Amphinase

Amphinase
Crystallographic structure of amphinase.^[1]
Identifiers
Organism	Rana pipiens
Symbol	n/a
PDB	2P7S
UniProt	P85073
Other data
EC number	3.1.27

Amphinase is a ribonuclease enzyme found in the oocytes of the Northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens). Amphinase is a member of the pancreatic ribonuclease protein superfamily and degrades long RNA substrates.^[2] Along with ranpirnase, another leopard frog ribonuclease, amphinase has been studied as a potential cancer therapy due to its unusual mechanism of cytotoxicity tested against tumor cells.^[3]

References

↑ Singh, U. P.; Ardelt, W.; Saxena, S. K.; Holloway, D. E.; Vidunas, E.; Lee, H. S.; Saxena, A.; Shogen, K.; Acharya, K. R. (2007). "Enzymatic and Structural Characterisation of Amphinase, a Novel Cytotoxic Ribonuclease from Rana pipiens Oocytes". Journal of Molecular Biology 371: 93–111. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2007.04.071. PMID 17560606.
↑ Singh, U. P.; Ardelt, W.; Saxena, S. K.; Holloway, D. E.; Vidunas, E.; Lee, H. S.; Saxena, A.; Shogen, K.; Acharya, K. R. (2007). "Enzymatic and Structural Characterisation of Amphinase, a Novel Cytotoxic Ribonuclease from Rana pipiens Oocytes". Journal of Molecular Biology 371: 93–111. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2007.04.071. PMID 17560606.
↑ Ardelt, W; Shogen, K; Darzynkiewicz, Z (2008). "Onconase and amphinase, the antitumor ribonucleases from Rana pipiens oocytes". Current pharmaceutical biotechnology 9 (3): 215–25. doi:10.2174/138920108784567245. PMC 2586917. PMID 18673287.

Hydrolase: esterases (EC 3.1)

3.1.1: Carboxylic
ester hydrolases

Lipase

Phospholipase
- A1
- A2
- B

3.1.2: Thioesterase

3.1.3: Phosphatase

3.1.4: Phosphodiesterase

3.1.6: Sulfatase

Nuclease (includes
deoxyribonuclease and
ribonuclease)

3.1.11-16: Exonuclease

Exodeoxyribonuclease	RecBCD

Exoribonuclease	Oligonucleotidase

3.1.21-31: Endonuclease

Endodeoxyribonuclease	Deoxyribonuclease I Deoxyribonuclease II Deoxyribonuclease IV Restriction enzyme UvrABC endonuclease

Endoribonuclease	RNase III RNase H 1 2A 2B 2C RNase P RNase A 1 2 3 4/5 RNase T1 RNA-induced silencing complex

either deoxy- or ribo-	Aspergillus nuclease S1 Micrococcal nuclease

Proteins: enzymes

Activity	Active site Binding site Catalytic triad Oxyanion hole Enzyme promiscuity Catalytically perfect enzyme Coenzyme Cofactor Enzyme catalysis Enzyme kinetics Lineweaver–Burk plot Michaelis–Menten kinetics

Regulation	Allosteric regulation Cooperativity Enzyme inhibitor

Classification	EC number Enzyme superfamily Enzyme family List of enzymes

Types	EC1 Oxidoreductases(list) EC2 Transferases(list) EC3 Hydrolases(list) EC4 Lyases(list) EC5 Isomerases(list) EC6 Ligases(list)

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