1803 in the United Kingdom

1803 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland:
Other years
1801 \| 1802 \| 1803 \| 1804 \| 1805

Events from the year 1803 in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

Incumbents

Monarch - George III
Prime Minister - Henry Addington (Tory)

Events

4 January - William Symington demonstrates his Charlotte Dundas, the "first practical steamboat".
21 February - Colonel Edward Despard, a radical Anglo-Irish former British Army officer and colonial official, and six others are hanged for their part in the previous year's Despard Plot (apparently intended to assassinate King George III and seize key positions such as the Bank of England and Tower of London). This is the last time anyone has been sentenced to be hanged, drawn and quartered in England, although prior to execution the sentence has been commuted to simple hanging and beheading, which is carried out on the gatehouse roof at Horsemonger Lane Gaol in London before a crowd of at least 20,000, one of the largest public gatherings ever up to this date.^[1]^[2]
2 April - The Easton Massacre, British armed forces shoot and kill three citizens of Easton, Dorset during an attempt to press male members of the village into service.
18 May - Napoleonic Wars: The U.K. redeclares war on France after France refuses to withdraw from Dutch territory.^[3]
25 May - Speaker of the British House of Commons Charles Abbot allows journalists to report the proceedings of the House of Commons.^[4]
June - Britain captures Tobago and Saint Lucia from France.^[5]
9 June - Matthew Flinders completes the first known circumnavigation of Australia.^[6]
24 June - Abortion is made a crime by Lord Ellenborough's Act.^[7]
23 July - Emmet's insurrection in Ireland: United Irishman Robert Emmet stages a rising in Dublin which is quelled by the military, with approximately fifty rebels and twenty soldiers dead. The Lord Chief Justice of Ireland, Lord Kilwarden, is hacked to death.^[3]
26 July - The Surrey Iron Railway, a wagonway between Wandsworth and Croydon, is opened, being the first public railway line in England.
27 July - Caledonian Canal authorized by Act of Parliament and construction begins;^[3] Thomas Telford also begins work on improving roads in Scotland.^[5]
3 August - British begin Second Anglo-Maratha War against Sindhia of Gwalior
6 September - John Dalton FRS composes his five main points of atomic theory, the first to do so.
20 September - Irish rebel Robert Emmet is hanged for high treason in Dublin.^[5]
23 September - The Battle of Assaye in India – British-led troops defeat Maratha forces.^[5]
21 October - John Dalton presents a paper to the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society containing the first table of atomic weights.^[8]^[9]

Ongoing

Anglo-Spanish War, 1796–1808

Undated

Smithson Tennant discovers the chemical elements iridium and osmium.
William Hyde Wollaston discovers the chemical element rhodium.
Robert Ransome invents the self-sharpening chilled cast-iron ploughshare in Ipswich.
Frederick Albert Winsor gives a demonstration of gas lighting at the old Lyceum Theatre, London.^[10]
The British Army adopts the anti-personnel shell invented by Henry Shrapnel.^[3]
Pantaloons sanctioned for wear on military campaigns.^[11]
Martello Towers built to protect against the threat of French invasion.^[5]
Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin begins removal of the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon in Athens to protect them from destruction during the Ottoman occupation of Greece.^[3]
Joseph Lancaster publishes Improvements in Education as it Respects the Industrious Classes.
Humphry Repton publishes Observations on the Theory and Practice of Landscape Gardening.
Jane Porter's historical novel Thaddeus of Warsaw is published, immediately going through several editions.^[12]

Births

25 May - Edward George Bulwer-Lytton, novelist and playwright (died 1873)
24 June - George James Webb, English-born composer (died 1887)
3 August - Joseph Paxton, gardener and architect (died 1865)
16 October - Robert Stephenson, engineer (died 1859)
6 December - Susanna Moodie, writer (died 1885)
21 December - Joseph Whitworth, engineer and entrepreneur (died 1887)

Deaths

23 January - Arthur Guinness, Irish brewer (born 1725)
2 April - Sir James Montgomery, 1st Baronet, politician and judge (born 1721)
6 April - William Hamilton, diplomat (born 1730)
19 April - Thomas Jones, landscape painter (born 1742)
3 June - Lord George Murray, Bishop of St David's and developer of the UK's first optical telegraph (born 1761))
26 October - Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford, politician (born 1721)

References

↑ Conner, Clifford D. (2000). Colonel Despard: The Life and Times of an Anglo-Irish Rebel. Combined Publishing.
↑ Jay, Mike (2004). The Unfortunate Colonel Despard. Bantam Press. ISBN 0593051955.
1 2 3 4 5 Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
↑ ""200 years of hacks in the House", BBC News". 22 May 2003. Retrieved 2008-03-27.
1 2 3 4 5 Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 239–240. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
↑ "British History Timeline, BBC History". Retrieved 2008-02-17.
↑ "Lord Ellenborough's Act". Retrieved 2008-02-17.
↑ Dalton, John (1805). "On the Absorption of Gases by Water and Other Liquids". Memoirs of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester, 2nd ser. 1: 271–87. Archived from the original on 11 June 2011. Retrieved 27 April 2011.
↑ "John Dalton, the man and his legacy: the bicentenary of his Atomic Theory". Retrieved 2008-02-17.
↑ "Theatres Compete in Race to Install Gas Illumination - 1817" (PDF). Over The Footlights. Retrieved 2014-05-20.
↑ Downing, Sarah Jane (2010). Fashion in the Time of Jane Austen. Oxford: Shire Publications. ISBN 978-0-7478-0767-4.
↑ Leavis, Q. D. (1965). Fiction and the Reading Public (rev. ed.). London: Chatto & Windus.

Years in the United Kingdom

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland	1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

1803 in Europe

Sovereign states	Andorra Austria Batavian Republic Denmark–Norway Denmark Norway France Holy Roman Empire Hungary Ottoman Empire Papal States Portugal Prussia Russia San Marino Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom

Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Malta

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