13 April 1999 Albania–Yugoslav border incident

13 April 1999 Albania–Yugoslav border incident Part of the Kosovo War Albanian Type 59 tanks at the border Date 13 April 1999[1] Location Krumë, Kukës and surrounding villages Result Status quo ante bellum Yugoslav forces retreat to Yugoslavia Albanian army retakes control Albania breaks diplomatic relations with Yugoslavia[2] Belligerents Yugoslav Army (VJ) Ad hoc Albanian farmers Albanian Army Commanders and leaders Unknown Kudusi Lama[3] Strength 50 soldiers[1] of 63rd Paratroop Battalion[4] Unknown Casualties and losses None None 3 houses destroyed

Kosovo War Wartime incidents Prekaz April 23, 1998 Lapušnik Belaćevac Mine Ljubenić Lođa July 18, 1998 Orahovac Junik Lake Radonjić Glodjane Gornje Obrinje December 3, 1998 December 14, 1998 Panda Bar Podujevo Račak Allied Force F-117A shoot-down Novi Sad Bela Crkva Velika Kruša Suva Reka Izbica Drenica April 13th, 1999 Vučitrn massacre Košare Grdelica Gjakova RTS Headquarters Vardarska street Lužane Niš Chinese embassy Koriša Ćuška Related postwar incidents Incident at Pristina airport Prizren Incident (1999)

An incident took place on the Albania–Yugoslav border in April 1999 when the FR Yugoslav Army shelled several Albanian border towns around Krumë, Tropojë. In these villages, refugees were being housed after fleeing the war in Kosovo by crossing into Albania.^[5] On 13 April 1999, Yugoslav infantry entered Albanian territory to close off an area that was used by the KLA to stage attacks against Yugoslav targets.^[1][6]

Background

In early 1998, as tensions increased in Kosovo, it became increasingly difficult for the Albanian Army to monitor the country's 140-kilometre (87 mi) border with the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and cope with the steady influx of Kosovo Albanian refugees into the country.^[7] Yugoslav army units controlled the border in a few areas, but generally relied on the remote mountainous terrain to do their work for them. Many Yugoslav border units suffered from lack of manpower, the wars in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia having seriously damaged their resources. The morale of soldiers was low, with food often poor, and spare parts for army and police equipment and supplies were difficult to obtain.^[8]

In particular, Albanian authorities were concerned with attempts by Serbia to implicate Albania as a supporter of terrorism.^[7] The Albanian Army had an estimated 4,000–6,000 soldiers, and Yugoslavia was said to have "little regard" for the country's military.^[9]

The Kosovo War was a conflict between the government of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) and the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA). The war caused thousands of Kosovo Albanians to join the KLA ranks. More than 500,000 ethnic Albanian refugees fled their homes to escape Yugoslav Army reprisals. Meanwhile, the KLA began to recruit in the refugee camps. There had been fighting along the border between the KLA and Yugoslav forces where KLA troops had infiltrated into Kosovo. The subsequent incursion by the FRY could have been in response to KLA actions in the area, according to Albanian police.^[6]

Ruins near Morinë in the White Drin valley, at the border between Albania and Kosovo.

Relations between the FRY and Albania had been strained as 300,000 ethnic Albanians had fled into Albania itself. The Yugoslavs had been angered over Albania's support of NATO airstrikes and its sheltering of KLA militants. The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) had reported previous Yugoslav Army incursions into Albanian territory. The border was lightly defended by the Albanian Army which was ordered not to fire back after a Yugoslav Army attack. A KLA commander reported that rebel forces had crossed over into Kosovo near Tropojë, a KLA stronghold, in the days before the attack, this incursion was confirmed by an OSCE monitor.^[6]

Incident

On 13 April 1999, Yugoslav infantry entered Albanian territory to close off an area that was used by the KLA to stage attacks against Yugoslav targets.^[6][10][1] FR Yugoslav forces maneuvered into the village of Kamenica, searching for KLA insurgents and torched several houses in the process.^[1] They advanced 8 miles into Albanian territory before being halted by local militiamen and around thirty KLA insurgents. After two hours of fighting, the Albanian Army was deployed and started shelling the Yugoslav positions with howitzers, Type 59 tanks and MLRs. Within 10 minutes, the Yugoslav paratroopers retreated and crossed the border into Yugoslavia. The Albanian Army then continued shelling the Yugoslav units while they were retreating back across the border.

From their positions on the Yugoslavian side of the border, soldiers of the Yugoslav Army fired at least 10 shells on the town of Krumë just before midnight, where refugees from Kosovo had taken shelter.^[5] Albanian Foreign Ministry spokesman Sokol Gjoka stated that the incident did not result in casualties on either side, and that three houses had been destroyed in the fighting.^[11]

Reactions

OSCE monitors reported that Yugoslav paratroopers had crossed the border.^[1]

•  FR Yugoslavia The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Yugoslavia denied that Yugoslavian troops had entered Albania.^[12]
•  Albania Ministry of foreign affairs declared that "The infantry troops of the Serb forces have penetrated up to two kilometers (1.2 miles) inside Albania after two hours of bomb shelling on our side"^[12] On 18 April, Albania and Yugoslavia broke off all diplomatic relations.^[2]
•  Turkey Prime minister Bülent Ecevit stated that he would allow that "If necessary, Turkey would defend along with Albania sovereignty and independence of the befriended and brother people of Albania" ^[4]

References

• Pettifer, James; Vickers, Miranda (2007). The Albanian Question: Reshaping the Balkans. New York: I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-86064-974-5. 

Notes