Prince engine

Not to be confused with Prince Motor Company.
BMW/PSA Prince engine
Overview
Manufacturer BMW
PSA Group
Production 2006–
Combustion chamber
Configuration Straight-4
Chronology
Predecessor Tritec engine
PSA TU engine

Prince is the codename for a family of automobile straight-4 engines developed jointly by BMW and PSA Peugeot Citroën. It is a compact engine family of 1.4–1.6 L in displacement and includes most modern features including gasoline direct injection, turbocharging, BMW VANOS and variable valve timing.

The current BMW variants of the Prince engine are known as the N13 / N16 and N18. It replaced the Tritec engine family in the Mini and was first introduced in 2006 for MINI. Later in 2011 also for BMW models F20 116i and 118i. This was the first longitudinal engine mount option for Prince engine.

PSA has started to use the Prince family in 2006 to replace their TU family — the Peugeot 207 being the first car to receive it.

The engines’ components are produced by PSA at their Douvrin, France, facility, with MINI and BMW engine construction at Hams Hall in Warwickshire, UK. The co-operation was announced on 23 July 2002 with the first engines produced in 2006. The Prince engine project is not related to the Prince Motor Company.

In late 2006, an extension of the cooperation between the two groups was announced,[1] promising new four-cylinder engines, without further details.

On 29 September 2010, it was announced by BMW[2][3] that the 1.6Turbo version of the Prince engine would be supplied from 2012 to Saab for use in forthcoming models, primarily the 9-3. However with the closure of SAAB supply never started.

At the Geneva Auto Show 2011, Saab unveiled their latest concept vehicle Saab PhoeniX with BMW Prince Engine 1.6T 200 hp [4]

On 25 June 2014 1.6-litre turbo Prince engine won its eighth consecutive International Engine of the Year Award in the 1.4 to 1.8-litre category. In 2014 the Prince engine beat, among others, the new BMW B38 engine which is replacing the Prince engine in the Mini and BMW lineups.[5][6]

Design (BMW Lead)

The Prince family shares its basic block dimensions with the previous PSA TU engine family. Engineering was provided by BMW, including their Valvetronic variable valve lift system on the intake side. Other features include on-demand oil and water pumps. Gasoline direct injection with a twin-scroll turbocharger will be used on the higher power versions..[7][8]

All Prince engines will share 84 mm (3.3 in) cylinder spacing and a 77 mm (3 in) bore. The engine features a two-piece "bedplate" aluminum crankcase for extra stiffness.

1.4 litre EP3/EP3C (PSA)

The 1.4 L PSA EP3 and EP3C[9] is the smallest member of the Prince family with a stroke measuring 75 mm (2.953 in) and total capacity of 1397 cc. Depending on application, power output varies from 90 to 95 PS (66 to 70 kW; 89 to 94 bhp) while torque varies from 136 to 140 N·m (100 to 103 lbf·ft).

Applications:

1.6 litre EP6/EP6C naturally aspirated (PSA)

The 1.6 L engine is used in the second-generation MINI and various Peugeot 207 models. It has an 85.8 mm (3.4 in) stroke for a total of 1598 cc of displacement.

The naturally aspirated variant (EP6, EP6C[9]) has conventional fuel injection and lost-foam cast cylinder heads. Its 11:1 compression ratio creates an output of 120 PS (118 hp/88 kW) at 6000 rpm with a redline of 6500 rpm. Torque is 118 lb-ft (160 N·m) at 4250 rpm.[10]

Applications:

1.6 litre turbocharged (PSA)

The turbocharged 1.6 L unit adds gasoline direct injection and has special low-pressure die-cast heads. It has an 85.8 mm (3.4 in) stroke for a total of 1598 cc of displacement.

At first, there were two versions on offer - the THP150 and THP175, also known as the EP6DT and EP6DTS respectively within Peugeot. The first was later updated as EP6CDT and also a THP163, EP6CDTM.[9] There is also EP6CDT MD - with lowered compression ratio.

For the THP150 maximum torque is 177 lb-ft (240 N·m) at 1400 rpm, remaining flat to 5000 rpm. Power output is 150 PS (148 hp/110 kW) at 5500 rpm.

Applications:

For the THP163 maximum torque is 177 lb-ft (240 N·m) at 1400 rpm, remaining flat to 5000 rpm. Power output is 165 PS (163 hp/110 kW) at 5500 rpm.

Applications:

For the THP175 (EP6DTS, later EP6CDTS) maximum torque is 178 lb-ft (247 N·m) at 1600 rpm, remaining flat to 5000 rpm. Power output is 175 PS (173 hp/128 kW) at 5500 rpm. An overboost function is available which temporarily increases torque to 192 lb-ft (260 N·m) between 1700 rpm and 4500 rpm in gears 3 to 5.

Applications:

In 2010 Peugeot released 1.6 THP engine (EP6CDTX[9]) with 200 hp at 5500 RPM, maximum torque 275 @ 1700 RPM. It featured direct injection, twin-scroll turbocharger and variable valve lift.

Applications:

BMW N13 / Mini N18

In 2011 BMW released turbocharged 1.6 Prince engine [11] (called the N18 engine for the Mini Cooper S and JCW and called the N13 engine for BMW applications). The engine has direct injection, twin-scroll turbocharger and now with variable valve lift (previous version was not VVT). The N13 is sold alongside the larger displacement BMW N20 turbocharged straight-4 engine. The enigne complied with the EU5 legislation.

Model Displacement Power Torque Redline Year
N13B16 1,598 cc 136 PS (100 kW; 134 hp)@4350 220 N·m (162 lb·ft)@1350 2011
170 PS (125 kW; 168 hp)@4800 250 N·m (184 lb·ft)@1500 2012

Applications:[12] 75 kW version

100 kW version

125 kW version

Production

The production of MINI version of 'Prince' family of engines is set to end by 2016, and be replaced by its very latest 3 and 4 cylinder Engine family - BMW B36, BMW B38 and BMW B48.[13]


In 2015 it was announced, on the Hong Kong Stock exchange, that BMW had signed an IPR deal with XCE. They will make the N18 TVDI engine in China for use in various Brilliance Automotive vehicles (JV Partner of BMW in CHina) and also for other China OEM's.


PSA will continue to develop the higher power models of the engine family, with future production planned for China with its JV partners DONFENG (CAPSA) and Changan..[14]

References

Bibliography

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