BBCH-scale (beet)
In biology, the BBCH-scale for beet describes the phenological development of beet plants using the BBCH-scale.
The phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of beet are:
| Growth stage | Code | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0: Germination | 00 | Dry seed |
| 01 | Beginning of imbibition: seeds begins to take up water | |
| 03 | Seed imbibition complete (pellet cracked) | |
| 05 | Radicle emerged from seed (pellet) | |
| 07 | Shoot emerged from seed (pellet) | |
| 09 | Emergence: shoot emerges through soil surface | |
| 1: Leaf development (youth stage) | 10 | First leaf visible (pinhead-size): cotyledons horizontally unfolded |
| 11 | First pair of leaves visible, not yet unfolded (pea-size) | |
| 12 | 2 leaves (first pair of leaves) unfolded | |
| 14 | 4 leaves (2nd pair of leaves) unfolded | |
| 15 | 5 leaves unfolded | |
| 1 . | Stages continuous till . . . | |
| 19 | 9 and more leaves unfolded | |
| 3: Rosette growth (crop cover) | 31 | Beginning of crop cover: leaves cover 10% of ground |
| 32 | Leaves cover 20% of ground | |
| 33 | Leaves cover 30% of ground | |
| 34 | Leaves cover 40% of ground | |
| 35 | Leaves cover 50% of ground | |
| 36 | Leaves cover 60% of ground | |
| 37 | Leaves cover 70% of ground | |
| 38 | Leaves cover 80% of ground | |
| 39 | Crop cover complete: leaves cover 90% of ground | |
| 4: Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts Beet root | 49 | Beet root has reached harvestable size |
| 5: Inflorescence emergence (2nd year of growth) | 51 | Beginning of elongation of main stem |
| 52 | Main stem 20 cm long | |
| 53 | Side shoot buds visible on main stem | |
| 54 | Side shoots clearly visible on main stem | |
| 55 | First individual flower buds on side shoots visible | |
| 59 | First bracts visible; flower buds still closed | |
| 6: Flowering | 60 | First flowers open |
| 61 | Beginning of flowering: 10% of flowers open | |
| 62 | 20% of flowers open | |
| 63 | 30% of flowers open | |
| 64 | 40% of flowers open | |
| 65 | Full flowering: 50% of flowers open | |
| 67 | Flowering declining: 70% of flowers open or dry | |
| 69 | End of flowering: all flowers dry, fruit set visible | |
| 7: Development of fruit | 71 | Beginning of seed development: seeds visible in infructescence |
| 75 | Pericarp green; fruit still mouldable; perisperm milky; colour of seed coat: beige | |
| 8: Ripening | 81 | Beginning of ripening: pericarp green-brown, seed coat light brown |
| 85 | Pericarp light brown, seed coat reddish brown | |
| 87 | Pericarp hard, seed coat dark brown | |
| 89 | Fully ripe: seed coat final colour (specific to variety and species), perisperm hard | |
| 9: Senescence | 91 | Beginning of leaf discolouration |
| 93 | Most leaves yellowish | |
| 95 | 50% of leaves brownish | |
| 97 | Leaves dead | |
| 99 | Harvested product (seeds) | |
References
Meier, U.; L. Bachmann; H. Buhtz; H. Hack; R. Klose; B. Marlander; E. Weber (1993). "Phänologische Entwick-lungsstadien der Beta-Rüben (Beta vulgaris L. ssp.). Codierung und Beschreibung nach der erweiterten BBCH-Skala (mit Abbildungen).". Nachrichtenbl. Deut. Pflanzenschutzd. 45: 37–41.
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