Alaşehir Congress

Participants of the Alaşehir Congress: from left to right, Demirci Mehmet Efe, Refet Bele, Çerkes Ethem.

The Alaşehir Congress (Turkish: Alaşehir Kongresi) was a local assembly of the Turkish National Movement held in the town of Alaşehir from 16 to 25 September 1919.

It was preceded by the Balıkesir Congress and was a continuation of the reactionary movement following the Greek occupation of Smyrna. It was headed by the same leader, Hacim Muhittin Bey, and the organization was undertaken by the regional bureaucrats and intelligentsia, who managed a greater participation in comparison to the Balıkesir Congress.[1]

Its decisions included a continuation of the national struggle until the Greek army was driven out of Anatolia,[2] and to reform Kuva-yi Milliye troops as regular, paid units. It established a central headquarters in Alaşehir, regional headquarters in Denizli and Nazilli, and local bureaus in Soma, Ayvalık and Akhisar. It also protested to the Ottoman sultan, grand vizier and Allied representatives, while deciding to take the necessary measures to keep up with the needs of the national forces.[1] Among other decisions were the rejection of the activities of armed gangs, rewards to the families of those who died in action and preparation of reports about Greek atrocities in occupied territories.[3]

The congress expressed continued obedience to the sultan, but was nevertheless supported by Mustafa Kemal.[4] Stanford Jaw Shaw wrote that the Alaşehir Congress were independent of Mustafa Kemal's efforts, but still formed the first real resistance army.[5] Fatma Müge Göçek also wrote that the rumors that the eastern cities of Anatolia were being given to the Armenians were an important topic in the congress.[6]

References

  1. 1 2 Büyük Larousse, vol. 1, p. 326, Milliyet Gazetesi Yayınları, "Alaşehir Kongresi"
  2. ↑ Tunaya, Tank Zafer. Türkiyeʼde siyasî partiler, 1859-1952, p. 497.
  3. ↑ "Alaşehir Kongresi". Kaymakam's Office of Alaşehir. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  4. ↑ "Alaşehir Kongresi". Kaymakam's Office of Alaşehir. Archived from the original on 2 May 2014.
  5. ↑ Shaw, Stanford Jay. (2000) From Empire to Republic: The Turkish War of National Liberation, 1918-1923 : a Documentary Study, Volume 3, Part 1, Turkish Historical Society, 655-6.
  6. ↑ Göçek, Fatma Müge (2014). Denial of Violence: Ottoman Past, Turkish Present, and Collective Violence Against the Armenians, 1789-2009. Oxford University Press. p. 318. ISBN 9780199334209. Retrieved 27 February 2015.

Further reading

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