Andean textiles

Kañari Quechua musicians wearing woven mantles, Ecuador

Andean textiles represent a continuing textile tradition spanning at least ten thousand years. Fiberwork has been found in Guitarrero Cave, Peru dates back to 8000 BCE.^[1] Beginning with non-loom, twined cotton fabric, this textile tradition expanded to include alpaca and llama wool. Today Andean weavers are known worldwide for their skills and rich traditions.

Origins

The Norte Chico civilization were the earliest known users of textiles in the Andes. They wove them of wool and cotton.^[2] They were also the first to use the Quipu. The Quipu is a series of knotted strings that were used for accounting, using base 10, and also possibly as a binary logographic system of writing.^[3]

Quilted armour

Chancay weaving implement
1000-1400 CE, Lombards Museum

Quilted armour of the Andeans was much lighter, more comfortable, and almost as protective as European steel plate armour.

Loom

Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala, Inca weaving

The Andeans used the back strap loom.

The Andeans had very advanced technology in textile technology, about as advanced as Eurasians were in metal technology.

Gallery

Mantle ("the Paracas Textile"), 100-300 C.E., 38.121, Brooklyn Museum
Chavin painted textile (detail), 600-400 BC Lombards Museum
Paracas mantle, 200 BCE–200 CE. LACMA collections
Paracas mantle 200 CE Larco Museum, Lima-Perú
Nazca-Paracas mantle, cotton and camelid fiber, 1-100 CE, Brooklyn Museum
proto-Nazca, Manto with border of dancers, 100 BC-200 AD Lombards Museum
late Moche 600-900 A.D. Lombards Museum
Huari mantle, Gilcrease Museum
Wari tunic, tie-dyed piecework, 750-950 CE, Textile Museum
Chancay doll with feathered tunic, 1100-1400 AD, Lombards Museum
Chimu slit tapestry, 1000–1476 CE, pelicans and tuna fish design in camelid fiber
"Tupa Inca tunic", c. 1550, Dumbarton Oaks
Incan quipu, Larco Museum
Colonial Peruvian wall hanging, 17th-18th century
Contemporary Kañari weaver with a backstrap loom, Peru
Quechua people wearing contemporary weavings, Sucré, Bolivia

References

↑ Stone-Miller, 17
↑ Gamwell, Lynn (2015). Mathematics and Art: A Cultural History. Princeton University Press. p. 423. ISBN 978-0-691-16528-8.
↑ Gamwell, Lynn (2015). Mathematics and Art: A Cultural History. Princeton University Press. p. 460. ISBN 978-0-691-16528-8.

Sources

Phipps, Elena; et al. (2004). The colonial Andes: tapestries and silverwork, 1530-1830. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 1588391310.
Phipps, Elena. (2014.) The Peruvian Four-Selvaged Cloth: Ancient Threads/New Directions. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
Stone-Miller, Rebecca. Art of the Andes: from Chavín to Inca. London: Thames and Hudson, 2002. ISBN 978-0-500-20363-7.

External links

The Center for Traditional Textiles of Cusco

Textile arts

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Regional and ethnic	African Andean Australian Aboriginal Hmong Indigenous peoples of the Americas Korean Māori Mapuche Maya Mexican Navajo Oaxacan

Related	Blocking Fiber art Mathematics and fiber arts Manufacturing Preservation Recycling Textile industry Textile Museums Units of measurement Wearable fiber art

Reference	Dyeing terms Sewing terms Textile terms

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