1256

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Year 1256 (MCCLVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

Europe

• May 4 – Pope Alexander IV issues the papal bull Licet ecclesiae catholicae, constituting the Order of Saint Augustine at Lecceto Monastery.
• The city of Lviv, in present-day Ukraine, is founded by Danylo King of Rus.
• Theodore II Lascaris, Byzantine Emperor (in exile in the Empire of Nicaea), successfully concludes a military campaign started a year earlier to recover Thrace from the Bulgarians.
• Abingdon School is founded.
• August 25: In Bologna slavery and serfdom is abolished, the event is recorded in the document called Liber Paradisus
• Roger Bacon becomes a Franciscan Friar.
• Church of Santa Costanza, Rome, is consecrated as a church.
• The ancient Irish Kingdom of Breifne splits into East Breifne and West Breifne after a war between the O'Reillys and the O'Rourkes.
• Beginning of the War of the Euboeote Succession, involving most of the lords of Frankish Greece and the Republic of Venice.

Asia

• June 30 – A large volcanic eruption in Harrat Rahat near Medina is associated with an Islamic prophecy.^[1]
• October – Mongol commander Baiju (operating under Hulagu Khan's command) leads his forces in a victory over Kay Ka'us II of the Sultanate of Rum, thereby capturing Anatolia.
• December 15 – Hulagu Khan captures and destroys the Hashshashin stronghold at Alamut in present-day Iran.
• Hulagu Khan establishes the Ilkhanate dynasty of Persia, which will become one of four main divisions of the Mongol Empire.
• The Japanese Kenchō era ends, and the Kōgen era begins.

Births

• January 6 – Gertrude the Great, German mystic
• Robert, Count of Clermont, French founder of the House of Bourbon (d. 1317)
• Ibn al-Banna, Arabian mathematician (d. 1321)

Deaths

• January 28 – William II, Count of Holland, King of Germany
• June 13 – Tankei, Japanese sculptor (b. 1173)
• September 1 – Kujo Yoritsune, Japanese shogun (b. 1218)
• September 21 – William of Kilkenny, Lord Chancellor of England
• October 14 – Kujo Yoritsugu, Japanese shogun (b. 1239)
• Johannes de Sacrobosco, English scholar

References