2 Corinthians 3

2 Corinthians 3

A folio of Papyrus 46 (written ca. AD 200), containing 2 Corinthians 11:33-12:9. This manuscript contains almost complete parts of the whole Pauline epistles.
Book Second Epistle to the Corinthians
Bible part New Testament
Order in the Bible part 8
Category Pauline epistles

2 Corinthians 3 is the third chapter of the Second Epistle to the Corinthians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul of Tarsus and Timothy.[1][2]

Text

Structure

This chapter can be grouped (with cross references to other parts of the Bible):

Verse 3

New King James Version

Clearly you are an epistle of Christ, ministered by us, written not with ink but by the Spirit of the living God, not on tablets of stone but on tablets of flesh, that is, of the heart.[3]

King James Version

Forasmuch as ye are manifestly declared to be the epistle of Christ ministered by us, written not with ink, but with the Spirit of the living God; not in tables of stone, but in fleshy tables of the heart.[4]

But lest it should be thought that the apostle attributed too much to himself, by saying that the Corinthians were our epistle; here he says, they were "manifestly declared"[5]

so that the apostles and ministers of the word were only amanuenses, Christ was the author and dictator; yea, he himself is the very matter, sum, substance, and subject of the epistle; he is formed in the hearts of his people in conversion, his image is stamped, his grace is implanted, his word, his Gospel dwells richly, his laws and ordinances are written here; he also is the exemplar, believers are but copies of him, in grace and duty, in sufferings, in the likeness of his death and resurrection: and they are "manifestly declared" to be so, by the impresses of Christ's grace upon them; by the fairness of the copy; by the style and language of the epistle; by their likeness to Christ; by their having not the form only, but the power of godliness; and by their lives and conversations: now in writing these epistles, the ministers of the Gospel are only instruments, "ministered by us". They are made use of to show the sinner the black characters which are written upon him, and that what is written in him, and to be read by him, by the light of nature is not sufficient for salvation; they are employed as instruments in drawing the rough draught of grace in conversion, and in writing the copy over again, fairer and fairer; being the happy means blessed by God, for the building up of souls in faith and holiness, in spiritual knowledge and comfort.[5] These epistles are

of nature's power, or of rhetorical eloquence and moral persuasion;[5]

every grace that is implanted in the soul is wrought there by the Spirit of God; or he it is that draws every line, and writes every word and letter; he begins, he carries on and finishes the work of grace on the soul; and that as "the Spirit of the living God": hence saints become the living epistles of Christ; and every letter and stroke of his making, is a living disposition of the soul in likeness to him; and such are written among the living in Jerusalem, and shall live and abide for ever as the epistles of Christ:[5] again, the subjects of these epistles, or that on which they are written, are

such as the law was written upon, on Mount Sinai: of these tables there were the first and second; the first were the work of God himself, the latter were hewed by Moses, at the command of God, (Exodus 32:16; Exodus 34:1) the former being broken when he came down from the mount, which by the Jewish writers are said to be miraculously made, and not by the means and artifice of men;[6] yea, that they were made before the creation of the world,[7] and which, they commonly say, were made of sapphire;[8] these, as the latter, were two stones, which, Jarchi says,[9] were of an equal size; and were, as Abarbinel says,[10] in the form of small tables, such as children are taught to write upon, and therefore are so called: some pretend to give the dimensions of them, and say,[11] that they were six hands long, and as many broad, and three thick; nay, even the weight of them, which is said[12] to be the weight of forty "seahs", and look upon it as a miracle that Moses should be able to carry them; on these stones were written the ten commands; and the common opinion of the Jewish writers is, that five were written on one table, and five on the other; this is the opinion of Josephus,[13] Philo,[14] and the Talmudic writers;[15] and the tables are said to be written on both sides, (Exodus 32:15) . Some think that the engraving of the letters perforated and went through the tables, so that, in a miraculous manner, the letters were legible on both sides; others think, only the right and left hand of the tables are meant, on which the laws were written, five on a side, and which folded up like the tables or pages of a book; though others are of opinion, that they were written upon, both behind and before, and that the law was written twice, both upon the fore part and back part of the tables, yea, others say four times; and some think the phrase only intends the literal and mystical, the external and internal sense of the law: however, certain it is, as the apostle here suggests, that the law was written on tables of stone, which may denote the firmness and stability of the law; not as in the hands of Moses, from whence the tables fell and were broken, but as in the hands of Christ, by whom they are fulfilled; or else the hardness of man's heart, his stupidity, ignorance of, and not subject to the law of God:[5]

alluding to (Ezekiel 36:26) and designs not carnal hearts, but such as are made soft and tender by the Spirit of God. The table of the heart is a phrase to be met with in the books of the Old Testament; see (Proverbs 3:3; Proverbs 7:3) (Jeremiah 17:1) and very frequently in the writings of the Jews.[5][16]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Halley, Henry H. Halley's Bible Handbook: an abbreviated Bible commentary. 23rd edition. Zondervan Publishing House. 1962.
  2. ↑ Holman Illustrated Bible Handbook. Holman Bible Publishers, Nashville, Tennessee. 2012.
  3. ↑ 2 Corinthians 3:3
  4. ↑ 2 Corinthians 3:3
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible, 2 Corinthians 3:3
  6. ↑ R. Levi ben Gersom in Pentateuch, fol. 113. 2.
  7. ↑ Zohar in Exod. fol. 35. 1.
  8. ↑ See Gill on 2 Corinthians 3:7
  9. ↑ Perush in Exod. xxxi. 18.
  10. ↑ In Pentateuch, fol. 209. 2. & 211. 3.
  11. ↑ T. Hieres Shekalim, fol. 49. 4. Shemot Rabba, c. 47. fol. 143. 2. Bartenora in Misn. Pirke Abot, c. 5. sect. 6.
  12. ↑ Targum Jon. in Exod. xxxi. 18. & in Deut. xxxiv. 12.
  13. ↑ Josephus. Antiqu. l. 3. c. 5. sect. 8.
  14. ↑ Philo. De Decalogo, p. 761, 768.
  15. ↑ T. Hieros. Shekalim, fol. 49. 4. Shemot Rabba, sect. 47. fol. 143. 2. Zohar in Exod. fol. 35. 1.
  16. ↑ Vid. Targum Jon. in Dent. vi. 5, & in Cant. iv. 9.

External links

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