1983–84 Biathlon World Cup

The 1983–84 Biathlon World Cup (BWC) was a multi-race tournament over a season of biathlon, organised by the UIPMB (Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne et Biathlon). The season started on 6 January 1984 in Falun, Sweden, and ended on 11 March 1984 in Lygna, Norway. It was the seventh season of the Biathlon World Cup.

Men's calendar

Below is the World Cup calendar for the 1983–84 season.[1][2][3]

Location Date Individual Sprint Relay
Sweden Falun 6–8 January ● ● ●
Switzerland Pontresina 12–15 January ● ● ●
West Germany Ruhpolding 19–22 January ● ● ●
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Sarajevo 11–17 February ● ● ●
East Germany Oberhof 1–4 March ● ● ●
Norway Holmenkollen 7–10 March ● ● ●
Total 6 6 6

*The relays were technically unofficial races as they did not count towards anything in the World Cup.

World Cups

World Cup 1 in Sweden Falun
Date Event Podium Top 10
6 January 20 km individual[1][2][3][4][5] 1.  Odd Lirhus (NOR) 1:01:52.8 (0+0+0+0) 4.  Juri Kashkarov (URS); 5.  Dmitry Vasilyev (URS); 6.  Jan Matouš (TCH); 7.  Andrei Zenkov (URS);[α] 8.  Arto Jääskeläinen (FIN); 9.  Algimantas Šalna (URS); 10.  Øivind Nerhagen (NOR);[α]
2.  Yvon Mougel (FRA) +2:23.2 (0+1+1+1)
3.  Tapio Piipponen (FIN) +2:30.4 (0+0+0+1)
7 January 10 km sprint[1][2][3][6][7] 1.  Sergei Bulygin (URS)[α] 29:42.2 (0) 4.  Eirik Kvalfoss (NOR); 5.  Andrei Nepein (URS); 6.  Jaromír Šimůnek (TCH); 7.  Terje Krokstad (NOR); 8.  André Sehmisch (GDR); 9.  Juri Kashkarov (URS); 10.  Tapio Piipponen (FIN);
2.  Algimantas Šalna (URS) +0:17.4 (2)
3.  Risto Punkka (FIN) +0:24.2 (0)
8 January 4 × 7.5 km relay[1][2][6][8] 1.  Soviet Union I 1:39:25.4[β]
Dmitry Vasilyev
Juri Kashkarov
Algimantas Šalna
Sergei Bulygin
 4.  Czechoslovakia 1:41:25.3 (Šimůnek, Hák, Zelinka, Matouš);
5.  Finland I 1:41:53.2 (Tiitola, Jääskeläinen, Punkka, Piipponen);
6.  Norway I 1:42:17.4 (Storsveen, Nerhagen, Kvalfoss, Søbak);
10.  Norway II
2.  Soviet Union II 1:39:54.4
Andrei Nepein
Even Tudeberg
Andrei Zenkov
Pjotr Miloradov
3.  East Germany 1:40:52.7
Jürgen Wirth
André Sehmisch
Karsten Langhelm
Maik Dietz


World Cup 2 in Switzerland Pontresina
Date Event Podium Top 10
12 January 20 km individual[1][2][3][9] 1.  Fritz Fischer (FRG) 1:02:05.0 (0) 4.  Eirik Kvalfoss (NOR); 5.  Yvon Mougel (FRA); 6.  Ralf Göthel (GDR) 7.  Øivind Nerhagen (NOR); 8.  Éric Claudon (FRA); 9.  Andreas Zingerle (ITA); 10.  Peter Angerer (FRG);
2.  Frank-Peter Roetsch (GDR) +1:08.7 (3)
3.  Holger Wick (GDR) +1:39.7 (2)
14 January 10 km sprint[1][2][3][10] 1.  Eirik Kvalfoss (NOR) 29:29.4 (0+1) 4.  Walter Pichler (FRG); 5.  Øivind Nerhagen (NOR); 6.  Peter Angerer (FRG); 7.  Yvon Mougel (FRA); 8.  Frank Ullrich (GDR); 9.  Fritz Fischer (FRG); 10.  Francis Mougel (FRA);
2.  Frank-Peter Roetsch (GDR) +0:34.9 (2+1)
3.  Ralf Göthel (GDR) +0:44.2 (0+1)
15 January 4 × 7.5 km relay[1][2][10] 1.  Norway 1:39:09.1 (2)
Eirik Kvalfoss
Øivind Nerhagen
Odd Lirhus
Svein Engen
 4.  East Germany 1:41:33.3 (7);
5.  West Germany II 1:45:07.3 (4);
6.  France 1:45:40.5 (4);
7.  Bulgaria 1:47:09 (6);
8.  Italy 1:47:47 (6);
2.  Soviet Union 1:39:29.3 (2)
Pavel Antipov
Sergei Antonov
Oleg Savjalov
Konstantin Waigin
3.  West Germany I 1:40:26.0 (5)
Stefan Höck
Walter Pichler
Peter Angerer
Fritz Fischer


World Cup 3 in West Germany Ruhpolding
Date Event Podium Top 10
19 January 20 km individual[1][2][3][11] 1.  Peter Angerer (FRG) 1:04:56.2 (1+2+0+0) 4.  Éric Claudon (FRA); 5.  Fritz Fischer (FRG); 6.  Keijo Tiitola (FIN); 7.  Terje Krokstad (NOR); 8.  Alfred Eder (AUT); 9.  Matthias Jacob (GDR); 10.  Jan Matouš (TCH);
2.  Tapio Piipponen (FIN) +0:38.3 (0+0+0+1)
3.  Rolf Storsveen (NOR) +0:45.9 (0+0+0+0)
21 January 10 km sprint[1][2][3][12] 1.  Peter Angerer (FRG) 30:19.5 (0+1) 4.  Frank Ullrich (GDR); 5.  Alfred Eder (AUT); 6.  Odd Lirhus (NOR); 7.  Jan Matouš (TCH); 8.  Holger Wick (GDR); 9.  Vítězslav Jureček (TCH); 10.  Walter Pichler (FRG);
2.  Terje Krokstad (NOR) +0:02.1 (0+1)
3.  Frank-Peter Roetsch (GDR) +0:04.0 (2+0)
22 January 4 × 7.5 km relay[1][2][12] 1.  East Germany 1:46:22.0 (0)
Holger Wick
Frank-Peter Roetsch
Matthias Jacob
Frank Ullrich
 4.  Czechoslovakia 1:49:41.1;
5.  Austria II 1:50:32.3;
6.  Norway II 1:50:35.4 (1) (Fenne, Rognstad, Løvstuen, Engen);
7.  Finland 1:50:46.8;
8.  West Germany II;
2.  West Germany I 1:47:32.5 (1)
Stefan Höck
Walter Pichler
Peter Angerer
Fritz Fischer
3.  Norway I 1:49:04.5 (3)
Rolf Storsveen
Odd Lirhus
Terje Krokstad
Kjell Søbak


World Cup 4 in East Germany Oberhof
Date Event Podium Top 10
1 March 20 km individual[1][2][3][13][14] 1.  Juri Kashkarov (URS) 1:05:26.5 (1+0+0+0) 4.  Fritz Fischer (FRG); 5.  Ralf Göthel (GDR); 6.  Holger Wick (GDR); 7.  Eirik Kvalfoss (NOR); 8.  Terje Krokstad (NOR); 9.  Algimantas Šalna (URS); 10.  Matthias Jacob (GDR);
2.  Frank-Peter Roetsch (GDR) +0:18.5 (0+0+1+0)
3.  Dmitry Vasilyev (URS) +0:59.3 (0+1+0+1)
3 March 10 km sprint[1][2][3][15][16] 1.  Frank-Peter Roetsch (GDR) 30:50.6 (1+0) 4.  Eirik Kvalfoss (NOR); 5.  Sergei Bulygin (URS); 6.  Fritz Fischer (FRG); 7.  Juri Kashkarov (URS); 8.  Dmitry Vasilyev (URS); 9.  Terje Krokstad (NOR); 10.  Steffen Hauswald (GDR);
2.  Algimantas Šalna (URS) +0:19.5 (0+2)
3.  Peter Angerer (FRG) +0:50.3 (2+0)
4 March 4 × 7.5 km relay[1][2][15] 1.  Soviet Union 1:39:10.4 (0)
Dmitry Vasilyev
Juri Kashkarov
Algimantas Šalna
Sergei Bulygin
 4.  West Germany 1:41:59.1;
5.  Finland 1:43:34.9;
6.  Austria 1:44:07.5;
7.  Norway/ West Germany 1:44:17.2;
8.  East Germany II 1:44:29.0;
2.  East Germany 1:41:17.9 (2)
Holger Wick
Frank-Peter Roetsch
Matthias Jacob
Ralf Göthel
3.  Norway 1:41:27.8 (2)
Odd Lirhus
Terje Krokstad
Øivind Nerhagen
Eirik Kvalfoss


World Cup 5 in Norway Holmenkollen
Date Event Podium Top 10
7 March 20 km individual[1][2][3][17][18] 1.  Peter Angerer (FRG) 1:05:16.2 (2) 4.  Ralf Göthel (GDR); 5.  Gisle Fenne (NOR);[γ] 6.  Risto Punkka (FIN); 7.  Eirik Kvalfoss (NOR); 8.  Frank-Peter Roetsch (GDR); 9.  Yves Marechal (FRA); 10.  Siegfried Dockner (AUT);
2.  Fritz Fischer (FRG) +0:34.2 (2)
3.  Alfred Eder (AUT) +1:35.1 (2)
8 March 10 km sprint[1][2][3][19][20] 1.  Eirik Kvalfoss (NOR) 32:00.0 (1) 4.  Fritz Fischer (FRG); 5.  Ralf Göthel (GDR); 6.  André Sehmisch (GDR); 7.  Odd Lirhus (NOR); 8.  Jürgen Wirth (GDR); 9.  Svein Engen (NOR); 10.  Johnny Rognstad (NOR);
2.  Peter Angerer (FRG) +0:18.1 (1)
3.  Frank-Peter Roetsch (GDR) +0:18.3 (1)
10 March 4 × 7.5 km relay[1][2][21] 1.  Norway I 1:50:08.6 (3)
Johnny Rognstad
Eirik Kvalfoss
Rolf Storsveen
Kjell Søbak
 4.  France 1:55:18.1 (3) (F. Mougel, Claudon, Y. Mougel, Poirot);
5.  Norway II 1:58:34.4 (5) (Lirhus, Krokstad, Fenne, Engen);
6.  Sweden 1:56:09.5 (4) (Westling, Adolfsson, Fahlén, Höglund);
7.  Sweden/ Italy 1:58:37 (1);
8.  Italy 1:58:58 (3);
9.  Norway III 1:59:09 (3);
10.  United States 2:00:00 (3);
2.  East Germany 1:52:07.2 (2)
André Sehmisch
Frank-Peter Roetsch
Matthias Jacob
Ralf Göthel
3.  West Germany 1:53:58.7 (4)
Walter Pichler
Fritz Fischer
Herbert Fritzenwenger
Peter Angerer

Results

Overall World Cup[1][2][19]
Rank Name Points
1 East Germany Frank-Peter Roetsch 139
2 West Germany Peter Angerer 138
3 Norway Eirik Kvalfoss 134
4 West Germany Fritz Fischer 130
5 East Germany Ralf Göthel 122
6 Norway Odd Lirhus 110
7 Norway Terje Krokstad 107
7 Finland Tapio Piipponen 95
9 France Yvon Mougel 93
10 Czechoslovakia Jan Matouš 85
10 Norway Rolf Storsveen 85
12 Soviet Union Algimantas Šalna 84
12 Soviet Union Juri Kashkarov 84
12 East Germany Holger Wick 84
12 East Germany Matthias Jacob 84
16 Finland Risto Punkka 83
17 Austria Alfred Eder 76
18 Norway Øivind Nerhagen 67
18 France Francis Mougel 67
20 France Éric Claudon 63
21 Soviet Union Dmitry Vasilyev 62
22 East Germany André Sehmisch 59
23 People's Republic of Bulgaria Vladimir Velichkov 53
24 East Germany Frank Ullrich 49
24 West Germany Walter Pichler 49
26 Italy Adriano Darioli 41
27 Czechoslovakia Vítězslav Jureček 40
28 Austria Siegfried Dockner 39
28 Soviet Union Andrei Nepein 39
30 Norway Kjell Søbak 37
...
39 Norway Johnny Rognstad 24
...
40 Norway Gisle Fenne 23
...
51 Norway Svein Engen 13

New scoring system

The European Cup scoring system was changed before this season.

Points allocation in 1983–84
Place 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Points 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Women's calendar

Below is the European Cup calendar for the 1983–84 season.[1]

Location Date Individual Sprint Relay
Sweden Falun 6–8 January ● ●
West Germany Ruhpolding 19–21 January ● ●
France Chamonix 29 February–4 March ● ● ●
Norway Lygna 10–11 March ● ●
Total 4 4 1

European Cups

European Cup 1 in Sweden Falun
Date Event Podium Top 10
6 January 10 km individual[1][22][δ] 1.  Gry Østvik (NOR) 40:53.8 (0+1+1) 4.  Mette Mestad (NOR); 5.  Aila Flyktman (FIN); 6.  Eva Lundgren (SWE); 7.  Doris Niva (SWE); 8.  Sanna Grønlid (NOR); 9.  Bente Mestad (NOR); 10.  Anne-L. Engstrøm (SWE);
2.  Siv Bråten (NOR) +0:41.3 (1+0+1)
3.  Aino Kallunki (FIN) +1:16.8 (1+1+2)
7 January 5 km sprint[1][22][23] 1.  Aino Kallunki (FIN) 19:33.6 (2) 4.  Eva Lundgren (SWE); 5.  Aila Flyktman (FIN); 6.  Kaisa Mikkola (FIN); 7.  Mette Mestad (NOR); 8.  Maria Schill (SWE); 9.  Doris Niva (SWE); 10.  Anita Nygård (NOR);[α]
2.  Anette Bouvin (SWE) +0:15.9 (2)
3.  Sanna Grønlid (NOR) +1:07.7 (3)


European Cup 2 in West Germany Ruhpolding
Date Event Podium Top 10
19 January 10 km individual[1][24] 1.  Mette Mestad (NOR) 4.  Gry Østvik (NOR); 5.  Aino Kallunki (FIN); 6.  Aila Flyktman (FIN); No further competitors
2.  Siv Bråten (NOR)
3.  Sanna Grønlid (NOR)
21 January 5 km sprint[1] 1.  Gry Østvik (NOR) 4.  Sanna Grønlid (NOR); 5.  Aila Flyktman (FIN); 6.  Aino Kallunki (FIN); No further competitors
2.  Mette Mestad (NOR)
3.  Siv Bråten (NOR)


European Cup 3 in Norway Lygna
Date Event Podium Top 10
10 March 10 km individual[1][2][3][25] 1.  Sanna Grønlid (NOR) 52:00 (2) 4.  Eva Lundgren (SWE); 5.  Anette Bouvin (SWE); 6.  Mette Mestad (NOR); 7.  Bente Mestad (NOR); 8.  Rigmor Hansen (NOR); 9.  Ingeborg Nordmo Krokstad (NOR);[ɛ] 10.  Doris Niva (SWE);
2.  Siv Bråten (NOR) +2:19 (2)
3.  Gry Østvik (NOR) +2:27 (4)
11 March 5 km sprint[1][25] 1.  Anette Bouvin (SWE) 26:34 (2) 4.  Liv Høgli (NOR);[ɛ] 5.  Doris Niva (SWE); 6.  Sanna Grønlid (NOR); 7.  Siv Bråten (NOR); 8.  Gry Østvik (NOR); 9.  Bente Mestad (NOR); 10.  Rigmor Hansen (NOR);
2.  Eva Lundgren (SWE) +0:14 (1)
3.  Mette Mestad (NOR) +1:41 (2)

Women's results

Overall World Cup[1][25]
Rank Name Points
1 Norway Mette Mestad 54
2 Norway Sanna Grønlid 53
3 Norway Gry Østvik 52
4 Norway Siv Bråten 51
5 Finland Aino Kallunki 49
6 Sweden Eva Lundgren 48
7 Sweden Anette Bouvin 43
7 Finland Aila Flyktman 43
9 Sweden Doris Niva 35
10 Norway Bente Mestad 27
11 Sweden Anne-L. Engström 20
12 Finland Kaisa Mikkola 15
12 Norway Rigmor Hansen 15
14 Sweden Maria Schill 12
15 Canada Joan Skinstad 10
16 Sweden Mia Stadig 4
17 Sweden Persson 2
18 People's Republic of Bulgaria Petia Nikolova 1

Achievements

First World/European Cup career victory
First World/European Cup podium
Victory in this World/European Cup (all-time number of victories in parentheses)

Retirements

Following notable biathletes retired after the 1983–84 season:

Notes

1. 1 2 3 4 In the individual races in Falun some non-World Cup racers participated. In the 20 km individual Andrei Zenkov and Øivind Nerhagen, among others, were non-World Cup racers, and so for World Cup purposes Arto Jääskeläinen came 7th, and Rolf Storsveen and Kjell Søbak finished 9th and 10th respectively and received the appropriate World Cup points.[29] In the 10 km sprint, one of the non-World Cup racers was Sergei Bulygin, and so he did not receive any World Cup points, and for World Cup purposes Algimantas Šalna won that race and received the appropriate World Cup points. Also in the in the European Cup races there were some non-European Cup racers participating, among those were Anita Nygård who finished 10th in the 5 km sprint. For European Cup purposes though, Siv Bråten finished 10th and received the appropriate points.
2. 5 The Aftenposten source says that the relay teams received a very unusual amount of penalty loops, with 12, 13, 21, 20, 25 and 25 penalty loops respectively for the first six teams.[6] However, in the same paper, it says that the two Norwegian teams got 14 penalty loops combined,[8] which does not add up with it saying that the "Norway I" team got 25 penalties. So those high numbers probably refers to the number of missed shots.
3. 6 In the individual races here some non-World Cup racers participated. Among those was Gisle Fenne, he was not a World Cup racer and so did not receive any World Cup points, and for World Cup purposes Risto Punkka came fifth and received the appropriate World Cup points.[30]
4. 7 The Sports Book does originally have different order of the finishers in this 10 km race with B. Mestad, Mikkola and Schill coming 8th, 9th and 10th, respectively. However it later contradicts itself by giving the points of those positions to Grønlid, B. Mestad and Anne-L. Engstrøm instead. Because that table shows how each racers score adds up, that has been given precedent.[1]
5. 8 9 In the individual races here some non-European Cup racers participated. Among those was Ingeborg Nordmo Krokstad in the 10 km individual, she was not a European Cup racer and so did not receive any points, and for European Cup purposes Doris Niva came 9th and received the appropriate points, with Anne L. Engstrøm finishing 10th. And in 5 km sprint Liv Høgli was also a non-European Cup racer and thus for European Cup purposes those who finished behind her moves up a spot with Doris Niva finishing 4th and Anne L. Engstrøm finishing 10th.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Holm, Knut E.; Eriksen, Turid. Sportsboken 84-85 [The Sports Book 84-85] (in Norwegian). Hjemmets bokforlag A/S. ISBN 82-590-0091-1. (Norwegian)
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 "Wintersport Charts Weltcup World Cup Biathlon 1984". Wintersport Charts. Retrieved 1 November 2014.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Statistiche Biathlon" [Statistics Biathlon]. Neve Italia (in Italian). Retrieved 22 October 2015. (Italian) (registration required)
  4. ↑ "Resultatbørs – Skiskyting" [Results exchange – Biathlon]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 7 January 1984. Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  5. ↑ "World Cup 1 - Falun (SWE) – Men 20 km Individual". IBU Datacenter. International Biathlon Union. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  6. 1 2 3 "Resultatbørs – Skiskyting" [Results exchange – Biathlon]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 9 January 1984. Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  7. ↑ "World Cup 1 - Falun (SWE) – Men 10 km Sprint". IBU Datacenter. International Biathlon Union. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  8. 1 2 Nils Petter Stenberg (9 January 1984). "Mildest talt svakt..." [Mildly speaking weak...]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  9. ↑ "Skiskyting" [Biathlon]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 13 January 1984. Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  10. 1 2 "Resultatbørs – Skiskyting" [Results exchange – Biathlon]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 16 January 1984. Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  11. ↑ "Resultatbørs – Skiskyting" [Results exchange – Biathlon]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 20 January 1984. Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  12. 1 2 "Resultatbørs – Skiskyting" [Results exchange – Biathlon]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 23 January 1984. Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  13. ↑ "Kort om sport" [Short on sport]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 2 March 1984. Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  14. ↑ "World Cup 4 - Oberhof (GER) – Men 20 km Individual". IBU Datacenter. International Biathlon Union. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  15. 1 2 "Resultatbørs – Skiskyting" [Results exchange – Biathlon]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 5 March 1984. Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  16. ↑ "World Cup 4 - Oberhof (GER) – Men 10 km Sprint". IBU Datacenter. International Biathlon Union. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  17. ↑ "Resultatbørs – Skiskyting" [Results exchange – Biathlon]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 8 March 1984. Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  18. ↑ "World Cup 5 - Oslo Holmenkollen/Oslo Holmenkollen (NOR) – Men 20 km Individual". IBU Datacenter. International Biathlon Union. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  19. 1 2 "Resultatbørs – Skiskyting" [Results exchange – Biathlon]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 9 March 1984. Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  20. ↑ "World Cup 5 - Oslo Holmenkollen/Oslo Holmenkollen (NOR) – Men 10 km Sprint". IBU Datacenter. International Biathlon Union. Retrieved 8 November 2014.
  21. ↑ "Resultatbørs – Skiskyting" [Results exchange – Biathlon]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 12 March 1984. Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  22. 1 2 "Pristagare i Svenska Skidspelen" [Prizewinners in the Swedish Ski Games] (PDF) (in Swedish). Svenska skidspelen. Retrieved 28 April 2015. (Swedish)
  23. ↑ "Resultatbørs – Skiskyting" [Results exchange – Biathlon]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 9 January 1984. Retrieved 28 April 2015. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  24. ↑ Thore-Erik Thoresen (20 January 1984). "Fire av seks!" [Four out of six!]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). Retrieved 28 April 2015. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  25. 1 2 3 "Resultatbørs – Skiskyting" [Results exchange – Biathlon]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 12 March 1984. Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  26. ↑ Ohlson, Tanja (3 May 2010). "Franz Bernreiter Retires After 40 Years in Biathlon". Biathlonworld. International Biathlon Union. Retrieved 1 November 2014.
  27. ↑ "Tar et hvileår" [Takes a gap year]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 10 January 1985. Retrieved 28 April 2015. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  28. ↑ "Stafetten en eneste æresrunde" [The relay a lap of honour]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 12 March 1984. Retrieved 28 April 2015. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  29. ↑ Nils Petter Stenberg (7 January 1984). "Seks år siden sist!" [Six years since the last time!]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
  30. ↑ Thore-Erik Thoresen (8 March 1984). "Dramatikk til siste slutt" [Drama until the end]. Aftenposten (in Norwegian). Retrieved 1 November 2014. (Norwegian) (subscription required)
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