1991 in Canada
| Years in Canada: | 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 |
| Centuries: | 19th century · 20th century · 21st century |
| Decades: | 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s |
| Years: | 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 |
Events from the year 1991 in Canada.
Incumbents
Main article: 1991 Canadian incumbents
Crown
- Head of state (monarch) – Queen Elizabeth II (consort – Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh)
Federal government
- Governor general – Ray Hnatyshyn (viceregal consort – Gerda Hnatyshyn)
- Prime minister – Brian Mulroney
Provincial governments
Lieutenant governors
- Lieutenant Governor of Alberta – Helen Hunley (until March 11) then Gordon Towers
- Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia – David Lam
- Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba – George Johnson
- Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick – Gilbert Finn
- Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland – James McGrath (until November 5) then Frederick Russell
- Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia – Lloyd Crouse
- Lieutenant Governor of Ontario – Lincoln Alexander (until December 11) then Hal Jackman
- Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island – Marion Reid
- Lieutenant Governor of Quebec – Martial Asselin
- Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan – Sylvia Fedoruk
Premiers
- Premier of Alberta – Don Getty
- Premier of British Columbia – Bill Vander Zalm (until April 2) then Rita Johnston (April 2 to November 5) then Mike Harcourt
- Premier of Manitoba – Gary Filmon
- Premier of New Brunswick – Frank McKenna
- Premier of Newfoundland – Clyde Wells
- Premier of Nova Scotia – Roger Bacon (until February 26) then Don Cameron
- Premier of Ontario – Bob Rae
- Premier of Prince Edward Island – Joe Ghiz
- Premier of Quebec – Robert Bourassa
- Premier of Saskatchewan – Grant Devine (until November 1) then Roy Romanow
Territorial governments
Commissioners
- Commissioner of Yukon – John Kenneth McKinnon
- Commissioner of Northwest Territories – Daniel L. Norris
Premiers
- Premier of the Northwest Territories – Dennis Patterson (until November 14) then Nellie Cournoyea
- Premier of Yukon – Tony Penikett
Events
January to June
- January 1 - The Goods and Services Tax comes into effect
- January 15 - Canadian Forces begin their participation in the Persian Gulf War
- January 29 - The Allaire Committee releases its report on Canada's constitution: it recommends the transfer of many powers from the federal government to the provinces
- January 30 - Gulf War: A Canadian CF-18 Hornet attacks and causes irreparable damage to an Iraqi warship.
- February 26 - Donald Cameron becomes premier of Nova Scotia, replacing Roger Bacon
- February 27 - Gulf War: Iraq agrees to a cease-fire ending the conflict
- April 2 - Rita Johnston becomes premier of British Columbia, replacing Bill Vander Zalm. She is the first woman to be the country's head of government of British Columbia.
- April 22 - Joe Clark is appointed Minister of Constitutional Affairs
- May - George Erasmus, leader of the Assembly of First Nations, resigns and is succeeded by Ovide Mercredi
- May 14 - MP John Nunziata alleges the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) know who bombed the Air-India flight 182 but did not have evidence needed for prosecution.
- June 15 - Paul Bernardo kidnaps, rapes, and murders Leslie Mahaffy
- June 19 - The Dobbie-Castonguay Commission is created to look into changes to the constitution.
July to December
- July 3 - The process leading to the privatization of Petro-Canada is begun
- July 27 - Greg Welch (AUS) and Sue Schlatter (CAN) win the 1991 ITU Triathlon World Cup race (1.5 km swim, 40 km bike, 10 km run) in Vancouver
- August 4 - Brad Beven (AUS) and Karen Smyers (USA) win the 1991 ITU Triathlon World Cup race (1.5 km swim, 40 km bike, 10 km run) in Toronto
- September 24 - Dobbie-Castonguay Commission recommends an elected Senate and recognizing Quebec as a distinct society.
- October 21 - The Saskatchewan election: Roy Romanow's NDP win a majority, defeating Grant Devine's PCs
- November 1 - Roy Romanow becomes premier of Saskatchewan, replacing Grant Devine
- November 5 - Michael Harcourt becomes premier of British Columbia, replacing Rita Johnston
- November 14 - Nellie Cournoyea becomes government leader of the Northwest Territories, replacing Dennis Patterson, the first woman to do so, first female premier of a Canadian territory and the second female premier in Canadian history after Rita Johnston of British Columbia.
- November 24 - At the 79th Grey Cup the Toronto Argonauts defeat the Calgary Stampeders at Winnipeg Stadium in Winnipeg.
Full date unknown
- Jean-Bertrand Aristide, the President of Haiti, visits Canada and is warmly welcomed by the large Haitian community in Montreal, where he had studied at the Université de Montréal.
- Julius Alexander Isaac is named Chief Justice of the Federal Court of Canada. He becomes the first Black Chief Justice in Canada
- David Schindler of the University of Alberta wins the first international Stockholm Water Prize for environmental research.
- Ferguson Jenkins becomes the first Canadian elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame
- Canadian peacekeepers begin a five-year deployment to El Salvador
- Canadian observers are sent to Western Sahara
- News media: eye weekly created in Toronto
Arts and literature
New works
- Rohinton Mistry: Such a Long Journey
- Douglas Coupland: Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture
- Margaret Atwood: Wilderness Tips
- Dave Duncan: Faery Lands Forlorn
- Hume Cronyn: A Terrible Liar
- Spider Robinson: Starseed
Awards
- See 1991 Governor General's Awards for a complete list of winners and finalists for those awards.
- Books in Canada First Novel Award: Nino Ricci, Lives of the Saints
- Gerald Lampert Award: Diana Brebner, Radiant Life Forms
- Geoffrey Bilson Award: Marianne Brandis, The Sign of the Scales
- Marian Engel Award: Joan Clark
- Pat Lowther Award: Karen Connelly, The Small Words in My Body
- Stephen Leacock Award: Howard White, Waiting in the Rain
- Trillium Book Award: Margaret Atwood, Wilderness Tips
- Vicky Metcalf Award: Brian Doyle
Film
- Atom Egoyan's The Adjuster is released
- James Cameron's Terminator 2: Judgment Day is released. It is the year's highest grossing film
Music
- Trevor Pinnock becomes director of the National Arts Centre Orchestra
Births
- January 16 - Matt Duchene, hockey player
- February 12 - Ryan Kavanagh, ice hockey defenceman
- April 22 - Aqsa Parvez, murder victim (died 2007)
- May 8 - Ethan Gage, soccer player
- May 10 - Jordan Francis, singer, dancer, actor and choreographer
- May 11 - Johnathon Robert Madden, murder victim (died 2003)
- May 29 - Jesse Camacho, actor
- May 31 - Pierre-Luc Dusseault, politician
- June 19 - Hilary Bell, swimmer
- November 13 - Devon Bostick, actor
- December 17 - Léo Bureau-Blouin, politician
Deaths
January to June
- January 1 - Larry Condon, politician (born 1936)
- January 23 - Northrop Frye, literary critic and literary theorist (born 1912)
- February 7 - Jean-Paul Mousseau, artist (born 1927)
- February 11 - Pete Parker, radio announcer (born 1895)
- February 20 - Eugene Forsey, politician and constitutional expert (born 1904)
- April 26 - Richard Hatfield, politician and 26th Premier of New Brunswick (born 1931)
- May 9 - Loran Ellis Baker, politician (born 1905)
- June 11 - David Croll, politician (born 1900)
- June 16 - Leslie Mahaffy, murder victim (born 1976)
July to December
- July 8 - Gordon Stewart Anderson, writer (born 1958)
- July 10 - Grace MacInnis, politician and feminist (born 1905)
- August 6 - Roland Michener, lawyer, politician diplomat and Governor-General of Canada (born 1900)
- August 22 - Colleen Dewhurst, actress (born 1924)
- August 31 - Cliff Lumsdon, world champion marathon swimmer (born 1931)
- September 12 - Albert Bruce Matthews, commander of the 2nd Canadian Infantry Division during the Second World War (born 1909)
- September 25 - Stanley Waters, Senator (born 1920)
- October 2 - Hazen Argue, politician (born 1921)
- November 13 - Paul-Émile Léger, Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church (born 1904)
- December 17 - Armand Frappier, physician and microbiologist (born 1904)
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