1871 in the United Kingdom

1871 in the United Kingdom:
Other years
1869 \| 1870 \| 1871 (1871) \| 1872 \| 1873
Individual countries of the United Kingdom
England \| Ireland \| Scotland \| Wales
Sport
1871 English cricket season

Events from the year 1871 in the United Kingdom.

Incumbents

Monarch — Victoria
Prime Minister — William Ewart Gladstone (Liberal)

Events

1 January — Disestablishment of the Church of Ireland by the Irish Church Act 1869 comes into effect.^[1]
26 January — Rugby Football Union established in London.^[2]
10 February — Great Gale in the North Sea: 28 ships wrecked and total fatalities are estimated at over fifty, including six crew of Bridlington life-boat Harbinger.
7 March — The first rugby international results in a 4–1 win by Scotland over England.^[1]
13 March — Britain, Russia, France, Austria, Turkey and Italy agree to abrogate the 1856 Treaty of Paris ending Black Sea neutrality
21 March — Marriage of Princess Louise to John Campbell, Marquess of Lorne, whose father, the 8th Duke of Argyll, is the serving Secretary of State for India.
29 March — The Royal Albert Hall is opened by Queen Victoria.^[2]
2 April — Census in the United Kingdom, the first to record economic and mental status.
24 April — Murder of servant girl Jane Clouson in Eltham.
11 May — The first trial in the Tichborne case begins in the Court of Common Pleas (England).
26 May — Parliament passes the Bank Holidays Act creating four annual bank holidays (five in Scotland).^[2]
29 May — First bank holiday held on Whit Monday.^[2]
6 June — Smith v Hughes, a landmark case in English contract law, is decided in the Court of Queen's Bench, allowing an objective approach to interpretation of the parties' conduct when entering into a contract.
18 June — The Universities Tests Act removes restrictions limiting access to Oxford, Cambridge and Durham universities to members of the Church of England.
29 June — Trade unions legalised by act of parliament.^[2]
20 July — C. W. Alcock proposes that 'a Challenge Cup should be established in connection with the Association', giving birth to the FA Cup.^[2]
17 August — Regulation of the Forces Act centralises and regularises control of the British Army as part of the Cardwell Reforms, creating a structure of regional Brigade (Regimental) Districts.^[1]
21 August — Pedlars Act requires pedlars to be licensed.
1 November — Sale of commissions in the British Army abolished as part of the Cardwell Reforms.^[3]
7 November — The London—Australia telegraph cable is brought ashore at Darwin.^[4]
10 November — Welsh-born journalist Henry Morton Stanley locates missing Scottish explorer and missionary, Dr. David Livingstone in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika,^[2] and allegedly greets him saying "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?"
17 November — George Biddell Airy presents his discovery that astronomical aberration is independent of the local medium.
25 November — First performance of The Bells starring Henry Irving at the Lyceum Theatre, London.^[5]

Undated

Reading Football Club formed.
Neath RFC founded.
Streatham-Croydon RFC founded.
The native-bred red kite becomes extinct in England.^[6]

Publications

William Alexander's realist novel Johnny Gibb of Gushetneuk (serialised in Aberdeen Free Press 1869-70).^[7]
William Black's novel A Daughter of Heth.^[8]
Henry Ramsden Bramley and John Stainer's hymnal Christmas Carols, Old and New, 2nd series
Edward Bulwer-Lytton's (anonymous) novel The Coming Race.
Lewis Carroll's children's novel Through the Looking-Glass.^[1]
George Tomkyns Chesney's story The Battle of Dorking.
Charles Darwin's work The Descent of Man.^[1]
George Eliot's novel Middlemarch (begins serialisation).
Anthony Trollope's novel The Eustace Diamonds (serialisation).
Edward Burnett Tylor's anthropological study Primitive Culture.

Births

18 February — Harry Brearley, inventor (died 1948)
19 March — Schofield Haigh, cricketer (died 1921)
28 March — Silyn Roberts, Socialist and pacifist writer (died 1930)
3 July — W. H. Davies, poet (died 1940)
24 September — Lottie Dod, athlete (died 1960)

Deaths

4 May — Pablo Fanque, black circus owner, popularized by The Beatles in song (born 1796)
11 May — John Herschel, astronomer (born 1792)
1 September — James Pennethorne, architect (born 1801)
18 October — Charles Babbage, mathematician and inventor (born 1791)
22 October — Roderick Murchison, geologist (born 1792)
14 December — George Hudson, railway financier (born 1800)
28 December — John Henry Pratt, clergyman and mathematician (born 1809)

Years in the United Kingdom

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland	1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

1871 in Europe

Sovereign states	Andorra Austria-Hungary Baden Belgium Denmark France Germany Greece Italy Liechtenstein Luxembourg Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Ottoman Empire Portugal Prussia Russia San Marino Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United Principalities

Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Malta

References

1 2 3 4 5 Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 293–294. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
↑ Bruce, Anthony P. C. (1980). The Purchase System in the British Army, 1660–1871. London: Royal Historical Society.
↑ "1871 Java - Port Darwin Cable". History of the Atlantic Cable & Undersea Communications. 2014-11-05. Archived from the original on 2015-01-06. Retrieved 2015-01-03.
↑ Rowell, George, ed. (1953). Nineteenth Century Plays. World's Classics. Oxford University Press.
↑ "Red kite – Population trends". RSPB. Retrieved 2011-08-29.
↑ Donaldson, William (2004). "Alexander, William (1826–1894)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/39241. Retrieved 2013-08-19. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
↑ Leavis, Q. D. (1965). Fiction and the Reading Public (2nd ed.). London: Chatto & Windus.

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