Atsugewi
| Total population | |
|---|---|
|
(200 (1977), 1,350 combined with Achomawi (2000)[1]) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 California | |
| Languages | |
| Atsugewi, English | |
| Religion | |
| traditional tribal religion | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| other members of the Pit River Tribe, including Achomawi |
The Atsugewi are Native Americans residing in northeastern California, United States. Their traditional lands are near Mount Shasta, specifically the Pit River drainage on Burney, Hat, and Dixie Valley or Horse Creeks. They are closely related to the Achomawi and consisted of two groups (the Atsugé and the Apwaruge). The Atsugé ("pine-tree people") traditionally are from the Hat Creek area, and the Apwaruge ("juniper-tree people") are from the Dixie Valley. They lived to the south of the Achomawi.[2]
Culture
The Atsugewi traditionally lived by hunting and gathering and lived in small groups without centralized political authority.
Language
The Atsugewi language is a Palaihnihan language. As of 1994, an estimated three people spoke Atsugewi.[1] The majority of the tribe speaks English.
Tribes
Today many Atsugewi are enrolled in the Pit River Tribe, while some Atsugewi people are members of the Susanville Indian Rancheria.[3]
Population
Estimates for the pre-contact populations of most native groups in California have varied substantially. Alfred L. Kroeber estimated the combined 1770 population of the Achumawi and Atsugewi as 3,000.[4] A more detailed analysis by Fred B. Kniffen arrived at the same figure.[5] T. R. Garth (1978:237) estimated the Atsugewi population at a maximum of 850.[6]
Kroeber estimated the combined population of the Achumawi and Astugewi in 1910 as 1,100. The population was given as about 500 in 1936.[4]
See also
Notes
- 1 2 "Atsugewi." Ethnologue. Retrieved 20 Dec 2011.
- ↑ Waldman, Carl. Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes, Third Edition. (New York: Checkmark Books, 2006) p. 2
- ↑ California Indians and Their Reservations: S. San Diego State University Library and Information Access. 2009 (retrieved 27 June 2010)
- 1 2 Kroeber, Alfred L (1925). Handbook of the Indians of California. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin. No. 78. Washington, D.C. p. 883.
- ↑ Kniffen (1928)
- ↑ Garth, T. R. Atsugewi. In Handbook of North American Indians, William C. Sturtevant, general editor, vol. 8, California, edited by Robert F. Heizer, pp. 236-243. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 1978. p. 237
References
- Golla, Victor. California Indian Languages. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2011. ISBN 978-0-520-26667-4.
- Kniffen, Fred B. Achomawi Geography. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 23:297-332, 1928.
External links
- Atsugewi, College of the Siskiyous
- Atsugewi, Four Directions Institute
- Atsugewi Bibliography, from California Indian Library Collections Project
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