Ali Mohammed Baqir al-Nimr

Ali Mohammed Baqir al-Nimr[1]
علي محمد باقر النمر
Born 1994/1995 (age 20–21)[2]
Nationality Saudi
Known for 2011–12 Saudi Arabian protests, death penalty[2]

Ali Mohammed Baqir al-Nimr[1] (Arabic: علي محمد باقر النمر‎) is a Saudi Arabian who as a teenager participated in the Saudi Arabian protests during the Arab Spring.[2][3] He was arrested in February 2012, sentenced to death in May 2014, and as of 23 September 2015, awaited ratification of his sentence by King Salman of Saudi Arabia, to be carried out by beheading and crucifixion (in that order[4]).[2][3] Al-Nimr's trial was called unfair by United Nations expert Christof Heyns[5] and Amnesty International,[3] who called for the execution to be stopped, as did French President François Hollande and Prime Minister Manuel Valls.[6][7] Ali al-Nimr is a nephew of Sheikh Nimr Baqr al-Nimr, who was one of 47 executed during the 2016 Saudi Arabia mass execution.[8]

Arab Spring activities

Al-Nimr participated in the 2011–12 Saudi Arabian protests during the Arab Spring.[2] According to a court judgment, he "encouraged pro-democracy protests [using] a BlackBerry".[2][8]

Legal case

al-Nimr's execution requires King Salman's ratification

A juvenile at the time, Al-Nimr was arrested on 14 February 2012.[3] According to al-Nimr's father, the arrest was carried out by secret police hitting him with their car on a moonless night, resulting in multiple fractures and other injuries. Ali al-Nimr was hospitalised for several days.[9] He was detained at a General Directorate of Investigations (GDI) prison in Dammam.[3] He stated that he was tortured during his detention.[2][3]

On 27 May 2014 al-Nimr was sentenced to death on charges of participation in anti-government demonstrations, having a weapon and using violence.[3] His appeals to the Saudi Arabian Specialized Criminal Court and Supreme Court were rejected.[3]

As of 23 September 2015, al-Nimr was awaiting ratification by King Salman of Saudi Arabia after which his sentence of crucifixion and beheading would be carried out.[2][3] Dawoud al-Marhoon, who had also been arrested as a 17-year old in 2012 during Eastern Province protests, was also sentenced to death by beheading, in early October 2015. He was tortured during his detention and was convicted on the basis of a forced confession.[10]

Legal conditions

Legal conditions of al-Nimr's case included refusal by authorities of regular access to his lawyer, refusal to allow him pen and paper, refusal to allow his lawyer to cross-examine witnesses, and the failure of authorities to inform al-Nimr's lawyer about the dates of several court hearings.[3] Al-Nimr's appeal was heard in secret.[2] Amnesty International said that the trial was unfair, describing it as "deeply flawed".[3]

Support campaign

In September 2015, supporters in the United Kingdom, including Leader of the Opposition Jeremy Corbyn, put pressure on the UK government to ask Saudi authorities to stop the execution.[2][11] Christof Heyns, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, and Benyam Mezmur, the chair of the United Nations (UN) Committee on the Rights of the Child, together with other UN human rights experts, also called on the Saudi government to stop the execution and called for al-Nimr to be given a fair trial.[5] On 23 and 24 September, French President François Hollande and Prime Minister Manuel Valls requested Saudi authorities to cancel the execution sentence.[6][7] On 27 September, the international network Anonymous claimed to have disabled several Saudi Arabian governmental websites for a few hours in protest against the death sentence, stating that Anonymous "will not stand by and watch ... We cannot and will not allow this to happen."[12] As of 2 October 2015, a petition launched by Avaaz calling for the sentence to be cancelled had gathered a million signatures in less than 24 hours.[13]

Personal life

Ali al-Nimr is a nephew of Sheikh Nimr al-Nimr,[8] an independent Shia Sheikh, popular among youth and critical of the Saudi Arabian government,[14][15] who was arrested on 8 July 2012,[16] sentenced to death by the Specialized Criminal Court on 15 October 2014 for anti-government activities,[17] and executed on or shortly before 2 January 2016. Ali al-Nimr's family believes that this relationship is the reason for his arrest and sentencing.[8]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "Saudi Arabia: Death penalty for juvenile activist: Ali Mohammed Baqir al-Nimr". Amnesty International. 2014-06-03. Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2015-09-23.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Hartley, Eve (2015-09-22). "Ali Mohammed Al-Nimr Sentenced To Crucifixion In Saudi Arabia For Attending Pro-Democracy Protest". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2015-09-23.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "Saudi Arabia: Stop execution of Ali al-Nimr". Amnesty International. 2015. Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2015-09-23.
  4. ↑ "When Beheading Won’t Do the Job, the Saudis Resort to Crucifixion". The Atlantic. 2015-09-24. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2015-09-24.
  5. 1 2 Withnall, Adam (2015-09-24). "Ali Mohammed al-Nimr crucifixion: UN issues urgent call for Saudi Arabia to stay execution of juvenile offender". The Independent. Archived from the original on 2015-09-27. Retrieved 2015-09-27.
  6. 1 2 "Arabie saoudite : Hollande défend Ali al-Nimr" (in French). Le Figaro/AFP. 2015-09-24. Archived from the original on 2015-09-27. Retrieved 2015-09-27.
  7. 1 2 "Après Hollande, Valls demande à l'Arabie saoudite de renoncer à exécuter Ali al-Nimr" (in French). BFM TV. 2015-09-24. Archived from the original on 2015-09-27. Retrieved 2015-09-27.
  8. 1 2 3 4 Crowcroft, Orlando (2015-09-27). "Who is Ali Mohammed al-Nimr and why is Saudi Arabia planning to behead and crucify him?". International Business Times. Archived from the original on 2015-09-23. Retrieved 2015-09-24.
  9. ↑ Ez, Eléonore Abou; Chémali, Alain (2015-09-26). "Exclusif: le père d'Ali al-Nimr a vu son fils et garde l'espoir de le sauver" (in French). Géopolis France Télévisions. Archived from the original on 2015-09-27. Retrieved 2015-09-27.
  10. ↑ "Second Saudi juvenile to face ‘beheading’ for protests". Reprieve. 2015-10-06. Archived from the original on 2015-10-08. Retrieved 2015-10-08.
  11. ↑ "Cameron urged to intervene over planned execution of Saudi protester". The Guardian. 2015-09-26. Archived from the original on 2015-09-27. Retrieved 2015-09-27.
  12. ↑ Withnall, Adam (2015-09-27). "Ali Mohammed al-Nimr: Anonymous hacker group targets Saudi Arabia government over planned execution of juvenile offender". The Independent. Archived from the original on 2015-09-27. Retrieved 2015-09-27.
  13. ↑ Ez, Eléonore Abou (2015-10-02). "Plus d'un million de signatures pour sauver le jeune Saoudien Ali al-Nimr" (in French). Géopolis France Télévisions. Archived from the original on 2015-10-05. Retrieved 2015-10-05.
  14. ↑ Gfoeller, Michael (2008-08-23). "Meeting with controversial Shi'a sheikh Nimr". WikiLeaks. WikiLeaks cable: 08RIYADH1283. Archived from the original on 2012-01-23. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
  15. ↑ Matthiesen, Toby (2012-01-23). "Saudi Arabia: the Middle East's most under-reported conflict". London: The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2012-01-23. Retrieved 2012-01-23.
  16. ↑ Al Sharif, Asma; Angus McDowall; Sami Aboudi; Christopher Wilson (2012-07-08). "Saudi police arrest prominent Shi'ite Muslim cleric". Thomson Reuters. Archived from the original on 2012-07-10. Retrieved 2012-07-10.
  17. ↑ "Saudi Shia cleric Nimr al-Nimr 'sentenced to death'". BBC News. 2014-10-15. Archived from the original on 2014-10-15. Retrieved 2014-10-15.
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