Amendeuix-Oneix

Amendeuix-Oneix

Coat of arms
Amendeuix-Oneix

Coordinates: 43°21′17″N 1°02′34″W / 43.3547°N 1.0428°W / 43.3547; -1.0428Coordinates: 43°21′17″N 1°02′34″W / 43.3547°N 1.0428°W / 43.3547; -1.0428
Country France
Region Aquitaine-Limousin-Poitou-Charentes
Department Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Arrondissement Bayonne
Canton Saint-Palais
Intercommunality Amikuze
Government
 • Mayor (2014–2020) Arnaud Mandagaran
Area1 7.66 km2 (2.96 sq mi)
Population (2009)2 407
 • Density 53/km2 (140/sq mi)
INSEE/Postal code 64018 / 64120
Elevation 32–168 m (105–551 ft)
(avg. 60 m or 200 ft)

1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km² (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

2 Population without double counting: residents of multiple communes (e.g., students and military personnel) only counted once.

Amendeuix-Oneix (Basque: Amendüze-Unaso) is a French commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Aquitaine region of southwestern France.

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Amendüztar.[1][2]

Geography

Houses in Amedeuix-Oneix

Amendeuix-Oneix is located some 50 km east by south-east of Bayonne and 40 km south-west of Orthez in the Mixe country in the former Basque province of Lower Navarre. The village can be accessed by the D124 road from Garris in the west passing north-east to the village then continuing north to join the D29. The D11 road also passes through the south of the commune from Garris to Saint-Palais. The small D511 road links the D11 to the D124 within the commune.[3]

Hydrography

Located in the Drainage divide of the Adour, the northern part of the eastern border of the commune is the Bidouze which flows north to join the Adour west of Peyrehorade. The southern part of the eastern border consists of the Joyeuse with many tributaries rising in the commune including the Algueruko erreka, the Sallarteko erreka, and the Soubiaga erreka. The Aitzeguerris rises just south of the village and flows into the Bidouze.

Localities and hamlets[4]

  • Amendeuix
  • Arkausia
  • Arlania
  • Arrosteguia
  • Autrichia
  • Berhabia
  • Bidainia
  • Bordaberria
  • Candelenia
  • Errecartia
  • Etcheberria
  • Etchetto
  • Eyheraetcheberry
  • Gaponteguia
  • Goitia
  • Guillenteguia
  • Hiriberry
  • Inchaursague
  • Iribarnia
  • Jauberria
  • Jauhenia
  • Landaçaharia
  • Larregoyen
  • Lauhiteya
  • Mantunia
  • Oneix
  • Oyhamburia
  • Peco-Berthoua
  • Postateya
  • Sabrenia
  • Salla
  • Vivienborda

Neighbouring communes and villages

 Beguios Labets-Biscay Arbouet-Sussaute
Luxe-Sumberraute Aïcirits-Camou-Suhast
   Amendeuix-Oneix  
Garris Beyrie-sur-Joyeuse Saint-Palais

Toponymy

The current Basque name is Amendüze-Unaso.[5] Jean-Baptiste Orpustan[6] suggested that Oneix means the 'place of abundant hills'. Brigitte Jobbé-Duval[1] however suggested that Oneix came from the Basque Unanu which means the Asphodelus (plant) and signifies a "place where the asphodelus is abundant. She also suggested that the origin of Amendeuix was Aquitane-Roman to designate a noble domain.

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Name Spelling Date Source Page Origin Description
Amendeuix Sanctus Joannes de Mindus 1160 Orpustan Village
Amindux 1316 Orpustan
Aminduch 1350 Orpustan
Aminduz 1413 Orpustan
Mendux 1413 Orpustan
Sent-Johan de Mendux 1472 Raymond
5
 Notaries
Armendux 1513 Raymond
5
 Pamplona
Amenduxs 1600 Raymond
5
 Pau
Amendux 1621 Raymond
5
 Biscay
Oneix Sanctus Petrus de Onas 1160 Orpustan Village
Onnaçu 1249 Orpustan
Oneyx 1316 Orpustan
Honeis 1350 Orpustan
Onasso 1394 Orpustan
Onex 1472 Raymond
125
 Notaries
Onecx 1513 Raymond
125
 Pamplona
Oniz 1621 Raymond
125
 Biscay
Onazo 1863 Raymond
125
 Basque
Hiriberry Hiriberry 1863 Raymond
78
 Hamlet
Jauréguy Jauréguy 1863 Raymond
85
 Fief, Vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre
Lanevieille La noble salle de Lanevielhe d'Amenduxs 1600 Raymond
91
 Pau Fief, Vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre
Lanavieja 1621 Raymond
92
 Biscay
Lanevieille 1863 Raymond
91
Salla La Salle 1863 Raymond
154
 Fief, Vassal of the Kingdom of Navarre

Sources:

Origins:

History

In the 16th century (1594), evidence of witchcraft was reported by an admonition to the States of Navarre by the Prosecutor of Mixe (together with those of Arberoue, Ostabaret, Irissarry, Ossès, Baigorri, and La Bastide-Clairence), who complained of a lack of prosecution and requesting that each town or district of Lower Navarre elect "two men of good character who are not suspects to find and punish the perpetrators of these crimes of witchcraft, apostasy, and magic: to be joined with the people of Roy and all at the expense of those convicted or, in case of insolvency, to those countries and places which will be instructed". Part of this admonition followed a request from the inhabitants of Amendeuix dating from 1587 who claimed to have been victims of "spells that were manifested mainly by evil barking".[13]

The village of Oneix joined with Amendeuix to form the commune of Amendeuix-Oneix on 27 August 1846.

Heraldry

 Blazon:

Quarterly, 1 and 4 of Or with an Oak vert debruised by a boar of sable at the foot of the tree; at 2 and 3 party per fesse wavy of argent and azure.

Administration

The Town Hall

List of Successive Mayors[14]

From To Name Party Position
1837 1846 Jean Longy
1846 1848 Jean-Paul Larregoyen
1848 1871 Jean Longy
1871 1873 Franck d'Andurain
1873 1884 Gabriel Longy
1884 1885 Rémy Etcheto
1885 1909 Gabriel Longy
1909 1912 M Sabalette
1912 1938 Jean-Pierre Longy
1938 1945 Auguste de Castelbajac
1959 1974 Léon Longy
1995 2001 Arnaud Mandagaran
2001 2014 Armel Pierre Drouilhet

(Not all data is known)

Inter-Communality

The commune belongs to seven inter-communal structures:

Demography

In 1350 nine fires were reported in Oneix and 15-18 in Amendeuix.[15]

The fiscal census of 1412-1413,[16] made[17] on the orders of Charles III of Navarre, compared with that of 1551 men and weapons that are in this kingdom of Navarre this side of the ports,[18] reveals a demography with strong growth. The first census indicated the presence of 13 fires in Amendeuix with the second showing 40 (33 + 7 secondary fires). The same census reported 8 fires in Oneix in 1412-1413 against 17 (14 + 3 secondary fires) in 1551.

The census of the population of Lower Navarre in 1695[19] counted 63 fires at Amendeuix and 20 at Oneix.

In 2009 the commune had 407 inhabitants. The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses conducted in the commune since 1793. From the 21st century, a census of communes with fewer than 10,000 inhabitants is held every five years, unlike larger towns that have a sample survey every year.[Note 1]

Population Change (See database)
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
341 406 416 409 446 460 290 424 412
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
389 372 376 391 353 363 385 335 336
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
342 361 360 352 321 336 295 297 294
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2009 -
286 289 329 327 381 367 - 407 -

Sources : Ldh/EHESS/Cassini until 1962, INSEE database from 1968 (population without double counting and municipal population from 2006)

From 1793 to 1841 the population includes Oneix although it was still a separate commune at that time.

Economy

The commune is part of the Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) zone of Ossau-iraty.

Culture and Heritage

Languages

According to the Map of the Seven Basque Provinces published in 1863 by Prince Louis-Lucien Bonaparte the dialect of Basque spoken in Amendeuix-Oneix is eastern low Navarrese.

Religious heritage

The Church of Saint John the Baptist at Amendeuix
The Church of Saint Peter at Oneix

Two churches in the commune are registered as historical monuments:

Amenities

Education

The commune has a kindergarten.

Amendeuix, Gabat, Ilharre, and Labets-Biscay have partnered to create an inter-educational grouping (RPI[22]).

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ At the beginning of the 21st century, the methods of identification have been modified by law No. 2002-276 of 27 February 2002 , the so-called "law of local democracy" and in particular Title V "census operations" which allow, after a transitional period running from 2004 to 2008, the annual publication of the legal population of the different French administrative districts. For communes with a population greater than 10,000 inhabitants, a sample survey is conducted annually, the entire territory of these communes is taken into account at the end of the period of five years. The first "legal population" after 1999 under this new law came into force on 1 January 2009 and was based on the census of 2006.

References

  1. 1 2 Brigitte Jobbé-Duval, Dictionary of place-names - Pyrénées-Atlantiques, 2009, Archives and Culture, ISBN 978-2-35077-151-9 (French)
  2. ↑ Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque Language
  3. ↑ Google Maps
  4. ↑ Géoportail, IGN (French)
  5. ↑ Euskaltzaindia - Academy of the Basque language (French)
  6. 1 2 Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, New Basque Toponymy, Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 2006, 246 pages, ISBN 2 86781 396 4 (French)
  7. ↑ Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (French)
  8. ↑ Cassini Map 1750 – Amendeuix-Oneix
  9. ↑ Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French)
  10. ↑ Titles published by don José Yanguas y Miranda (Spanish)
  11. ↑ Titles of the Chamber of the Counts of Pau in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French)
  12. ↑ Derecho de naturaleza que la merindad de San-Juan-del-pie-del-puerto, una de las seys de Navarra, tiene en Castilla, 1622 (Spanish)
  13. ↑ Philippe Veyrin, The Basques, Arthaud, 1975, ISBN 2 7003 0038 6, p. 248. (French)
  14. ↑ List of Mayors of France
  15. ↑ Jean-Baptiste Orpustan, Collective work, Amikuze-Mixe Country, Éditions Izpegi, 1992, ISBN 2 909262 05 7, p. 77 (French)
  16. ↑ Census cited by Manex Goyhenetche in General History of Basque Country - Vol. 3, Elkarlanean, 2001, ISBN 2 9131 5634 7, p. 26. (French). The same work by Manex Goyhenetche indicated on page 284 that there was an average of 5.5 people per fire.
  17. ↑ Transcribed and published by Ricardo Cierbide, Censos de población de la Baja Navarra, Max Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen, 1993
  18. ↑ Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, E 575, transcribed by Louis Baratchart in The Friends of Old Navarre, January 1995, pages 44-54 (French)
  19. ↑ Bibliothèque nationale, 6956, Moreau Register 979, cited by Manex Goyhenetche in Gewneral History of Basque Country - Vol. 3, Elkarlanean, 2001, ISBN 2 9131 5634 7, page 299 (French)
  20. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000681 Church of Saint Peter (French)
  21. ↑ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA64000680 Church of Saint John the Baptist (French)
  22. ↑ RPI website (French)

External links

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