International Bank Account Number

The IBAN on this bank statement is grouped with the account number, sort code and BIC.
A typical British bank statement header (from a fictitious bank), showing the location of the account's IBAN.

The International Bank Account Number (IBAN) is an internationally agreed system of identifying bank accounts across national borders to facilitate the communication and processing of cross border transactions with a reduced risk of transcription errors. It was originally adopted by the European Committee for Banking Standards (ECBS), and later as an international standard under ISO 13616:1997. The current standard is ISO 13616:2007, which indicates SWIFT as the formal registrar. Initially developed to facilitate payments within the European Union, it has been implemented by most European countries and many countries in the other parts of the world, especially in the Middle East and in the Caribbean. As of February 2016, 69 countries were using the IBAN numbering system.[1]

The IBAN consists of up to 34 alphanumeric characters, comprising a country code, two check digits and a long and detailed bank account-number. The check digits enable a sanity check of the bank account number to confirm its integrity before submitting a transaction.

Background

Before IBAN, differing national standards for bank account identification (i.e. bank, branch, routing codes, and account number) were confusing for some users. This often led to necessary routing information being missing from payments. Routing information as specified by ISO 9362 (also known as Business Identifier Codes (BIC code), SWIFT ID or SWIFT code, and SWIFT-BIC) does not require a specific format for the transaction so the identification of accounts and transaction types is left to agreements of the transaction partners. It also does not contain check digits, so errors of transcription were not detectable and it was not possible for a sending bank to validate the routing information prior to submitting the payment. Routing errors caused delayed payments and incurred extra costs to the sending and receiving banks and often to intermediate routing banks.[2]

In 1997, to overcome these difficulties, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published ISO 13616:1997.[3] This proposal had a degree of flexibility, which the European Committee for Banking Standards (ECBS) believed would make it unworkable, and they produced a "slimmed down" version of the standard which, amongst other things, permitted only upper-case letters and required that the IBAN for each country have a fixed length.[4] ISO 13616:1997 was subsequently withdrawn and replaced by ISO 13616:2003.[3] The standard was revised again in 2007 when it was split into two parts. ISO 13616-1:2007 "specifies the elements of an international bank account number (IBAN) used to facilitate the processing of data internationally in data interchange, in financial environments as well as within and between other industries" but "does not specify internal procedures, file organization techniques, storage media, languages, etc. to be used in its implementation".[5] ISO 13616-2:2007 describes "the Registration Authority (RA) responsible for the registry of IBAN formats that are compliant with ISO 13616-1 [and] the procedures for registering ISO 13616-compliant IBAN formats".[6] The official IBAN registrar under ISO 13616-2:2007 is SWIFT.[7]

IBAN imposes a flexible but regular format sufficient for account identification and contains validation information to avoid errors of transcription. It carries all the routing information needed to get a payment from one bank to another wherever it may be; it contains key bank account details such as country code, branch codes (known as sort codes in the UK and Ireland) and account numbers, and it contains check digits which can be validated at source according to a single standard procedure.[8] Where used, IBANs have reduced trans-national money transfer errors to under 0.1% of total payments.

Structure

The IBAN consists of up to 34 alphanumeric characters, as follows:

The check digits enable a sanity check of the bank account number to confirm its integrity before submitting a transaction.

The IBAN should not contain spaces when transmitted electronically. When printed it is expressed in groups of four characters separated by a single space, the last group being of variable length as shown in the example below:[1]

Country IBAN formatting example
Greece GR16 0110 1250 0000 0001 2300 695
United Kingdom GB29 NWBK 6016 1331 9268 19
Saudi Arabia SA03 8000 0000 6080 1016 7519
Switzerland CH93 0076 2011 6238 5295 7

Permitted IBAN characters are the digits 0 to 9 and the 26 upper-case Latin alphabetic characters A to Z.[9] This applies even in countries (e.g., Thailand) where these characters are not used in the national language.

Basic Bank Account Number

The Basic Bank Account Number (BBAN) format is decided by the national central bank or designated payment authority of each country. There is no consistency between the formats adopted. The national authority may register its BBAN format with SWIFT, but is not obliged to do so. It may adopt IBAN without registration. SWIFT also acts as the registration authority for the SWIFT system, which is used by most countries that have not adopted IBAN. A major difference between the two systems is that under SWIFT there is no requirement that BBANs used within a country be of a pre-defined length.

The BBAN must be of a fixed length for the country and comprise case-insensitive alphanumeric characters. It includes the domestic bank account number, branch identifier, and potential routing information. Each country can have a different national routing/account numbering system, up to a maximum of 30 alphanumeric characters.

Check digits

The check digits enable the sending bank (or its customer) to perform a sanity check of the routing destination and account number from a single string of data at the time of data entry.[4] This check is guaranteed to detect any instances where a single character has been omitted, duplicated, mistyped or where two characters have been transposed. Thus routing and account number errors are virtually eliminated.[9]

Processing

One of the design aims of the IBAN was to enable as much validation as possible to be done at the point of data entry.[10] In particular, the computer program that accepts an IBAN will be able to validate:

The check digits are calculated using MOD-97-10 as per ISO/IEC 7064:2003[9] (abbreviated to mod-97 in this article), which specifies a set of check character systems capable of protecting strings against errors which occur when people copy or key data. In particular, the standard states that the following can be detected:

The underlying rules for IBANs is that the account-servicing financial institution should issue an IBAN, as there are a number of areas where different IBANs could be generated from the same account and branch numbers that would satisfy the generic IBAN validation rules. In particular cases where 00 is a valid check digit, 97 will not be a valid check digit, likewise, if 01 is a valid check digit, 98 will not be a valid check digit, similarly with 02 and 99.

The UN CEFACT TBG5 has published a free IBAN validation service in 32 languages for all 57 countries that have adopted the IBAN standard.[11] They have also published the Javascript source code of the verification algorithm.[12]

An English language IBAN checker for ECBS member country bank accounts is available on its website.[13]

Algorithms

Validating the IBAN

An IBAN is validated by converting it into an integer and performing a basic mod-97 operation (as described in ISO 7064) on it. If the IBAN is valid, the remainder equals 1.[Note 1] The algorithm of IBAN validation is as follows:[8]

  1. Check that the total IBAN length is correct as per the country. If not, the IBAN is invalid
  2. Move the four initial characters to the end of the string
  3. Replace each letter in the string with two digits, thereby expanding the string, where A = 10, B = 11, ..., Z = 35
  4. Interpret the string as a decimal integer and compute the remainder of that number on division by 97

If the remainder is 1, the check digit test is passed and the IBAN might be valid.

Example (fictitious United Kingdom bank, sort code 12-34-56, account number 98765432):

• IBAN: GB82 WEST 1234 5698 7654 32
• Rearrange: W E S T12345698765432 G B82
• Convert to integer: 3214282912345698765432161182
• Compute remainder: 3214282912345698765432161182 mod 97 = 1

Generating IBAN check digits

According to the ECBS "generation of the IBAN shall be the exclusive responsibility of the bank/branch servicing the account".[8] The ECBS document replicates part of the ISO/IEC 7064:2003 standard as a method for generating check digits in the range 02 to 98. Check digits in the ranges 00 to 96, 01 to 97, and 03 to 99 will also provide validation of an IBAN, but the standard is silent as to whether or not these ranges may be used.

The preferred algorithm is:[8]

  1. Check that the total IBAN length is correct as per the country. If not, the IBAN is invalid
  2. Replace the two check digits by 00 (e.g. GB00 for the UK)
  3. Move the four initial characters to the end of the string
  4. Replace the letters in the string with digits, expanding the string as necessary, such that A or a = 10, B or b = 11, and Z or z = 35. Each alphabetic character is therefore replaced by 2 digits
  5. Convert the string to an integer (i.e. ignore leading zeroes)
  6. Calculate mod-97 of the new number, which results in the remainder
  7. Subtract the remainder from 98, and use the result for the two check digits. If the result is a single digit number, pad it with a leading 0 to make a two-digit number

Modulo operation on IBAN

Any computer programming language or software package that is used to compute D mod 97 directly must have the ability to handle integers of more than 30 digits. In practice, this can only be done by software that either supports arbitrary-precision arithmetic or that can handle 220 bit (unsigned) integers,[Note 2] features that are often not standard. If the application software in use does not provide the ability to handle integers of this size, the modulo operation can be performed in a piece-wise manner (as is the case with the UN CEFACT TBG5 Javascript program).

Piece-wise calculation D mod 97 can be done in many ways. One such way is as follows:[14]

1. Starting from the leftmost digit of D, construct a number using the first 9 digits and call it N.[Note 3]
2. Calculate N mod 97.
3. Construct a new 9-digit N by concatenating above result (step 2) with the next 7 digits of D. If there are fewer than 7 digits remaining in D but at least one, then construct a new N, which will have less than 9 digits, from the above result (step 2) followed by the remaining digits of D
4. Repeat steps 2–3 until all the digits of D have been processed

The result of the final calculation in step 2 will be D mod 97 = N mod 97.

Example

In this example, the above algorithm for D mod 97 will be applied to D = 3214282912345698765432161182. (The digits are colour-coded to aid the description below.) If the result is one, the IBAN corresponding to D passes the check digit test.

1. Construct N from the first 9 digits of D
N = 321428291
2. Calculate N mod 97 = 70
3. Construct a new 9-digit N from the above result (step 2) followed by the next 7 digits of D.
N = 702345698
4. Calculate N mod 97 = 29
5. Construct a new 9-digit N from the above result (step 4) followed by the next 7 digits of D.
N = 297654321
6. Calculate N mod 97 = 24
7. Construct a new N from the above result (step 6) followed by the remaining 5 digits of D.
N = 2461182
8. Calculate N mod 97 = 1

From step 8, the final result is D mod 97 = 1 and the IBAN has passed this check digit test.

Adoption

Adoption of the IBAN (as of January 1, 2014)
  IBAN structure is defined
  IBAN structure is registered with SWIFT
  Country participates in SEPA
  Euro is country's currency

International bank transactions use either an IBAN or the ISO 9362 Bank Identifier Code system (BIC or SWIFT code) in conjunction with the BBAN.

The banks of most countries in Europe publish account numbers using both the IBAN format and the nationally recognised identifiers, this being mandatory within the European Economic Area.[15] Banks in many other countries including most states of the Middle East, North Africa and the Caribbean have implemented the IBAN format for account identification.[1]

Day-to-day administration of banking in British Overseas Territories varies from territory to territory — some, such as South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, have too small a population to warrant a banking system while others, such as Bermuda, have a thriving financial sector.[16] The use of the IBAN is up to the local government — Gibraltar, being part of the European Union is required to use the IBAN,[15] as are the Crown dependencies, which use the British clearing system[17] and the British Virgin Islands have elected to do so. As of April 2013, no other British Overseas Territories have elected to use the IBAN.[1] Banks in the Caribbean Netherlands also do not use the IBAN. In some countries the IBAN is used on an ad hoc basis, an example being Ukraine where account numbers used for international transfers of four of the national banks have additional aliases that follow the IBAN format as a precursor to formal SWIFT registration.[18]

The degree to which bank verifies the validity of a recipient's bank account number depends of the configuration of the transmitting bank's software—many major software packages supply bank account validation as a standard function.[19] Some banks outside Europe may not recognize IBAN, though this is expected to diminish with time. Non-European banks usually accept IBANs for accounts in Europe, although they might not treat IBANs differently from other foreign bank account numbers. In particular, they might not check the IBAN's validity prior to sending the transfer.[20]

Banks in the United States do not use IBAN as account numbers for US accounts.[21] Any adoption of the IBAN standard by US banks would likely be initiated by ANSI ASC X9, the US financial services standards development organization: a working group (WGAB20) was established as an X9 subcommittee to generate an IBAN construction for US Bank accounts.[22] Canadian financial institutions have not adopted IBAN and use bank transit numbers issued by the Canadian Payments Association for domestic transfers, and SWIFT for international transfers. There is no formal governmental or private sector regulatory requirement in Canada for the major banks to use IBAN. Financial institutions in Australia and New Zealand do not use IBAN. They use Bank State Branch codes for domestic transfers and SWIFT for international transfers.[23]

Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA)

Since February 2014, the IBAN is mandatory for all banking transactions in countries that use the euro

The IBAN designation scheme was chosen as the foundation for electronic straight-through processing in the European Economic Area. The European Parliament mandated that a bank charge needs to be the same amount for domestic credit transfers as for cross-border credit transfers regulated in decision 2560/2001 (updated in 924/2009).[15] This regulation took effect in 2003. Only payments in euro up to €12,500 to a bank account designated by its IBAN were covered by the regulation.

The Euro Payments regulation has been the foundation for the decision to create a Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA). The European Central Bank has created the TARGET2 interbank network that unifies the technical infrastructure of the 26 central banks of the European Union (although Sweden and the UK have opted-out). SEPA is a self-regulatory initiative by the banking sector of Europe as represented in the European Payments Council (EPC). The European Union made the scheme mandatory through the Payment Services Directive published in 2007. Since January 2008, all countries must support SEPA credit transfer, and SEPA direct debit must be supported since November 2009. The regulation on SEPA payments increases the charge cap (same price for domestic payments as for cross-border payments) to €50,000.

With a further decision of the European Parliament, the IBAN scheme for bank accounts fully replaced the domestic numbering schemes from 31 December 2012.[24] On 16 December 2010, the European Commission published proposed regulations that will make IBAN support mandatory for domestic credit transfer by 2013 and for domestic direct debit by 2014 (with a 12 and 24 months transition period respectively).[25] Some countries have already replaced their traditional bank account scheme by IBAN. This includes Switzerland where IBAN was introduced for national credit transfer on 1 January 2006 and the support for the old bank account numbers has not been required from 1 January 2010.[26]

Based on a 20 December 2011 memorandum,[27] the EU parliament resolved the mandatory dates for the adoption of the IBAN on 14 February 2012.[28] From 1 February 2014, all national systems for credit transfer and direct debit must be abolished and replaced by an IBAN-based system.[28] This will be extended to all cross-border SEPA transactions from 1 February 2016 (Article 5 Section 7).[28] After these dates the IBAN will be sufficient to identify an account for home and foreign financial transactions in SEPA countries and banks will no longer be permitted to require that the customer supply the BIC for the beneficiary's bank.

In the run-up to the 1 February 2014 deadline, it became apparent that many old bank account numbers had not been allocated IBANs—an issue that has to be addressed on a country-by-country basis. In Germany, for example, the German Federal Bank and the German Banking Industry Committee require that all holders of German bank codes ("Bankleitzahl") publish the specifics of their IBAN generation format taking into account not only the generation of check digits but also the handling of legacy bank codes, thereby enabling third parties to generate IBANs independently of the bank.[29] The first such catalogue was published in June 2013 as a variant of the old bank code catalog ("Bankleitzahlendatei").[30]

IBAN formats by country

This table summarises the IBAN formats by country:[1]

Country Chars BBAN Format IBAN Fields Comment
Albania 28 8n, 16c ALkk bbbs sssx cccc cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
s = Branch code
x = National check digit
c = Account number
Andorra 24 8n,12c ADkk bbbb ssss cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
s = Branch code
c = Account number
Austria 20 16n ATkk bbbb bccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Azerbaijan 28 4c,20n AZkk bbbb cccc cccc cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Bahrain 22 4a,14c BHkk bbbb cccc cccc cccc cc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Belgium 16 12n BEkk bbbc cccc ccxx b = National bank code
c = Account number
x = National check digits
Bosnia and Herzegovina 20 16n BAkk bbbs sscc cccc ccxx k = IBAN check digits (always 39)
b = National bank code
s = Branch code
c = Account number
x = National check digits
Brazil 29 23n, 1a, 1c BRkk bbbb bbbb ssss sccc cccc ccct n k = IBAN check digits (Calculated by MOD 97-10)
b = National bank code
s = Branch code
c = Account number
t = Account type (Cheque account, Savings account etc.)
n = Owner account number ("1", "2" etc.)[31]
Bulgaria 22 4a,6n,8c BGkk bbbb ssss ddcc cccc cc b = BIC bank code
s = Branch (BAE) number
d = Account type
c = Account number
Costa Rica 21 17n CRkk bbbc cccc cccc cccc c b = bank code
c = Account number
Croatia 21 17n HRkk bbbb bbbc cccc cccc c b = Bank code
c = Account number
Cyprus 28 8n,16c CYkk bbbs ssss cccc cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
s = Branch code
c = Account number
Czech Republic 24 20n CZkk bbbb ssss sscc cccc cccc b = National bank code
s = Account number prefix
c = Account number
Denmark 18 14n DKkk bbbb cccc cccc cc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Dominican Republic 28 4a,20n DOkk bbbb cccc cccc cccc cccc cccc b = Bank identifier
c = Account number
East Timor 23 19n TLkk bbbc cccc cccc cccc cxx k = IBAN check digits (always = "38")
b = Bank identifier
c = Account number
x = National check digit
Estonia 20 16n EEkk bbss cccc cccc cccx b = National bank code
s = Branch code
c = Account number
x = National check digit
Faroe Islands[Note 4] 18 14n FOkk bbbb cccc cccc cx b = National bank code
c = Account number
x = National check digit
Finland 18 14n FIkk bbbb bbcc cccc cx b = Bank and branch code
c = Account number
x = National check digit
France[Note 5] 27 10n,11c,2n FRkk bbbb bggg ggcc cccc cccc cxx b = National bank code
g = Branch code (fr:code guichet)
c = Account number
x = National check digits (fr:clé RIB)
Georgia 22 2c,16n GEkk bbcc cccc cccc cccc cc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Germany 22 18n DEkk bbbb bbbb cccc cccc cc b = Bank and branch identifier (de:Bankleitzahl or BLZ)
c = Account number
Gibraltar 23 4a,15c GIkk bbbb cccc cccc cccc ccc b = BIC bank code
c = Account number
Greece 27 7n,16c GRkk bbbs sssc cccc cccc cccc ccc b = National bank code
s = Branch code
c = Account number
Greenland[Note 4] 18 14n GLkk bbbb cccc cccc cc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Guatemala [32] 28 4c,20c GTkk bbbb mmtt cccc cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
c = Account number
m = Currency
t = Account type
Hungary 28 24n HUkk bbbs sssk cccc cccc cccc cccx b = National bank code
s = Branch code
c = Account number
x = National check digit
Iceland 26 22n ISkk bbbb sscc cccc iiii iiii ii b = National bank code
s = Branch code
c = Account number
i = holder's kennitala (national identification number).
Ireland 22 4c,14n IEkk aaaa bbbb bbcc cccc cc a = BIC bank code
b = Bank/branch code (sort code)
c = Account number
Israel 23 19n ILkk bbbn nncc cccc cccc ccc b = National bank code
n = Branch number
c = Account number 13 digits (padded with zeros)
Italy 27 1a,10n,12c ITkk xaaa aabb bbbc cccc cccc ccc x = Check char (CIN)
a = National bank code (it:Associazione bancaria italiana or Codice ABI )
b = Branch code (it:Coordinate bancarie or CAB – Codice d'Avviamento Bancario)
c = Account number
Jordan[33] 30 4a, 22n JOkk bbbb nnnn cccc cccc cccc cccc cc b = National bank code
n = Branch code
c = Account number
Kazakhstan 20 3n,13c KZkk bbbc cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Kosovo 20 4n,10n,2n XKkk bbbb cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Kuwait 30 4a, 22c KWkk bbbb cccc cccc cccc cccc cccc cc b = National bank code
c = Account number.
Latvia 21 4a,13c LVkk bbbb cccc cccc cccc c b = BIC Bank code
c = Account number
Lebanon 28 4n,20c LBkk bbbb cccc cccc cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Liechtenstein 21 5n,12c LIkk bbbb bccc cccc cccc c b = National bank code
c = Account number
Lithuania 20 16n LTkk bbbb bccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Luxembourg 20 3n,13c LUkk bbbc cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Macedonia 19 3n,10c,2n MKkk bbbc cccc cccc cxx k = IBAN check digits (always = "07")
b = National bank code
c = Account number
x = National check digits
Malta 31 4a,5n,18c MTkk bbbb ssss sccc cccc cccc cccc ccc b = BIC bank code
s = Branch code
c = Account number
Mauritania 27 23n MRkk bbbb bsss sscc cccc cccc cxx k = IBAN check digits (always 13)
b = National bank code
s = Branch code (fr:code guichet)
c = Account number
x = National check digits (fr:clé RIB)
Mauritius 30 4a,19n,3a MUkk bbbb bbss cccc cccc cccc 000d dd b = National bank code
s = Branch identifier
c = Account number
0 = Zeroes
d = Currency Symbol
Monaco 27 10n,11c,2n MCkk bbbb bsss sscc cccc cccc cxx b = National bank code
s = Branch code (fr:code guichet)
c = Account number
x = National check digits (fr:clé RIB).
Moldova 24 2c,18c MDkk bbcc cccc cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Montenegro 22 18n MEkk bbbc cccc cccc cccc xx k = IBAN check digits (always = "25")
b = Bank code
c = Account number
x = National check digits
Netherlands[Note 6] 18 4a,10n NLkk bbbb cccc cccc cc b = BIC Bank code
c = Account number
Norway 15 11n NOkk bbbb cccc ccx b = National bank code
c = Account number
x = Modulo-11 national check digit
Pakistan 24 4c,16n PKkk bbbb cccc cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Palestinian territories 29 4c,21n PSkk bbbb xxxx xxxx xccc cccc cccc c b = National bank code
c = Account number
x = Not specified
Poland 28 24n PLkk bbbs sssx cccc cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
s = Branch code
x = National check digit
c = Account number,
Portugal 25 21n PTkk bbbb ssss cccc cccc cccx x k = IBAN check digits (always = "50")
b = National bank code
s = Branch code
C = Account number
x = National check digit
Qatar 29 4a, 21c QAkk bbbb cccc cccc cccc cccc cccc c b = National bank code
c = Account number[34]
Romania 24 4a,16c ROkk bbbb cccc cccc cccc cccc b = BIC Bank code
c = Branch code and account number (bank-specific format)
San Marino 27 1a,10n,12c SMkk xaaa aabb bbbc cccc cccc ccc x = Check char (it:CIN)
a = National bank code (it:Associazione bancaria italiana or Codice ABI)
b = Branch code (it:Coordinate bancarie or CAB – Codice d'Avviamento Bancario)
c = Account number
Saudi Arabia 24 2n,18c SAkk bbcc cccc cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
c = Account number preceded by zeros, if required
Serbia 22 18n RSkk bbbc cccc cccc cccc xx b = National bank code
c = Account number
x = Account check digits
Slovakia 24 20n SKkk bbbb ssss sscc cccc cccc b = National bank code
s = Account number prefix
c = Account number
Slovenia 19 15n SIkk bbss sccc cccc cxx k = IBAN check digits (always = "56")
b = National bank code
s = Branch code
c = Account number
x = National check digits
Spain 24 20n ESkk bbbb gggg xxcc cccc cccc b = National bank code
g = Branch code
x = Check digits
c = Account number
Sweden 24 20n SEkk bbbc cccc cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
c = Account number
Switzerland 21 5n,12c CHkk bbbb bccc cccc cccc c b = National bank code
c = Account number
Tunisia 24 20n TNkk bbss sccc cccc cccc cccc k = IBAN check digits (always 59)
b = National bank code
s = Branch code
c = Account number
Turkey 26 5n,17c TRkk bbbb bxcc cccc cccc cccc cc b = National bank code
x = Reserved for future use (currently "0")
c = Account number
United Arab Emirates 23 3n,16n AEkk bbbc cccc cccc cccc ccc b = National bank code
c = Account number
United Kingdom[Note 7] 22 4a,14n GBkk bbbb ssss sscc cccc cc b = BIC bank code
s = Bank and branch code (sort code)
c = Account number
Virgin Islands, British 24 4c,16n VGkk bbbb cccc cccc cccc cccc b = National bank code
c = Account number

In addition to the above list, Nordea has catalogued IBANs for countries listed below.[35]

In this list

Country Chars Example
Algeria 24 DZkk nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn
Angola 25 AOkk nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn n
Benin 28 BJkk annn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn
Burkina Faso 27 BFkk nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnn
Burundi 16 BIkk nnnn nnnn nnnn
Cameroon 27 CMkk nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnn
Cape Verde 25 CVkk nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn n
Iran 26 IRkk nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nn
Ivory Coast 28 CIkk annn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn
Madagascar 27 MGkk nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnn
Mali 28 MLkk annn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn
Mozambique 25 MZkk nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn n
Senegal 28 SNkk annn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn nnnn
Ukraine 29 UAkk bbbb bbcc cccc cccc cccc cccc c

Criticism

There is criticism about the length and readability of IBAN. Printed on paper the IBAN is often difficult to read. Therefore, it is popular to group the IBAN with four symbols. However, for electronic documents (e.g. PDF invoice) the copy and paste of grouped IBAN can result in errors with online banking forms. Only a few user friendly bank institutes allow and detect the copy and paste of both grouped and ungrouped IBAN.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ In equations, the remainder of A divided by B is denoted A mod B or A (mod B), e.g., 2 = 14 mod 12 . See Remainders.
  2. ↑ The maximum length of D in (decimal) digits for the fully generic IBAN with 34 alphanumeric digits (two of which, the check digits, can, however, only be numeric) is (34-2) × 2 + 2 × 1 = 66. 2220 is equal to 1.7 × 1066, from which it can be inferred that 220 bit unsigned integers can accommodate all unsigned integers of 66 digits.
  3. ↑ 231 is approximately equal to 2.1 × 109, making it possible for any 9-digit integer to be handled using 32 bit integer arithmetic
  4. 1 2 Registered at SWIFT as part of Denmark, but with its own country code.
  5. ↑ French Guyana, French Polynesia, French Southern Territories, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, New Caledonia, Réunion, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin (French part), Saint Pierre and Miquelon, and Wallis and Futuna Islands have their own ISO country code but use "FR" as their IBAN country code.
  6. ↑ Not applicable to Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten, and the Caribbean Netherlands.
  7. ↑ The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man and the Bailiwicks of Guernsey and Jersey use this format. British Overseas Territories have their own formats — only Gibraltar and the British Virgin Islands use IBANs.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "IBAN registry – This registry provides detailed information about all ISO 13616-compliant national IBAN formats – Release 63" (PDF). SWIFT. February 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
  2. ↑ "Handbook for the Standardisation and Application of Basic Bank Account Number (BBAN) and International Bank Account Number (IBAN) in Cyprus" (PDF). Central Bank of Cyprus. September 2003. Introduction. Retrieved 7 August 2012.
  3. 1 2 "Banking and related financial services -- International Bank Account Number (IBAN)". International Organisation for Standardisation. 24 July 2003. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
  4. 1 2 "IBAN Standard Implementation Guidelines – SIG203 V4" (PDF). European Committee for Banking Standards. December 2000. 9.3 Ordering customer. Retrieved 8 August 2012. IBANs make validation possible for telebanking, FEDI
  5. ↑ "ISO 13616-1:2007 Financial services — International bank account number (IBAN) — Part 1: Structure of the IBAN". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 31 January 2010.
  6. ↑ "ISO 13616-2:2007 Financial services – International bank account number (IBAN) -- Part 2: Role and responsibilities of the Registration Authority". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 31 January 2010.
  7. ↑ "ISO13616 IBAN Registry". SWIFT. Retrieved 18 January 2010.
  8. 1 2 3 4 "IBAN: International Bank Account Number" (PDF). EBS204 V3.2. European Committee for Banking Standards. August 2003. Retrieved 1 August 2010.
  9. 1 2 3 "ISO/IEC 7064:2003 – Information technology – Security techniques – Check character systems". International Organization for Standardization. Retrieved 31 January 2010.
  10. ↑ "Handbook for the Standardisation and Application of Basic Bank Account Number (BBAN) and International Bank Account Number (IBAN) in Cyprus" (PDF). Central Bank of Cyprus. September 2003. Section 4 – Advantages. Retrieved 7 August 2012. Reduction of human errors
  11. ↑ "International Bank Account Number (IBAN) – IBAN online check". UN/CEFACT United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business. 23 April 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2012.
  12. ↑ "International Bank Account Number (IBAN) – Basic information". UN/CEFACT United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business. 23 April 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2012.
  13. ↑ "Iban Checker". European Banking Resources. ecbs.org. 22 September 2008. Retrieved 30 September 2012.
  14. ↑ "Standard 48 – Format of the IBAN issued in the UK (International Bank Account Number)" (PDF). UK Payments Administration. June 2007. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
  15. 1 2 3 EU Regulation 924/2009 "REGULATION (EC) No 924/2009 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 16 September 2009 on cross-border payments in the Community and repealing Regulation (EC) No 2560/2001" Check |url= value (help). Commission of the European Union. Retrieved 18 January 2010.
  16. ↑ "Bermuda Monetary Authority: Home Page". 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  17. ↑ "World Payments Guide". PacNet Services Ltd. 2011. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  18. ↑ Засідання Комітету з питань банківської інфраструктури та платіжних систем [News: Committee Meeting banking infrastructure and payment systems] (in Ukrainian). 28 March 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
  19. ↑ "Bank Account Validation". SAP work portal. SAP. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  20. ↑ "Avoiding the Pitfalls of IBAN Payments". Reed Business Information Limited. 2013. pp. 1–4. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  21. ↑ "Understanding SWIFT and IBAN: Essential Details When Making A Money Transfer". Currency Solutions. 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
  22. ↑ "X9 Board, Subcommittees and Working Groups: WGAB20 – (IBAN) International Bank Account Number". Accredited Standards Committee X9. 2012. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
  23. ↑ "IBAN SWIFT Codes". Switzerland Buying Guide. 2013. Retrieved 4 July 2013. Broken link as of September 2015. Archived copy
  24. ↑ "Frist für Umstieg auf SEPA-Produkte: Dt Widerstand programmiert" [Deadline for migration to SEPA products: Dt programmed resistance] (in German). Dow Jones Deutschland. 14 December 2010. Retrieved 18 December 2010.
  25. ↑ "Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing technical requirements for credit transfers and direct debits in euros and amending Regulation (EC) No 924/2009". the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union. 16 December 2010. Retrieved 17 January 2011.
  26. ↑ "IBAN-Nummer: Noch kein Obligatorium" [IBAN Number: Not mandatory] (in German). 29 November 2009. Retrieved 18 December 2010.
  27. ↑ "Commissioner Michel Barnier welcomes agreement by Council and Parliament establishing SEPA migration end-dates". 20 December 2010. MEMO/11/935.
  28. 1 2 3 "European Parliament legislative resolution of 14 February 2012 on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing technical requirements for credit transfers and direct debits in euros and amending Regulation (EC) No 924/2009". 14 February 2012. P7_TA-PROV(2012)0037.
  29. ↑ "Rundschreiben Nr. 73/2012 Abkommen über IBAN-Regeln" [Circular no 70/2012 Agreement regarding IBAN rules] (PDF) (in German). Deutsche Bundesbank. 18 December 2012. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  30. ↑ "IBAN-Regeln – Bankleitzahlendatei" [IBAN Rules – Bank [sort] codes] (in German). Deutsche Bundesbank. 3 June 2013. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  31. ↑ "IBAN Implementation Guidelines for Brazil - Circular 3.625" (PDF). Banco Central do Brasil. 14 February 2013. Retrieved 1 August 2013.
  32. ↑ "Banco de Guatemala - Convertidor Cuentas Estandarizadas". banguat.gob.gt.
  33. ↑ http://www.citi.com/jordan/homepage/pdf/IBAN-letter.pdf
  34. ↑ "IBAN Registry (Qatar - Page 63)" (PDF). SWIFT. November 2013. Retrieved 21 November 2013.
  35. ↑ "IBAN countries". Nordea. 2016. Retrieved 12 Jan 2016.

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