Alexander Erskine of Gogar

Alexander Erskine of Gogar, (d. 1592), Scottish laird and keeper of James VI of Scotland at Stirling Castle.

Career

Alexander was a son of John Erskine, 5th Lord Erskine and Lady Margaret Campbell, a daughter of Archibald Campbell, 2nd Earl of Argyll. As the younger son, he was called the "Master of Mar." He was also laird of the lands of Gogar, a village near Edinburgh. After the death of his brother, John Erskine, Earl of Mar, Alexander was given the task of safeguarding the young king of Scotland at Stirling in 1572.[1]

With a role of such importance and the representative of the House of Mar while the Earl was still a minor, Alexander was offered a pension from England of £150 a year, for which he was recommended by Regent Morton in 1574 as "well friended, constant, of good credit and power." In 1575, Francis Walsingham heard that Morton secretly planned to take the King out of Alexander's keeping. This was not in Morton's power, as the appointment had been made by the Parliament of Scotland. Walsingham resolved to make Alexander an ally of England, in case Morton lost his position. The crisis of 1575 blew over.[2]

After James Douglas, Earl of Morton resigned the Regency of Scotland, on 28 March 1578, Alexander was also appointed Keeper of Edinburgh Castle.[3]

Coup at Stirling Castle

Alexander Erskine negotiated terms with the Commendators in the Great Hall of Stirling Castle while King James VI was terrified.

Alexander Erskine of Gogar was ousted from his duty at Stirling by his kinsman and ally of the former Regent Morton, Adam Erskine Commendator of Cambuskenneth, in April 1578. The events were described by the English diplomat in Scotland, Robert Bowes. Adam Erskine had persuaded Alexander's nephew, the young Earl of Mar that he should be the guardian of James VI. Adam Erskine and his brother David Erskine, Commendator of Dryburgh, and the Earl of Mar, who were all lodged in Stirling Castle came to the gate early on Sunday morning, 27 April 1578, pretending to go out to join a hunt. The two Commendators met Alexander, who held the castle keys, and began to argue with him over the guardianship of the King.

Alexander seized a halberd and called his servants. There was a brief struggle, and then Alexander and the Commendators went into the Great Hall to discuss the matter. Colin Campbell, 6th Earl of Argyll was also present in the castle with his followers, and was prepared to fight, but eventually they decided to yield to the young Earl of Mar. During the struggle at the Castle, Gogar's eldest son was fatally injured and servant called Buchanan was hurt. The young king was said to have torn his hair in distress during the incident, fearing that Alexander was killed.

Alexander and Argyll then left Stirling, both parties and the King's tutor George Buchanan having written letters to the Privy Council in Edinburgh to declare that all were reconciled and that nothing had changed that would affect the government of Scotland.[4]

Despite these letters, the effect of the change of hands at the Castle was to help the former Regent Morton regain some of his power, because previously he had lost access to the King's authority. Elizabeth I of England, who was a supporter of Morton's rule, sent a letter of support to the Earl of Mar.[5] Morton would later deny any involvement in the events at Stirling Castle.[6]

Analysis by David Hume of Godscroft

A 17th century historian of the Douglas family David Hume of Godscroft noted the lack of evidence for Morton's involvement, and suggested that Erskine of Gogar was "a man of a good easie nature, and no ill disposition, ... nothing factious or malicious" but had been an instrument of others, firstly in giving access to the King to Morton's opponents at Stirling, and then "almost after the same manner" being turned out of the Castle himself. Hume of Godscroft suggested, with no evidence but hearsay, that the Comptroller of the Exchequer William Murray of Tullibardine, the Earl of Mar's uncle, might have been behind the removal of Gogar from Stirling Castle and employed by Morton.[7]

Family

Alexander married Margaret Home in 1564, a daughter of George Home, 4th Lord Home and Mariotta Haliburton, their heir was Thomas Erskine, 1st Earl of Kellie.

References

  1. ↑ HMC 60, Mar & Kellie, (1904), p.30
  2. ↑ Calendar State Papers Scotland, vol.5 (1907), pp.1-2, 115, 119
  3. ↑ HMC 60, Mar & Kellie supplement, (1930), p.32
  4. ↑ Calendar State Papers Scotland, vol.5 (1907), p.287-8
  5. ↑ CSP Scotland, vol.5 (1907), p.294
  6. ↑ Hewitt, George, Scotland under Morton, John Donald (2003), p.57
  7. ↑ Reid, David, ed., David Hume of Godscroft's History of the House of Angus, vol.1, STS (2005), p.244
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