August Cieszkowski Street belongs to the architecturally remarkable streets of Bydgoszcz, with its Art Nouveau features from the Fin de siècle period, forming a homogeneous complex of tenements from the end of 19th century beginnining of 20th century.[2]
Location
The street is located in the middle Downtown district in Bydgoszcz, connecting on a southeast - northwest axis Gdańska Street to Pomorska Street. At its south-eastern end is an Evangelical Methodist Church, and its opposite tip leads towards the so-called Music District.
History
The establishment of the street is associated with the dynamic development of the city in the second half of the 19th century. The location of Bydgoszcz Main train station, away from the current center of Bydgoszcz in 1851, eased the urban expansion of the city to the north and north-west. After the construction of new quarters along Gdańska Street, Dworcowa Street and Pomorska Street, another expansion phase occurred among perpendicular short side streets.[3] 1894 is the first date referring to Moltkestraße, today's Cieszkowski Street, with its lavish buildings erected during economic boom and the consequent revival of construction activity in Bydgoszcz. New frontages were built on a grand scale, using the nascent Art Nouveau design. Special attention has been given at the time to street equipment praised by the local Establishment: paving, wide sidewalks with granite, street lighting (gas, then electrical after 1900).[4]
Buildings have been completed within a decade, making August Cieszkowski street a place gathering luxurious tenement houses designed by renowned architects in Bydgoszcz:
Frontages present a variety of stylistic trends, both traditional (Neo-Renaissance, Neo-Baroque) and avant-garde (Historicism, Secession, Modernism).[4]
The first houses were completed in 1897, but most of the construction work took place between 1900 and 1903. In 1904, the road had already received a full equipment: forged fences along the northern frontage, pavement including porphyry , walkways, sewer system and gas street lighting.[4] Among residents and landlords -during both the Prussian period (till 1920) and the interwar- were senior officials, merchants, businessmen, teachers and officers.[4]
After 1990, most of the street buildings have undergone repair and restoration. Since 2008 the "August Cieszkowski Street Residents Association" organizes its annual festival "U-Rodziny Augusta Cieszkowskiego" (In the Family of August Cieszkowski), promoting cultural integration and bringing street residents and tourists. In 2011, the municipal council decided, as part of the revitalization plans, to build a parallel street, "Nowomazowieckiej St.", which should relieve the heavy traffic transit in Cieszkowski Street.[5]
Panorama view on southern frontages
Architecture
August Cieszkowski Street is considered as a showcase of architecture in downtown Bydgoszcz, exalting the style and spirit of Belle Époque. Street frontages are an example of the coexistence of classical forms with avant-garde style.[6]
Facades have been designed by the elite architects in Bydgoszcz in the late 19th and early 20th century, including:[4]
Oldest buildings are located at the intersections with Gdańska Street and Pomorska Street and display Eclecticism forms with details Neo-Renaissance and Neo-Baroque. In younger buildings, especially those erected after 1900, traditional stucco decorations on the facades are reduced to the benefit of enrich architectural forms. Buildings show asymmetrical facades, irregular shapes, with picturesque towers and merging bay windows. These forms are topped with magnificent gables, stressing the picturesque character. In all facades decoration appears stylized and simplified motives, in line with the new trends in art in the late 19th and early 20th century: acanthi, rococo details, Rose windows, herms and others.[4]
Most developed sculptural allegorical decorations on houses facades are geometric and floral ornaments, initials, cartouche symbols and carved figural sculptures. The symbolism used generally refers to the house as a "home", a place of peace and rest, and points out the passing and contemplation of life.[4]
Main places and buildings
House at August Cieszkowski Street N°1
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°601268, Reg.A/1104 (October 18th, 1993).[8]
The building has been erected in 1903-1904, on a design by the architect Paul Böhm. The construction costs exceeded the initial estimations (40,000 DM) and were covered by the architect who hoped to profit from the sale of the finished property. After completion, the tenement was acquired by rentier David Cohn.[4] The address was then "MoltkeStrasse 21".[9] After World War II, building elevation almost completely lost its adornement. Its original appearance has been reconstructed with restored architectural details during the renovation carried out in 1994.[4]
The building was designed in the spirit of Berlin Art Nouveau. It is a three-storey house, founded on "L" shape footprint. Indoor, a high Mansard roof and dormers protect the residential attic. Symmetrical front elevation is built with stylized Tuscan pilasters supporting a balcony. The ensemble is topped with an undulating gable including a large window opening decorated with stucco volutes of "Berlin" inspiration. Secession style is emphasized on the facade by volutes in the corners of the building, wavy plinth, wavy friezes and wavy uplift cornices.[4]
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°1 |
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House at Cieszkowski St.2-Gdanska St.63
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°601309-Reg.A/1046 (May 25th 1991).[8]
House of architect Józef Święcicki, where he lived with his family and ran his business.
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°3 |
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| Facade from Gdańska Street |
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House at August Cieszkowski Street N°3
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°601269-Reg.A/1105 (October 25th 1993).[8]
The building has been erected in 1903-1904, on a design by the architect Paul Böhm: he was also the owner. In 1906 the house was acquired Mr Schmidt, an ingineer.[10] During the interwar periods the building housed a Preparatory School "St. Kazimierz". At that time, Dr. Jan Biziel, an Honorary Citizen of Bydgoszcz, lived there.[4]
The building was designed on a "U" shape, as a four-storey main building and an residential outbuilding located in the back. Indoor, a high Mansard roof hides an attic apartment.[4] The facade has different balconies, a frame construction in the top floor, and a polygonal tower covered with a tented roof.[4]
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°3 |
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House at August Cieszkowski Street N°4
The building has been erected between 1899 and 1900, according to the project of Józef Święcicki. Construction has been led by Rudolf Kern,[4] associate of Święcicki and later on independent designer, of many townhouses in downtown such as:
The next owners of the building were: in the years 1906-1919, Dr. Heinrich Boksch (address was then "Molkestrasse 2".[11] In 1926, the building housed an arm of "Bank Stadthagen" (Polish: Bank Stadthagen. Towarzystwo Akcyjne), established in 1892 by Lewin Aronsohn who had his own house build downtown. The large opening on the ground floor of the facade has been realized on the initiative of the bank, to allow light to flow from Cieszkowski street.[4]
The three-storey building with residential attic is built on a polygon footprint with an interior courtyard. The front elevation is asymmetrical, with avant-corps surmounted by a gable from pinnacles, along with loggias and bay windows. The upper parts of the facade were built with Timber framing method.[4] The building displays an eclectic style combining Neo-Gothic and Art Nouveau elements. It is one of the few picturesque achievements of Joseph Święcicki avant-garde buildings in the end of the 19th century. Stucco decoration of the facade is dominated by stylized floral elements, branch tracery rose window and decorative cartouches.
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°4 |
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| Detail of stylized floral elements |
| Stucco decoration on the facade |
| Stylized floral decoration |
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House at August Cieszkowski Street N°5
The building was erected between 1903 and 1904, designed by architect Ernst Peters, on a lot covering Cieszkowski N°5 and N°7 owned by Franz Muhme, a mastermason, at "Moltkestrasse 19".[12] It was one of the last tenements built in August Cieszkowski Street as demarcated in 1894. In 1927, the building was bought by the Health District Department, adapting it for clinical use. After World War II, a clinic was run here until 1994.[4] The present state of the building reflects the overhaul work carried out from 1987 to 1998.
The three-storey building with a loft has an inverted "T"-shape footprint, with an outbuilding in the wing. The Mansard roof shelters attics. The avant-corps of the front elevation is capped with a triangular gable. Most elements of the original design of the building no longer exists, the lack of original Stucco decoration bears the mark of eclecticism and Modern architecture.[4]
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°5 |
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House at August Cieszkowski Street N°6
The building was erected in the years 1897-1898 by Bydgoszcz architect Carl Meyer for his own use. It was one of the first tenements built in the Cieszkowski Street. Carl Meyer built several other edifices in downtown Bydgoszcz, among others:
Construction work at Cieszkowski 6, has been carried out by master mason Hermann Lewandowski [13] and master carpenter Rudolf Berndt. In 1941, the house was requisitioned by Ministry of Labour of the Third Reich to house the District Supply Office.[4]
The three-storey building with a loft has a polygon base with avant-corps. The building displays eclecticism, typical in Bydgoszcz at the end of 19th century. Many decoration details are to be mentioned, such as:
On the facade are placed cartouches displaying a triangle and a compass, as symbols of Carl Meyer's profession.[4]
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°6 |
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| Detail of the upper frontage |
| Detail of the cartouche displaying a triangle and a compass |
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House at August Cieszkowski Street N°7
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°601270-Reg.A/1106 (November 15th 1993).[8]
The building was erected in 1900-1902, designed by the architect Karl Bergner, on a commission of Franz Muhme, owner of plots on Cieszkowski N°5 and N°7.[4] Karl Bergner designed many other buildings in Bydgoszcz at the time:
- Houses at Foch St.2/4 in 1901-1902,
- A tenement at Dworcowa St.68,
- Several buildings in Cieszkowski St. (N° 7,9,14,16/20,24).
It is a four-storey building with a mansard roof attic, with a "L"-shape footprint. The front elevation is symmetrical along five axis, with an avant-corps surmounted by a terrace.[4] The building bears eclecticism features with predominant Art Nouveau decoration. The gate is decorated with the head of the woman, capped by a stylized oval-shaped palmette.[4]
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°7 |
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House at August Cieszkowski Street N°8
The building was erected between 1899 and 1900 on the initiative of designer Józef Święcicki, who intended to sell with profit the property once completed. However, during the construction Józef Święcicki sold the plot and the building rights to Alexander Grabowski.[4] At its inception, building address was "Moltkestrasse N°4".[14]
Founded on an inverted "T"-shape, the four-storey building has a symmetrical front elevation with two avant-corps. The façade is topped by a triangular gable and a timbered mansard roof.[4] The building displays eclectic style combined with Art Nouveau elements. Dominant motifs are stylized stucco ornaments: chestnut leaves, a twig woven into a coat of arms cartouches. At street level, the wall presents is a bas-relief of a heron in rushes, symbol of a peaceful human life existence.[4]
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°8 |
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House at August Cieszkowski Street N°9
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°601271-Reg.A/1107 (November 16th 1993).[8]
The building was erected in 1900-1902, designed by the architect Karl Bergner on behalf of a merchant, Ephreim Moritz. After WW II, the building became the property of the Treasury department.[4] The present architectural state of the building is the result of a restoration work carried out in the 1990s.
The four-storey building with a mansard roof has a "U"-shape with outbuildings. The front elevation is asymmetrical, with two avant-corps topped with terraces.[4] The building presents eclectic characteristics with Art Nouveau decorations. The left avant-corps is surmounted by a gable adorned with bas-relief stuccoes: scenes depict allegorical female figures with an owl and a rooster, symbolising "Day and Night". A form of a female head is placed in the portal pediment.[4]
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°9 |
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| Stucco allegorical female figures |
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Panorama of Cieszkowskiego St.9 frontage
House at August Cieszkowski Street N°10
The plot where stands the house belonged to Józef Święcicki: he sold it in 1902 to his colleague Rudolf Kern. Rudolf Kern designed many other edifices in Bydgoszcz, among others:
- His own house at Mickiewicz Alley 1;
- Buildings in Gdańska Street (N° 5, 24, 66-68, 67, 71, 158);
- Buildings in Zamoyski street (11, 15);
- Buildings in January 20th street (2, 16, 18, 24).
The building at August Cieszkowski Street N°10 was built in the years 1902-1903 as a joint project of Kern and Święcicki[4] In 1906, it was sold to Albert Jahnke, a merchant.[15]
The four-storey building with a loft has an inverted "T" shape . The front elevation is topped with a triangular, timbered gable and a conical tented Mansard roof. The entrance opening is decorated with flower volutes stuccoes.[4] The building has eclectic features with a predominance of Art Nouveau ornamentation.[4]
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°10 |
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House at August Cieszkowski Street N°11
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°601272-Reg.A/1108 (November 16th 1993).[8]
The building was erected between 1898 and 1899, according to the project of Józef Święcicki on behalf of Gustav Reschke, a rentier.[16] The construction was carried out by master mason Emil Heidemann and master carpenter Friedrich Lork. In 1902, the house at "Moltkestrasse 16" was purchased by its builder Joseph Święcicki, willing to rebuild the interiors.[4] The building has been thoroughly restored during the 1990s and after 2000.
The four-storey building with residential attics has a "U" footprint with two outbuilding wings. The front elevation is symmetrical, flanked by two-storey loggias, topped by triangular bay windows surmounted by balconies. Slight avant-corps can be noticed, capped by gables with semicircular pediments.[17] The building presents eclectic style with Neo-Gothic elements. Bay windows of the second floor are adorned with plant decoration and heraldic cartouches, including a woman head, Bydgoszcz coat of arms, a cog and a head of Hercules. The portal frame displays an allegorical scene with putti blowing clouds, as a symbol of stripping away worries of home residents.[4] The building has preserved most of its original woodwork and windows decoration, but only part of its stuccoes in the residential area.
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°11 |
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| Portal frame detail with putti |
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House at August Cieszkowski Street N°12
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°725834-Reg.A/1524 (April 17th 2006).[8]
The building was erected in 1902-1903, according to the project of contractor Victor Petrikowski in cooperation with the architect Rudolf Kern. In 1915, it was purchased by Rudolf Frisch, a rentier, who had the veranda added.[4] The present facade of the building is the result of restoration works carried out in 2010.
The four-storey building with has "T" shape. The left top of the front facade has a small avant-corps crowned by a gable. The roof has embedded dormers, those on the right end being covered with a tented roof. The lower tier displays brick masonry.[4] The building style is eclectic with Art Nouveau decoration . The opening above the entrance hole is decorated with Art Nouveau ornamentation: stylized chestnut leaves and a head of a woman.[4]
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°12 |
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Panorama on N°10 and N°12 facades
House at August Cieszkowski Street N°13/15
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°601273-Reg.A/1109 (November 17th 1993).[8]
The construction of the building started in 1902, on a commission of a Housing Firm (German: Wohnungsverein zu Bromberg GmbH). It was completed in 1903, realized by the architect Fritz Weidner who also designed in Bydgoszcz, among others in Gdańska Street:
After 1920 the building passed into the hands of a Housing company seating at Libelta street, and after World War II it has been owned by the Housing Cooperative of Bydgoszcz (Polish: Bydgoska Spółdzielnia Mieszkaniowa).[4] During the postwar period the facade lost some decoration. Two deep restorations have been carried out, one in 1992 and one after 2000.
The house has got four storey, on a "U" shape with two elongated residential wings. The front elevation has two bay windows, each topped with an octagonal tented roof. In the central part of the facade are loggias: the first floor displays Tuscan order columns arcade, and the second level has got wooden pillars and a baluster railing.[17] The four peak roofs are timbered made.[4] The building bears the characteristics of eclecticism, but many elements refer to Art Nouveau. The gate opening at N°13 is topped with a stucco of a woman's head, and the entrance at N°15 has a cartouche bearing "AD1903", surrounded by chestnut leaves.[4]
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°13/15 |
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House at August Cieszkowski Street N°14
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°601274-Reg.A/1052 (November 17th 1997).[8]
The building was erected in 1899 by the architect Karl Bergner (who also realized N°7, 9, 16/18/20 in the same street) on behalf of tailor Wilhelm Brzęczkowski,[4] living at "Dantzigerstrasse 42".[18]
The four-storey building with a loft has residential area wings. The front elevation is enriched with a bay window topped with a triangular gable. The Mansard roof shows dormers topped with tent roof.[4] The facade has eclectic features with Neo-Mannerism elements.[4]
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°14 |
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House at August Cieszkowski Street N°16/18/20
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°601275-Reg.A/1110 (November 22nd 1993), N°601277-Reg.A/1112 (November 22nd 1993) & N°601278-Reg.A/1113 (November 22nd 1993).[8]
The initiator of the project was Vincent Krause, the first owner, who sold the plot to the architect Karl Bergner. In 1901, Karl Bergner applied for a 3 houses building permission on the area. The work was finished in 1903, and shortly afterwards, individual pieces of the real estate were sold.[4] A rehabilitation work including several architectural details has been performed around 2010.
The three-storey building has a "L" footprint with small outbuilding wings. The ensemble has got a common Mansard roof with attics and dormers. Façades are standardized, without any distinct divisions of individual segments. In the central part of the block are two bay window topped with spires.[4] The building style is eclectic, with Art Nouveau decoration.[4] On the walls stand wide friezes with Art Nouveau plant motifs, while the bottom of both bay windows are adorned with chestnut leaves and a stylized head of a woman.[4]
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°16/18/20 |
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| Gate decoration with leaves and a head of a woman |
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Panorama on N°14 (left) and N°16/18/20 (right) facades
House at August Cieszkowski Street N°17
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°601276-Reg.A/1111 (November 17th 1993).[8]
The building was erected in 1897-1898, according to the project of Józef Święcicki, on behalf of the rentier Gustav Reschke.[4] Current architectural details and original colors are the outcome overhaul connected performed in the 1990s. Polish Vice Admiral Napoleon Louis-Wawel lived there from 1923 till he committed suicide in this house in 1934.
In 1923, the Union of Poles from the Eastern Borderlands (Polish: Związek Polaków z Kresów Wschodnich) opened a charity kitchen to help the displaced Poles victims of the borders changes after the Peace of Riga with USSR: in 1929, it had served 30 014 meals.[19] The kitchen was led by Anna von Helmersen, living at Jan and Jędrzej Śniadecki Street N°12.
The four-storey building with a residential attic has got a "L" shape. The front elevation is symmetrical, flanked on both sides by two massive balconies topped by Mansard roof.[4] Dormers display gables ornamented with volutes. The building presents eclectic features with Neo-Baroque elements .
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°17 |
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House at August Cieszkowski Street N°22
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°601279-Reg.A/1087 (November 23th 1993).[8]
The building was erected between 1898 and 1899, on a design of architect Fritz Weidner, after a commission of a wealthy craftsman Vincent Krause. From 1902 to 1907, the new owner, a railway clerk named Richard Fiedler,[14] ordered a reconstruction of the building, including:
- the expansion of a wing to fit an additional staircase,
- the building of glazed verandas and a balcony in a corner,
- an additional ground-floor outbuilding.[4]
Thorough restorations have been performed in the 1990s and after 2000.
The building has four storeys, part of which recedes into the lot. The block is enriched with a series of glass verandas and gables. The facade stands out of the others, with a mix of eclecticism and Art Nouveau. On the corner, under a pink tracery canopy, is placed a halberdier, symbolic protector and guardian of the house. In the opposite corner, a cartouche bears the initials "KV" from the first owner of the building, "Krause Vincent".[4] The facades display various cornices and ornaments, embellished with vegetal motifs.[17] The top of the main facade is capped with a weather vane bearing the date "1899".
| House at August Cieszkowski Street N°22 |
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| View from Cieszkowski Street |
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Corner house at Cieszkowski Street-Pomorska Street N°48
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°601398-Reg.A/1099 (May 4th 1994).[8]
The first building on the plot dates back to the 1870s. In 1896, at the same location, Józef Święcicki designed a new, grander tenement commissioned by the rentier and real estate dealer Gustav Reschke (who already commissioned buildings at N°11 and 17). The ground floor was devoted to retail stores and the rest was a four-storey apartment.[4] A full revitalization of the house, bringing back original facade appearance with reconstructed architectural details and original colors, has been carried out in 1993-1994.[4]
The four-storey building has a "L" shape with bay windows and balconies on the first and second floor. The front elevation is symmetrical, with regularly laid out architectural decoration. Some of the first floor windows are flanked by Ionic pilasters. Second floor windows are topped with stylized acanthus pediments. Architectural style belongs to eclecticism, with forms of Neo-Renaissance and Neo-Baroque.
| Corner house at Cieszkowski Street-Pomorska Street N°48 |
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| View from street crossing |
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Corner house at Cieszkowski Street N°24-Pomorska Street N°50
Kuyavian-Pomeranian Heritage list N°601399-Reg.A/1051 (December 8th 1997).[8]
The first building on the plot dates back to the 1870s. In 1895, in the same location, the architect Fritz Weidner designed a new, grander tenement on behalf of Wilhelmin Wiemer, owner of the lot. Finally, for financial disputes, the project has been carried out by Karl Bergner in place of Weidner. The construction of the building was completed in 1899.[4] The ground floor was devoted to shopping and restoration retail and upper floors for housing. On October 11th 1936, Richard Klewin, a dentist, acquired the building.[20] During the communist era the building housed the restaurant "Gromada", and since 2000, restaurant "Pierogarnia pod Aniołami" ("Dumpling Under the Angels"), run by Bydgoszcz Diocese Caritas association.[21] The facade has undergone a full overhaul in 1994.[4]
The three-storey building has a "U" shape footprint with a beveled corner. The corner elevation displays an avant-corps as well as the facade onto Cieszkiewski street, which is also enriched with a two-storey bay window.[4] The corner, capped by a spired roof lantern, is flanked on the top with triangular gables with dormer windows. The second floor bay-window is an open arcaded loggia supported by Ionic columns.[4] The building presents a eclectic characteristics with forms of picturesque architecture and Neo-Baroque decorations.
| Corner house at Cieszkowski Street N°24-Pomorska Street N°50 |
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| View from streets intersection |
| View from Cieszkowski Street |
| Spire on the roof and triangular gables |
|
Corner houses at Pomorska N°48 (right) and N°50 (left)
See also
Bibliography
- (Polish) Derenda Jerzy red.: Piękna stara Bydgoszcz. Tom I z serii: Bydgoszcz miasto na Kujawach. Towarzystwo Miłośników Miasta Bydgoszczy. Bydgoszcz 2006. ISBN 83-916178-0-7, 978-83-916178-0-9, 83-916178-5-8, 978-83-916178-5-4, 83-916178-1-5, 978-83-916178-1-6
- (Polish) Bręczewska-Kulesza, Daria: Przegląd stylów występujących w bydgoskiej architekturze drugiej połowy XIX i początku XX stulecia
- (Polish) Jastrzębska-Puzowska, Iwona: Od miasteczka do metropolii. Rozwój architektoniczny i urbanistyczny Bydgoszczy w latach 1850-1920. Wydawnictwo MADO. Toruń 2005. ISBN 83-89886-38-3, 978-83-89886-38-5
- (Polish) Umiński, Janusz: Bydgoszcz. Przewodnik, Regionalny Oddział PTTK "Szlak Brdy" Bydgoszcz 1996
- (Polish) Winter Piotr: Ulica Augusta Cieszkowskiego w Bydgoszczy. Zespół architektoniczny z przełomu XIX i XX wieku, Wojewódzki Ośrodek Kultury w Bydgoszczy, Bydgoszcz 1996
- (Polish) Parucka Krystyna. Zabytki Bydgoszczy – minikatalog. "Tifen" Krystyna Parucka. Bydgoszcz 2008. ISBN 978-83-927191-0-6
References
- ↑ Czachorowski Antoni red.: Atlas historyczny miast polskich. Tom II Kujawy. Zeszyt I Bydgoszcz. Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika. Toruń 1997
- ↑ Derenda Jerzy red.: Piękna stara Bydgoszcz. Tom I z serii: Bydgoszcz miasto na Kujawach. Towarzystwo Miłośników Miasta Bydgoszczy. Bydgoszcz 2006. ISBN 83-916178-0-7, 978-83-916178-0-9, 83-916178-5-8, 978-83-916178-5-4, 83-916178-1-5, 978-83-916178-1-6, str. 279
- ↑ Jastrzębska-Puzowska, Iwona: Od miasteczka do metropolii. Rozwój architektoniczny i urbanistyczny Bydgoszczy w latach 1850-1920. Wydawnictwo MADO. Toruń 2005. ISBN 83-89886-38-3, 978-83-89886-38-5
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 Winter Piotr: Ulica Augusta Cieszkowskiego w Bydgoszczy. Zespół architektoniczny z przełomu XIX i XX wieku, Wojewódzki Ośrodek Kultury w Bydgoszczy, Bydgoszcz 1996
- ↑ "Uwagi do projektu budowy ulicy Nowomazowieckiej". Stowarzyszenie na rzecz rozwoju transportu publicznego w Bydgoszczy. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
- ↑ Bręczewska-Kulesza, Daria: Przegląd stylów występujących w bydgoskiej architekturze drugiej połowy XIX i początku XX stulecia
- ↑ Bręczewska-Kulesza, Daria: Przegląd stylów występujących w bydgoskiej architekturze drugiej połowy XIX i początku XX stulecia
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Załącznik do uchwały Nr XXXIV/601/13 Sejmiku Województwa Kujawsko-Pomorskiego z dnia 20 maja 2013 r.
- ↑ Adressbuch nebst allgemeinem Geschäfts-Anzeiger von Bromberg und dessen Vororten auf das Jahr 1905 : auf Grund amtlicher und privater Unterlagen
- ↑ Adressbuch nebst allgemeinem Geschäfts-Anzeiger von Bromberg mit Vorvorten für 1907 : auf Grund amtlicher und privater Unterlagen
- ↑ Adressbuch nebst allgemeinem Geschäfts-Anzeiger von Bromberg mit Vorvorten für 1907 : auf Grund amtlicher und privater Unterlagen, p122
- ↑ Adressbuch nebst allgemeinem Geschäfts-Anzeiger von Bromberg und dessen Vororten auf das Jahr 1905 : auf Grund amtlicher und privater Unterlagen, p74
- ↑ Adressbuch nebst allgemeinem Geschäfts-Anzeiger von Bromberg und dessen Vororten auf das Jahr 1897 : auf Grund amtlicher und privater Unterlagen, p107
- 1 2 Adressbuch nebst allgemeinem Geschäfts-Anzeiger von Bromberg und dessen Vororten auf das Jahr 1903 : auf Grund amtlicher und privater Unterlagen, p63
- ↑ Adressbuch nebst allgemeinem Geschäfts-Anzeiger von Bromberg mit Vorvorten für 1907 : auf Grund amtlicher und privater Unterlagen, p286
- ↑ Adressbuch nebst allgemeinem Geschäfts-Anzeiger von Bromberg und dessen Vororten auf das Jahr 1900 : auf Grund amtlicher und privater Unterlagen, p163
- 1 2 3 Parucka Krystyna. Zabytki Bydgoszczy – minikatalog. "Tifen" Krystyna Parucka. Bydgoszcz 2008. ISBN 978-83-927191-0-6
- ↑ Adressbuch nebst allgemeinem Geschäfts-Anzeiger von Bromberg und dessen Vororten auf das Jahr 1901 : auf Grund amtlicher und privater Unterlagen, p23
- ↑ "Adres: Śniadeckich 12. Mieszkała tu baronowa spod Słucka, syn petersburskiego bankiera, komendant fortecy w Grodnie". pomorska.pl. Gazeta Pomorska. 29 April 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
- ↑ Odpis z Księgi Wieczystej nr 3922/Bydgoszcz, tom 32, wykaz 1212.
- ↑ "Caritas Diecezji Bydgoskiej". bydgoszcz.caritas.pl. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
External links
Coordinates: 53°07′52″N 18°00′23″E / 53.1310°N 18.0065°E / 53.1310; 18.0065
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