ Crisanto, Joyce M. & Chit dela Torre (2006). The Battle of Zapote Bridge. Las Piñas: A City with Heritage (Las Piñas City, Philippines: Villar Foundation).
  9. ↑ Reyno, Cielo (3 April 2013). "The Other Battle of Zapote: The Filipinos' Bloody Defense of the Motherland". National Historical Commission of the Philippines. Retrieved 12 August 2014.
  10. ↑ Taylor, John R. M. (1971). Philippine Insurrection Against the United States. Pasay City.
  11. ↑ "Cavite during the Japanese Occupation". Cavite Historical and Cultural Page. Cavite State University-College of Arts and Sciences. 10 April 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2014.
  12. ↑ "R.A. No. 10160". Charter of the City of Bacoor. Congress of the Philippines. 10 April 2012. Retrieved 25 April 2014.
  13. ↑ "Bacoor Votes on Cityhood Today". Manila Bulletin. 22 June 2012. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
  14. ↑ "Bacoor, Now a City after Plebiscite". GMA News Online. 24 June 2012. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
  15. ↑ "Province: CAVITE". PSGC Interactive. Makati City, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Retrieved 29 October 2013.
  16. ↑ "Bacoor Average Temperatures and Rainfall". World Weather Online. Retrieved April 1, 2013.
  17. ↑ Jimenez-David, Rina (8 September 2011). "Bacoor and Korea". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 12 August 2014.
  18. ↑ "Community Profile: Bacoor, Cavite". Food for the Hungry Philippines. 2004. Retrieved 25 April 2014.
  19. ↑ "An Act Providing for a Local Government Code of 1991". 8th Congress of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved 21 April 2014.
  20. ↑ "Results". 2007 National and Local Elections. COMELEC. 25 April 2012. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
  21. 1 2 "Results". 2010 National and Local Elections. COMELEC. 21 April 2012. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
  22. 1 2 3 "Results". 2013 National and Local Elections. COMELEC. 3 December 2013. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
  23. 1 2 Fabonan III, Epi (2009). "Cavite Travel Guide". Tourism Philippines.com. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  24. ↑ Medina, Andrei (13 September 2014). "DOTC awards P65-B LRT-1 Cavite extension project to LRMC". GMA News Online. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  25. ↑ Camus, Miguel (24 November 2014). "Gov't set to rebid Calax in mid-2015". Inquirer.net. Retrieved 12 March 2015.

External links

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Bacoor.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bacoor.
 Cavite City
Bacoor Bay		 Manila Bay
Kawit
Imus City		 Las Piñas
   Bacoor  
Dasmariñas Muntinlupa
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