Azores Geopark

Azores Geopark (Geoparque Açores)
The crater of the Sete Cidades Massif and iconic lagoons: one of the many natural and geomorphological sites that are part of the Geoparks program
Country	Portugal
Autonomous Region	Azores
Islands	Santa Maria, São Miguel, Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores, Corvo
Lowest point	Sea level
- location	Atlantic Ocean
- elevation	0 m (0 ft)
Biomes	Temperate, Mediterranean
Geology	Alkali basalt, Tephra, Trachyte, Trachybasalt
Plant	Laurasilva
Managed by	Azores Geopark Association
Distribution of the islands of the archipelago of the Azores
Website : www.azoresgeopark.com

The Azores Geopark (Portuguese: Geoparque Açores) is a network of 121 geographically-dispersed sites of geographic heritage and marine areas that covers the nine volcanic islands of the archipelago of the Azores. This network is managed by the Azores Geopark Association, a non-profit association, with its headquarters in Horta on the island of Faial, established 19 May 2010. It is part of the European Geoparks Network and the UNESCO-assisted Global Geoparks Network. The Association's mission is to ensure the geological conservation, environmental education and sustainable development, while promoting the well-being of the population and a respect for the environment.

Geopark

The term is used to define a well-defined territory and boundary, whose existence is based on an exceptional geological heritage and a strategy that promotes the well-being of the population while maintaining a respect for the environment.^[1] Consequently, the Geopark includes a number of significant sites of geological interest, based on their unique or rare characteristics or which have a scientific, cultural, economic (tourist), scenic or aesthetic relevance.^[1] Similarly, if its ecology, history or cultural value, along with its thematic or comparable infrastructures can be interconnected in a network, by trails or routes.^[1]

Due to its nature, the geopark concept is based on several objectives:

• Conservation and preservation of geosites of particular importance, exploring and developing methods for geo-conservation, in order to protect the geological patrimony for future generations;^[1]
• Environmental education to promote public consciousness of the important geological heritage and its contribution to the surrounding environment; and to support scientific research and dissemination, as well as encouraging a dialogue between geoscientists and local communities;^[1]
• Stimulate economic activity and sustainable development, through the promotion of nature and rural tourism (Geotourism) for the socio-economic development of the local populations; and to develop an appreciation for the natural and cultural heritage, towards revitalizing traditional activities and products of excellence and quality.^[1]

Geography

Situated 1,360 kilometres (850 mi) west of continental Portugal, about 880 kilometres (550 mi) northwest of Madeira and approximately 1,925 kilometres (1,196 mi) southeast of Newfoundland and Labrador, the Azores Geopark includes several geologically-significant sites throughout all nine islands and maritime seafloor of the Azores. There are 121 geosites in the nine islands, most of them with international or national relevance. The Geopark includes an area is 12,884 square kilometres (4,975 sq mi), including 2,324 square kilometres (897 sq mi) of subaquatic territory.^[2] Among these geosites, 57 were considered priority locations for the application of geoconservation strategies or for appreciation programs.^[2][3]

The archipelago of the Azores includes a rich and vast geodiversity, and an important geological patrimony, comprising various locales of interest to the scientific and pedagogical communities, in addition to its socio-economic importance to tourism.^[2] Due to it being an archipelago, the Azore Geopark is disperse: guaranteeing a representative geodiversity that characterizes the Azorean territory; manifesting in a history based on geological and active volcanism; with conservation strategies that are common; and based on a decentralized management structure with supports in all islands.^[2]

Characteristic of the Azorean geological history is a range of diverse features that includes (but is not limited to) volcanoes, calderas, lakes, lava fields, fumaroles, hot springs and thermal waters, volcanic caves, fajãs, fault scarps and marine fossil deposits.^[2] Beyond this heritage, there are other values of reference in the archipelago, such as its rich biodiversity, architecture, culture and ethnography.^[2][4]

Corvo

Panoramic view of the Caldeirão crater on the small island of Corvo

Flores

Panoramic view of Lagoa Funda and Lagoa Rasa in their respective calderas on the island of Flores

Faial

Panoramic view of the valley of Flamengos toward Monte da Guia on the island of Faial

Pico

São Jorge

Graciosa

Terceira

São Miguel

Santa Maria

EEZ

Environmental awareness

The Geopark implemented various routes and trails on every island to discover the volcanic landscapes. Moreover, many educational activities are organized throughout the year to increase the environmental awareness.^[5]

References

Notes

External links

• Azores Geopark Official Website
• European Geoparks Network Official Website
• Global Geopark Network Official Website

Caldeirão lake, Corvo island

Municipalities of the Azores Autonomous Region Corvo Vila do Corvo Faial Horta Flores Lajes das Flores Santa Cruz das Flores Graciosa Santa Cruz da Graciosa Pico Lajes do Pico Madalena São Roque do Pico Santa Maria Vila do Porto São Jorge Calheta Velas São Miguel Lagoa Nordeste Ponta Delgada Povoação Ribeira Grande Vila Franca do Campo Terceira Angra do Heroísmo Praia da Vitória