1592

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1592 (MDXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (dominical letter ED) of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Saturday (dominical letter BA) of the Julian calendar, the 1592nd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 592nd year of the 2nd millennium, the 92nd year of the 16th century, and the 3rd year of the 1590s decade. Note that the Julian day for 1592 is 10 calendar days difference, which continued to be used from 1582 until the complete conversion of the Gregorian calendar was entirely done in 1929.

Events

January–June

• January 30 – Pope Clement VIII (born Ippolito Aldobrandini) succeeds Pope Innocent IX, who died one month earlier, as the 231st pope.
• February 7 – George Gordon, 1st Marquess of Huntly, sets fire to Donibristle Castle in Scotland and murders James Stewart, 2nd Earl of Moray.
• March 3 – Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland's oldest university, is founded.
• March 14 – Ultimate Pi Day: the largest correspondence between calendar dates and significant digits of pi since the introduction of the Julian calendar.
• April 4 – The future Henry IV of France, King designate of Henry III of France, announces in a declaration, so-called "Expedient," his intention to take instruction in and convert to the Catholic religion.
• April 13 – Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598) open with beginning of the Siege of Busan.
• April 24 – Battle of Sangju: The Japanese are victorious over the Koreans (Joseon).
• April 28 – Battle of Ch'ungju: Japan inflicts a decisive defeat on Korea.
• May 7 – The Battle of Okpo is another naval victory for Korea over Japan.
• May 29 – Battle of Sacheon: Korean admiral Yi Sun-sin destroys all 13 Japanese ships taking part, using his improved turtle ship for the first time in battle.
• June 2 – The Battle of Dangpo is another decisive naval victory for Korea over Japan.

July–December

• July 8 – Battle of Hansan Island: Korean admiral Yi Sun-sin destroys or captures around 60 Japanese ships without loss in a battle in which around 190 ships take part.
• July 20 – The Japanese capture the Korean capital Pyongyang, causing Seonjo to request the assistance of Ming Dynasty Chinese forces, who recapture the city a year later.
• July 30 – Alonso de Sotomayor petitions the viceroy of Peru for more troops to help resist attacks by Indians and English pirates.
• August 9 – English explorer John Davis, commander of the Desire, probably discovers the Falkland Islands.
• August 14 – The Koreans are victorious over the Japanese in the naval Battle of Hansan.
• August 15 (or 19) – The Portuguese galleon Madre de Deus, laden with treasure, is captured by English privateers in the Azores.
• September 1 – Battle of Busan: The Korean fleet makes a surprise attack on the Japanese but fails to break their supply lines to Busan.
• October 5 – The Koreans are victorious over the Japanese in the naval Siege of Jinju.
• November 17 – John III is succeeded by his son Sigismund as King of Sweden.

Date unknown

• The Collegium Melitense is founded by Bishop Garagallo.
• William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, chief adviser of Queen Elizabeth I of England, is taken seriously ill.
• Negotiations begin for the dissolution of the childless marriage of Henry IV of France and Marguerite de Valois.
• The Confucian shrine of Munmyo is destroyed by fire.

Births

• January 5 – Shah Jahan, Mughal Emperor of India (died 1666)
• January 22 – Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher and scientist (died 1655)
• February 20 – Nicholas Ferrar, Slovenian trader (died 1637)
• March 28 – Comenius, Czech teacher and writer (died 1670)
• April 4 – Abraham Elzevir, Dutch printer (died 1652)
• April 22 – Wilhelm Schickard, German inventor (died 1635)
• May – Francis Quarles, English poet (died 1644)
• June 22 – Giovanni Battista Rinuccini, Roman Catholic Archbishop
• July 10 – Pierre d'Hozier, French historian (died 1660)
• August 1 – François le Métel de Boisrobert, French poet (died 1662)
• August 28 – George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, English statesman (died 1628)
• October 22 – Gustaf Horn, Swedish soldier and politician (died 1657)
• November 5 – Charles Chauncy, English-born president of Harvard College (died 1672)
• November 28 – Hung Taiji, Emperor of China (died 1643)
• December 6 – William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle (died 1676)
• Date Unknown
  • Richard Bellingham, colonial magistrate (died 1672)
  • John Hacket, English churchman (died 1670)
  • Ingen, Chinese Zen Buddhist poet, and calligrapher (died 1673)
  • John Jenkins, English mathematician (died 1678)
  • John Oldham, early English settler in Massachusetts (died 1636)
  • Walatta Petros, saint in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church (died 1642)
• Probable – Étienne Brûlé, French explorer in Canada (died 1632)

Deaths

• February 29 – Alessandro Striggio, Italian composer (b. 1540)
• March 5 – Michael Coxcie, Flemish painter (b. 1499)
• April 13 – Bartolomeo Ammanati, Italian architect and sculptor (b. 1511)
• April 27 – Girolamo Muziano, Italian painter (b. 1532)
• May 17 – Paschal Baylon, Spanish mystic and saint (b. 1540)
• July 1 – Marc'Antonio Ingegneri, Italian composer (b. c. 1547)
• July 4 – Francesco Bassano the Younger, Italian painter (b. 1559)
• July 26 – Armand de Gontaut, baron de Biron, French soldier (b. 1524)
• August 25 – William IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) (b. 1532)
• September 3 – Robert Greene, English writer (b. 1558)
• September 13 – Michel de Montaigne, French essayist (b. 1533)
• October 28 – Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, Flemish diplomat
• November 17 – King John III of Sweden (b. 1537)
• November 27 – Nakagawa Hidemasa, Japanese military commander (b. 1568)
• December 3 – Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma (b. 1545)

date unknown

• Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa, Spanish explorer (b. 1532)

References