Augustín Malár

Augustín Malár

Augustín Malár (18 July 1894 Reitern, Austria – ?1945, Sachsenhausen) was a Slovak general during World War II.

Military service

During the interwar period, Malár was one of the few successful higher officers of Slovak nationality in the Czechoslovak Army. After the German occupation of Bohemia and Moravia and the establishment of the First Slovak Republic in March 1939, he became one of the highest and most experienced officers in the newly created Slovak Army. After the Slovak puppet state declared war on the USSR, the so-called Fast moving division - Slovak Motorized Division was deployed on the Eastern Front. Malár became commander of the unit at the turn of 1941 and 1942. During this time he earned promotion to general and received the German Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.

Later he served as military attaché to Italy and Germany, and in 1944 he was appointed as a commander of the East Slovak Army, the two best Slovak divisions which were intended to defend Slovakia against Soviet offensives. The planners of the 1944 insurrection against Nazi rule, the Slovak National Council, assumed that Malár, as a Slavophile and experienced field commander, would contribute his East Slovak units in the uprising and link up with the Soviets to allow the Red Army to pass through Slovak territory without a fight.

However, after the poorly timed start of the uprising on August 29, 1944, contrary to expectations, Malár did not join the rebels. In a radio speech the next day, he opposed the uprising and exhorted soldiers to return to their barracks as "our time has not come yet." As a military strategist, he wanted the uprising to end successfully.

Because of his statements about fighting against the Germans in the future, German security authorities arrested him when he returned to Prešov in Eastern Slovakia. He was deported to Germany, where he died after interrogation in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp.

Awards

Iron Cross (1939) 2nd and 1st Class
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (23 January 1942)

References

Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.

Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross recipients in the military of allies of Nazi Germany

Ion Antonescu Ugo de Carolis Ugo Cavallero Corneliu Dragalina Ioan Dumitrache Petre Dumitrescu (Oak Leaves) Emilio Esteban Infantes Carlo Fecia di Cossato Italo Gariboldi Gianfranco Gazzana-Priaroggia Ermil Gheorghiu Fedele di Giorgio Enzo Grossi Erik Heinrichs József Heszlényi Miklós Horthy Ioan Hristea Mihály von Ibrányi Gusztáv Jány Emanoil Ionescu Mineichi Koga (Oak Leaves) Radu Korne Géza Lakatos Mihail Lascăr (Oak Leaves) Dezső László Horia Macellariu Augustín Malár Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim (Oak Leaves) Gheorghe Manoliu Giulio Martinat Giovanni Messe Béla Miklós Leonard Mociulschi Agustín Muñoz Grandes (Oak Leaves) Ioan Pălăghiţă Ioan Mihail Racoviţă Edgar Rădulescu Gheorghe Răscănescu Zoltán Szügyi Nicolae Tătăranu Corneliu Teodorini (Oak Leaves) Jozef Turanec Isoroku Yamamoto (Oak Leaves & Swords)

in alphabetical order

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